1.修改Makefile
首先给要建立的S3C2410开发板取名为TE2410, 移植uboot时以smdk2410为模板,
修改Makefile
#tar xvjf u-boot-1.1.3.tar.bz2
#cd u-boot-1.1.3
#vi Makefile
scb9328_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm920t scb9328 NULL imx
smdk2400_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm920t smdk2400 NULL s3c24x0
smdk2410_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm920t smdk2410 NULL s3c24x0
SX1_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm925t sx1
te2410_config : unconfig
@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm920t te2410 NULL s3c24x0
蓝色字体是添加的内容。其中，te2410_config : unconfig意思是为TE2410建立一个编译项，@./mkconfig $(@:_config=) arm arm920t te2410 NULL s3c24x0中的
arm表示CPU的架构是基于ARM体系结构的;arm920t表示CPU类型是arm920t;te2410是开发板的型号;NULL表示开发商或经销商的名称为空;s3c24x0表示是基于s3c24x0的片上系统。
2.在uboot的board目录下建立te2410开发板子目录
#cp –fr board/smdk2410 /board/te2410
#cd board/te2410
#mv smdk2410.c te2410.c
还要修改board/te2410/Makefile文件,
OBJS := smdk2410.o flash.o -------- OBJS := te2410.o flash.o
3.在include/configs目录下建立te2410.h头文件
#cd include/configs
#cp –fr smdk2410.h te2410.h
4.指定交叉编译器的路径
选择支持softfloatpoint的交叉编译器,在etc/bashrc文件中添加一行
export PATH=/home/newdisk/toolchain/gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6/arm-softfloat-linux-gnu/bin:$PATH
其中，/home/newdisk/toolchain/gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6/arm-softfloat-linux-gnu/bin是交叉编译器路径
修改Makefile中的交叉编译器
ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-softfloat-linux-gnu-
Endif
5.测试编译
#cd u-boot-1.1.3
#make te2410_config
#make
如果编译正确,将会在u-boot-1.1.3目录下生成u-boot、u-boot.bin、u-boot.srec 三个文件,其中u-boot是ELF格式二进制的image文件,u-boot.bin是原始的二进制image文件,u-boot.srec是Motorola S-Record格式的image文件。接下来的工作就是根据开发板的硬件配置来修改。
6.修改start.S文件
首先在 ldr pc, _start_armboot一行之前添加如下代码，将程序从Flash复制到DRAM中运行
#ifdef CONFIG_S3C2410_NAND_BOOT
bl copy_myself
@jump to ram
ldr r1, =on_the_ram
add pc, r1, #0
nop
nop
1:b 1b @infinite loop
on_the_ram:
#endif
然后在_start_armboot: .word start_armboot一行之后添加下面内容
#ifdef CONFIG_S3C2410_NAND_BOOT
copy_myself:
mov r10, lr
@reset NAND
mov r1, #NAND_CTL_BASE
ldr r2, =0xF830 @initial value
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
bic r2, r2, #0x800 @enable chip
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
mov r2, #0xFF @reset command
strb r2, [r1, #oNFCMD]
mov r3, #0 @wait
1:add r3, r3, #0x1
cmp r3, #0xa
blt 1b
2:ldr r2, [r1,#oNFSTAT] @wait ready
tst r2, #0x01
beq 2b
ldr r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
orr r2, r2, #0x800 @disable chip
str r2, [r1, #oNFCONF]
@get ready to call C functions(for nand_read())
ldr sp, DW_STACK_START @setup stack pointer
mov fp, #0 @no previous frame,so fp=0
@copy uboot to ram
ldr r0, =UBOOT_RAM_BASE
mov r1, #0
mov r2, #0x30000
bl nand_read_ll
tst r0, #0x0
beq ok_nand_read
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LL
bad_nand_read:
ldr r0, STR_FAIL
ldr r1, SerBase
bl PrintWord
1:b 1b @infinite loop
#endif
ok_nand_read:
