
注:当我们使用an时,条件是:①这个名词的读音必须是以元音音素开头--即它的音标的第一个音素是元音,而不是说它是以元音字母开头。②它必须是个可数名词的单数
an hour一个小时,an orange一只桔子,an engineer一工程师,an old man一位老人
1) 不定冠词在句子中最大的语法功能是:用在可数名词的单数形式前表示泛指--表明一类人或事物区别于它类。
例:I am a Chinese. 我是(一个)中国人。
This is a book. 这是(一本)书。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做
1) 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
不定冠词的基本用法
(1) 不定冠词有a和an两种:a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前。例如:a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elephant
(2) 用来表示“—”的意思,但不强调数的观念,只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。例如:
A teacher is looking for you.
We work five days a week.
(3)不定冠词含有“—”的意思,但数量观念没有one强烈,在句子里边一般可以不必译出,但若有“一个”的意思则译出,例如:
—— An orange is good for you. 桔子对你有好处。
(4)一般用在可数名词单数前,指人或事物的某一种类。例如:
Bill is a student.
(5)用在某些固定词组中。例如:
a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little
2. 定冠词的用法
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 例如:
The book on the desk is mine.
(2)指双方都知道的人或事物。 例如:
Open the door, please. 请开门。
(4)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如:
The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。
但这些名词作为描绘性定语时,可用不定冠词。例如:
Look! A red sun is rising. 瞧!一轮红日正在升起。
(5)用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如:
The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。
(6)用在用普通名词构成的党派,国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。例如:
They will visit the Great Wall next week.
(7)用在形容词前表示一类人,the +形容词指的是一群人,是一种复数含义,所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如:
The old are sick.
(8)用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。例如:
The Smiths have moved to London.
(9)用在某些习惯用语中。例如:
in the morning, on the left, the day before yesterday, all the same
一、选择正确的答案
1.I am ___(a, an)student.
2.There is ____(a, an) elephant in the zoo.
3.You are ____(a, an) good boy.
4.I have ____(a, an) orange.
5.Miss Grant is ____( a, an )ugly teacher.
6.This is _____(a ,an)new book.
7.Please take ____(a, an )umbrella.
8.Close ____(a, an ,the)door,please.
9.My father is ____(a ,an) doctor.
10.There is _____(a,an) orange on the table.
11.He gives me _____(a, an )sticker.
12.What is _____(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world?
13.I have ____orange .____orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)
14.My father is ____(a, an, the )man.
15._____(A ,An ,The )moon is in the sky.
16.There’s ____(a, an, the )apple on the table.
17.______(A,An,The) blackboard in our classroom is big.
18.He likes to play ____(a,an,the)piano.
19.Monday is ____(a, a, the )first day of the week.
20.My favorite animal is ____(a, an ,the) cat.
二、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词,不需要的地方填‘/’
1.This is _______egg. It’s _______small egg.
2.Iim has_______ big head.
3.Who is_______ girl in green?
4.--Do you have_______ knife?
--Yes, I do. I only have_______ small one.
5.Lucy and Lily look________ same.
6.Jim is from_______ USA. Mike is from________ England.
7.________boy over there is Jim’s________ brother.
8.――Is that________ cat or_______ tiger? ---It’s_______ cat.
9.We are in________ Beijing No.2 High School.
10.They are in________ same class.
