
2009年6月英语四级阅读第二篇
Passage Two
Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .
Devised: 想出 ,计划,发明 murder :谋杀
Determine:决定,确定 victims:受害人
Roughly:粗略的,大体上的 a strand of hair:一缕头发 technique:技术 track:追踪
criminal:犯罪的;可疑的 unidentified:未确认的
suspects:猜想
The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.
Measure:测量 chemical variations:化学变化
Show up:显眼,看的清楚
“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.
Recorded:已记录的 geologist:地质学者
While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.
Relatively:相关的 identical:同样的 patterns:方式,形式
Composition:成分 rainfall:降雨量 slightly:轻微的
Raid:突然袭击
Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.
Stable:稳定的 elements:原理,基础 deliver:递送
California:加州 Utah:犹他州
Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.
Throughout:遍及……地区 proportion:均衡,部分
timeline.:线条 corresponds to:相当于
Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.
Tap:龙头 samples:样本 regional:地区的,区域的
Accuracy:精确的 barber:理发师
They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.
“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),” Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”
Eliminate:排除
Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.
Detective:侦探 skeleton:骨骼
The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.
Recover:恢复
When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.
She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.
Specific:明确的,详细地
“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”
Substantial:坚固的,真实的
附录(三)
部分词组,打不动了,你慢慢总结吧,该词组出处:俞敏洪四级联想记忆单词书。
regardless of 不顾,不管
in the region 在……左右,接近
relate to 有关
relate with 联系
relative to 有关,关于
rely on/upon 依靠,依赖;指望
remark on/upon 议论,评论,谈论
in excess of 超过
to excess 过度,过分,过量
exclusive of 除……外,不计算在内
exert oneself 努力,尽力
exert all one’s strength 尽某人全力
at the expense of 由……付费;以……为代价
beyond/past expression 无法表达或形容
find expression in…… 在……中表现出来
to a certain extent 在一定程度上
lack faith in sth 对某事缺乏信心
take a fancy to 喜欢上;爱上
fancy doing sth 喜欢做某事
be fascinated by 被……迷住
in favour of 支持,赞同
win one’s favour 获得某人的好感
show favour towards sb 偏袒某人
figure out 想出,理解;明白
in the flesh 亲自,本人
focus on 聚集,集中,聚焦
in force 有效,生效,在实施中
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
and so forth 等等
gang up 聚集,结成一伙
gang up on sb. 合伙对付某人
given to 倾向,惯于
be given to doing sth. 喜欢做某事
at/in a pinch 必要时,在紧急关头
feel the pinch 感到手头拮据
take……with a pinch of salt 对……有所保留;对……半信半疑
pine away (因悲哀等)消瘦,衰弱,憔悴
pine for 渴望,思念
pitch in 协力,作出贡献
plug in 给……接通电源,连接
take the plunge (经过踌躇)决定冒险一试
plunge into 纵身跳入
plunge down 冲下
poles apart 大相径庭
polish off (飞快的)完成;
polish up 润色
portion out 分配,把……分给
pour out 倾诉;倾倒
pour into 倒入
pour down 倾盆而下
without prejudice (to) (对……)没有不利,无损(于)
in one’s presence 当着某人的面,有某人在场
presence of mind 镇定自若
prevail over 获胜,占优势
prevail on/upon 说服,劝说,诱使
previous to 在……之前
prior to 在……之前
in private 私下地,秘密地
the profession 同业,同行
profit by/from 得益于
in proportion to 与……成比例,与……相称
proportional to 比例的,成比例的
propose to do sth./propose doing sth. 打算做某事
propose sb. for 为……推荐某人
prospect for 勘探,勘察
provide sb. with sth. 提供给某人某物
puzzle out 苦苦思索而弄清楚(或解决)
puzzle over 苦思
jump the/a queue 插队
form a queue 排队
queue up for 排队等待
rail at/against 咒骂,严厉责备,抱怨
range over 涉及,论及
out of/beyond range 在射程外
at any rate 无论如何,至少
at this rate 照这种情形,既然这样
in the raw 未开化的,裸体的
react against 反对,反动,反其道而行
react with 起化学反应
react on/upon 起作用,影响
reaction against 反对,对抗
in reality 实际上,事实上
bring up the rear 处在最后的位置,垫后
economic recession 经济衰退
reckon on 指望,盼望
reckon with 估计;预料到;处理,对付