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LL
ldr r0, STR_OK
ldr r1, SerBase
bl PrintWord
#endif
@verify
mov r0, #0
ldr r1, =UBOOT_RAM_BASE
mov r2, #0x400
go_next:
ldr r3, [r0], #4
ldr r4, [r1], #4
teq r3, r4
bne notmatch
subs r2, r2, #4
beq done_nand_read
bne go_next
notmatch:
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LL
ldr r0, STR_FAIL
ldr r1, SerBase
bl PrintWord
#endif
1: b 1b
done_nand_read:
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LL
ldr r0, STR_OK
ldr r1, SerBase
bl PrintWord
#endif
mov pc, r10
@ clear memory
@ r0:start address
@ r1:length
mem_clear:
mov r2, #0
mov r3, r2
mov r4, r2
mov r5, r2
mov r6, r2
mov r7, r2
mov r8, r2
mov r9, r2
clear_loop:
stmia r0!,{r2-r9}
subs r1, r1, #(8*4)
bne clear_loop
mov pc, lr
#endif /*CONFIG_S3C2410_NAND_BOOT*/
在start.S文件最后添加下面几行的内容，用于定义栈地址变量
#ifdef CONFIG_S3C2410_NAND_BOOT
.align 2
DW_STACK_START:
.word STACK_BASE+STACK_SIZE-4
#endif
7.添加nand_read.c和nandflash.h源文件
在start.S中调用了nand_read_ll函数，该函数用于NAND Flash读操作，在board/te2410目录下新建nand_read.c源文件，文件内容如下：
#include #define __REGb(x) (*(volatile unsigned char *)(x)) #define __REGi(x) (*(volatile unsigned int *)(x)) #define NF_BASE 0x4e000000 #define NFCONF __REGi(NF_BASE+0x0) #define NFCMD __REGb(NF_BASE+0x4) #define NFADDR __REGb(NF_BASE+0x8) #define NFDATA __REGb(NF_BASE+0xc) #define NFSTAT __REGb(NF_BASE+0x10) #define BUSY 1 inline void wait_idle(void) { int i; while(!(NFSTAT & BUSY)) for(i=0;i<10;i++); } #define NAND_SECTOR_SIZE 512 #define NAND_BLOCK_MASK (NAND_SECTOR_SIZE-1) /*low level nand read function*/ int nand_read_ll(unsigned char *buf, unsigned long start_addr, int size) { int i,j; if ((start_addr & NAND_BLOCK_MASK)||(size & NAND_BLOCK_MASK)) { return -1; /*invalid alignment*/ } /*chip enable*/ NFCONF &= ~0x800; for(i=0; i<10; i++); for(i=start_addr; i<(start_addr+size);) { /*Read0*/ NFCMD = 0; /*Write Address*/ NFADDR = i& 0xFF; NFADDR = (i>>9) & 0xFF; NFADDR = (i>>17) & 0xFF; NFADDR = (i>>25) & 0xFF; wait_idle(); for(j=0; j *buf = (NFDATA & 0xFF); buf++; } } /*chip disable*/ NFCONF |= 0x800; return 0; } 修改board/te2410目录下的Makefile文件 OBJS := te2410.o flash.o 改为 OBJS := te2410.o flash.o nand_read.o 在board/te2410目录下添加nandflash.h文件，该文件主要定义了NAND Flash的一些芯片配置函数，代码如下： #include #if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND) typedef enum { NFCE_LOW, NFCE_HIGH }NFCE_STATE; static inline void NF_Conf(u16 conf ) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); nand->NFCONF = conf; } static inline void NF_Cmd(u8 cmd) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); nand->NFCMD = cmd; } static inline void NF_CmdW(u8 cmd) { NF_Cmd(cmd); udelay(1); } static inline void NF_Addr(u8 addr) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); nand->NFADDR = addr; } static inline void NF_SetCE(NFCE_STATE s) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); switch(s) { case NFCE_LOW: nand->NFCONF &= ~(1<<11); break; case NFCE_HIGH: nand->NFCONF |= (1<<11); break; } } static inline void NF_WaitRB(void) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); while( !