一、基本概念:被动语态就是一个句子的主语是动作的承受者
二、基本构成:Be+过去分词+(by+动作的执行者)
eg: His bicycle was stole. 他的自行车被偷了。
The building has been built at 2000. 这个建筑在2000年的时候被修建的。
三、运用
1、不知道或没必要知道动作的执行者。
Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。
The horse is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这个房子很古旧了。它是1950年建造的。
2、需要强调动作的对象。
He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在那个比赛中获了一等奖。
Calculator can’t be used in the maths exam. 考试时不准使用计算器。
四、各种时态被动语态举例
1、一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
The car is made in China.
2、一般过去式:was/were + 过去分词
The desk was cleaned just now.
The station was built in 1928.
3、一般将来时:(A) wil/shall + be + 过去分词
(B)am/is/are + going to be + 过去分词
Some new factories will be built in our city this year.
Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.
4、现在进行时: am/is/are + being +过去分词
A new factory is being built in our city now.
Some trees are being cut down in the park right now.
5、过去进行时:was/were + being +过去分词
A new factory has been built in our city at that time.
Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.
6、现在完成时:have/has + been +过去分词
Some new factories have been built in the city in the city since last year.
Your watch has been mended already.
7、情态动词:情态动词+be+过去分词
The work must be done.
He can’t be found.
五、如何将主动语态变为被动语态
1、把原主动句的宾语变为被动句主语。
2、把动词变被动形式,即Be+过去分词
3、把动词变被动形式,即Be+过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。
4、其他成分(定语、状语)不变。
六、初中教材中被动语态相关句型。
1、be covered with 被。。覆盖
2、be made of 由。。制作(发生物理变化)
Be made from 由。。制作(发生化学变化)
3、be used for 被用来
be used as 被当做(作为)。。来使用
4、It is said that… 据说。。
It is hoped that… 希望。。
It is well known that… 众所周知。。