| 前缀变词义，后缀变词性, 重点看词根。 | ||||
| Prefix 前缀 | ||||
| 前缀 | 意思 | 举例 | ||
| ab- | 脱离 | abnormal，abuse, | ||
| anti- | 反抗 | antiwar，anti-Japan, antisocial | ||
| auto- | 自动，自己 | automatic, automobile, autonomous, autograph | ||
| bi- | 二，双 | biweekly，bilingual, bisexual, | ||
| dis- | 否定， 相反, 非 | disabled, disable, dissuade, discourage, disappear, disagree, dislike, disadvantage, disbelieve, disorder; | ||
| un- | unstable unknown; unlike; unable; unimportant; unusual; unbearable, uncertain, uncover, unfit, unfold, unfair; | |||
| il-, im-, in-, ir- | illogical，illegal; impossible; impatient; impolite; invisible，inaccurate; irregular; irresponsible; | |||
| non- | nonsmoking; nonsense; | |||
| en-, em- | 使… | enlarge，enable，empower; enrich | ||
| e-, ex- | 外，出 | erupt，external，export，exclude | ||
| inter- | 互相 | interchange，interaction, interfere, international, interrupt, interview | ||
| micro- | 微 | micro soft，microwave，micro scope | ||
| mini- | 小 | minibus，minor, miniature, minority, miniskirt. | ||
| mis- | 错，坏 | misfortune, mislead, mistake, misunderstand, misuse; | ||
| multi- | 多，多倍 | multiparty，multi media，multi colored | ||
| out- | 往外, 超出 | outcome,outlet, outline, outlook, output, outnumber | ||
| over- | 在上，过度 | overall, overcoat, overhead, overwork, overeat, overuse, overcharge | ||
| post- | 后 | postwar，postgraduate; | ||
| pre- | 前，领先 | prewar，prefix， preface, prefer, preview, | ||
| fore- | 前，预 | forecast, forehead, foremost, foresee，foretell | ||
| re- | 回，再 | return，restart; remind, rewrite, react, replace, review, recall; reread, repay, | ||
| semi - | 半 | semicircle，semiconductor | ||
| sub- | 次，低于 | substandard，subway; subconscious, substandard, | ||
| trans - | 转换，变换， | transform, transmit, transport, translate, transfer | ||
| vis- | 看，看见 | visible, vision, visual, evident, revise, visitor, | ||
| under- | 下，内，不足 | underground，underskirt，underpay; underdeveloped; | ||
| super- | 超 | superficial, supermarket, superman, supernatural | ||
| bi-, bio- | 生命，生物 | biochemistry, biography, biology | ||
| cent(i)- | 百，百分之一 | cent, century, centigrade, centimetre | ||
| log- | 言语，推理 | logic, logical, apology, apologize, dialogue, monologue | ||
| extra- | 以外，超过 | extra, extraordinary | ||
| Suffix 后缀 常见后缀有三种：形容词后缀、名词后缀、动词后缀。 | ||||
| 形容词后缀 | ||||
| 后缀 | 意义 | 举例 | ||
| -able， -ible | 能…的，可被…的 | eatable， fashionable，excitable，acceptable，movable， available, responsible，reducible | ||
| -ful | 充满…的，充满…的量 | useful，successful，plentiful， cheerful, doubtful, harmful, skilful, hopeful, fruitful， helpful， handful(n.一把) mouthful(n.一口) | ||
| -less | 没有…的 | fearless, harmless, hopeless, helpless, endless, aimless, needless | ||
| -ic | …的 | poetic(a.诗歌的) romantic(浪漫的) | ||
| -ish | 象…一样的，有点…的 | childish(a. 孩子气的)，reddish(a. 微红的)，boyish, girlish, selfish, blackish, greenish | ||
| -ive | 有…倾向的 | creative， constructive， active, aggressive, | ||
| -like | 象…的，…般的 | childlike，dreamlike, warlike, | ||
| -ly | 具有..的特点; 每…一次 | cowardly(a. 胆怯的), lovely, lively, friendly, lonely, likely, motherly, hourly, yearly, weekly | ||
| -ous, -ious | 具有…性质的 | poisonous有毒的， conscious(谨慎的) cautious(小心的)， dangerous危险的，famous著名的 | ||
| -some | 易…的，会引起…的 | quarrelsome, tiresome, troublesome, | ||
| -y | …的 | dusty(a.满是灰尘的) bushy(a.浓密的) , sunny, funny, windy, snowy, cloudy, foggy, dirty, | ||
| -en | 由...做成的 | wooden, woolen, waxen, oaken | ||
| -al | 属于...的 | personal, musical, global, governmental | ||
| 名词后缀 | ||||
| -ment | 行为，状态，性质 | movement运动，management管理， payment, agreement, employment, improvement, equipment | ||
| -ness | 状态，性质 | happiness, likeness, sadness, weakness, darkness, goodness | ||
| -hood | 表状态.地位.特征 | childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood | ||
| -dom | 身分.领域..状况 | freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom | ||
| -ship | 表性质.情况.身分 | friendship, hardship, leadership, ownership, scholarship | ||
| -er, ar, or, ist, ant | 表做某事的人 | painter, beggar, sailor, lawyer, liar, scientist, assistant, consultant | ||
| -ion | 行为.结果.状态 | creation,pollution, expansion, foundation, invitation, interpretation | ||
| -ure | 行为（结果）.状态 | failure, mixture, closure, moisture | ||
| -th | length，width，depth，truth，warmth, strength, growth, death | |||
| -ty | 性质 | ability, responsibility, capacity， safety, property，obesity，similarity | ||
| -ics | 学科 | physics, politics, economics, | ||
| 动词后缀 | ||||
| -ize, -ise | …化，使… | standardize, realize, mechanize, memorize | ||
| -en | 使… | weaken，soften，thicken，strengthen，shorten， deepen，harden，lengthen，loosen，quicken， lighten，sharpen。 | ||
| -fy | 使成为 | identify, purify, simplify, electrify, qualify, classify | ||
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