(nand->NFSTAT & (1<<0)) ); } static inline void NF_Write(u8 data) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); nand->NFDATA = data; } static inline u8 NF_Read(void) { S3C2410_NAND *const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); return (nand->NFDATA); } static inline void NF_Init_ECC(void) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); nand->NFCONF |= (1<<12); } static inline u32 NF_Read_ECC(void) { S3C2410_NAND *const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); return (nand->NFECC); } #endif 8.修改te2410文件 修改这个文件的目的有两个，一是初始化CPU相关的寄存器来支持USB主从设备，二是初始化NAND Flash设备。添加代码如下： #include "nandflash.h" int board_init(void) { ... /*support usb function*/ gpio->MISCCR |= (1<<3); gpio->MISCCR &= ~((1<<12)|(1<<13)); ... } /*添加以下代码实现NAND Flash的初始化*/ #if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND) extern ulong nand_probe(ulong physadr); static inline void NF_Reset(void) { int i; NF_SetCE(NFCE_LOW); NF_Cmd(0xFF); /*reset command*/ for(i = 0; i < 10; i++); NF_WaitRB(); NF_SetCE(NFCE_HIGH); } static inline void NF_Init(void) { #if 0 #define TACLS 0 #define TWRPH0 3 #define TWRPH1 0 #else #define TACLS 0 #define TWRPH0 4 #define TWRPH1 2 #endif NF_Conf((1<<15)|(0<<14)|(0<<13)|(1<<12)|(1<<11)|(TACLS<<8)|(TWRPH0<<4)|(TWRPH1<<0)); NF_Conf((1<<15)|(0<<14)|(0<<13)|(1<<12)|(1<<11)|(TACLS<<8)|(TWRPH0<<4)|(TWRPH1<<0)); } void nand_init(void) { S3C2410_NAND * const nand = S3C2410_GetBase_NAND(); NF_Init(); #if DEBUG printf("NAND flash probing at 0x%.8lX\\n",(ulong)nand); #endif printf("%ld MB\\n",nand_probe((ulong)nand)>>20); } #endif 9.修改头文件te2410.h 修改include/configs/te2410.h文件，其中定义了栈的基地址和栈的大小、RAM的基地址以及NAND Flash设置参数等内容。 ... #define CONFIG_CMDLINE_TAG 1 #define CONFIG_SETUP_MEMORY_TAGS 1 #define CONFIG_INITRD_TAG 1 ... #define CONFIG_COMMANDS \ (CONFIG_CMD_DFL | \ CFG_CMD_CACHE | \ CFG_CMD_ENV | \ CFG_CMD_PING | \ CFG_CMD_NAND | \ /*CFG_CMD_EEPROM |*/ \ /*CFG_CMD_I2C |*/ \ /*CFG_CMD_USB |*/ \ CFG_CMD_REGINFO | \ CFG_CMD_DATE | \ CFG_CMD_ELF) ... /*Nandflash Boot*/ #define CONFIG_S3C2410_NAND_BOOT 1 #define STACK_BASE 0x33FF8000 #define STACK_SIZE 0x8000 #define UBOOT_RAM_BASE 0x33F80000 /*Nandflash Controller*/ #define NAND_CTL_BASE 0x4e000000 #define bINT_CTL(Nb) __REG(INT_CTL_BASE+(Nb)) /*Offset*/ #define oNFCONF 0x00 #define oNFCMD 0x04 #define oNFADDR 0x08 #define oNFDATA 0x0c #define oNFSTAT 0x10 #define oNFECC 0x14 /*定义Nandflash设置参数*/ #if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND) #define CFG_MAX_NAND_DEVICE 1 /*Max number of NAND devices*/ #define SECTORSIZE 512 #define ADDR_COLUMN 1 #define ADDR_PAGE 2 #define ADDR_COLUMN_PAGE 3 #define NAND_ChipID_UNKNOWN 0x00 #define NAND_MAX_FLOORS 1 #define NAND_MAX_CHIPS 1 #define NAND_WAIT_READY(nand) NF_WaitRB() #define NAND_DISABLE_CE(nand) NF_SetCE(NFCE_HIGH) #define NAND_ENABLE_CE(nand) NF_SetCE(NFCE_LOW) #define WRITE_NAND_COMMAND(d,adr) NF_Cmd(d) #define WRITE_NAND_COMMANDW(d,adr) NF_CmdW(d) #define WRITE_NAND_ADDRESS(d,adr) NF_Addr(d) #define WRITE_NAND(d,adr) NF_Write(d) #define READ_NAND(adr) NF_Read() #define NAND_CTL_CLRALE(nandptr) #define NAND_CTL_SETALE(nandptr) #define NAND_CTL_CLRCLE(nandptr) #define NAND_CTL_SETCLE(nandptr) #define CONFIG_MTD_NAND_VERIFY_WRITE 1 #define CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_JFFS2 1 #define CONFIG_DEBUG_LL 1 #endif /* (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)*/ 修改以下各宏的值，内存相关地址、启动提示字母和网络的设置 #define CFG_MEMTEST_END 0x33F00000 /* 63 MB in DRAM */ #define CFG_LOAD_ADDR 0x30008000 /*default load address*/ #define PHYS_SDRAM_1_SIZE 0x04000000 /* MB*/ #define CFG_PROMPT ”TE2410” #define CONFIG_IPADDR 192.168.1.10 #define CONFIG_SERVERIP 192.168.1.104 #define CFG_ENV_IS_IN_NAND 1 #define CFG_ENV_OFFSET 0x30000 #define UBOOT_RAM_BASE 0x33F80000 10.修改cmd_nand.c文件 添加包含nandflash.h的头文件 #include 将nandflash.h复制到u-boot-1.1.3\\include目录下 11.重新编译 以上参考< 编译中遇到一些问题，需要注意的是要选择支持软件浮点的交叉编译器，因为uboot使用软件浮点,我使用的arm-linux-gcc3.4.1不支持软件浮点，后来自己构建一个支持软件浮点的交叉编译器。 修改u-boot-1.1.3\\cpu\\arm920t\\config.mk PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -ffixed-r8 \ -malignment-traps -msoft-float 改为 PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -ffixed-r8 \ -mshort-load-bytes -msoft-float 板子已经有下载好的vivi，将uboot直接下载到RAM中运行，所以修改start.S和上面的修改说明不同，只需将start.S中的bl lowlevel_init注释掉，其他不需要改动。 关于uboot的bootm和go命令,bootm和uImage对应,而go和zImage对应。uImage由zImage添加字节头信息得来,由这个头信息构成的结构体如下(IH_NMLEN=32)： typedef struct image_header { uint32_t ih_magic; /* Image Header Magic Number */ uint32_t ih_hcrc; /* Image Header CRC Checksum */ uint32_t ih_time; /* Image Creation Timestamp */ uint32_t ih_size; /* Image Data Size */ uint32_t ih_load; /* Data Load Address */ uint32_t ih_ep; /* Entry Point Address */ uint32_t ih_dcrc; /* Image Data CRC Checksum */ uint8_t ih_os; /* Operating System */ uint8_t ih_arch; /* CPU architecture */ uint8_t ih_type; /* Image Type */ uint8_t ih_comp; /* Compression Type */ uint8_t ih_name[IH_NMLEN]; /* Image Name */ } image_header_t; uboot源代码的tools/目录下有mkimage工具，这个工具可以用来制作uImage mkimage在制作映象文件的时候，是在原来的可执行映象文件的前面加上一个0x40字节的头，记录参数所指定的信息，这样uboot才能识别这个映象是针对哪个CPU体系结构的，哪个OS的，哪种类型，加载内存中的哪个位置， 入口点在内存的那个位置以及映象名是什么 mkimage -A arm -O Linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x30008000 -e 0x30008040 -n Linux-2.6.14 -d zImage uImage -A ==> set architecture to 'arch' -O ==> set operating system to 'os' -T ==> set image type to 'type' -C ==> set compression type 'comp' -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex) -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex) -n ==> set image name to 'name' -d ==> use image data from 'datafile' -x ==> set XIP (execute in place)
Copyright © 2019-2025 51dongshi.net 版权所有
违法及侵权请联系：TEL:177 7030 7066 E-MAIL:11247931@qq.com 本站由北京市万商天勤律师事务所王兴未律师提供法律服务
