学研教育—2016年浙江专升本英语易混词汇辨析总结

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数；

cloth 指布，为不可数名词；

clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident 指小事件；

accident 指不幸的事故，例：He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount 后接不可数名词；

number 后接可数名词，例：a number of students

4. family, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人；

house 房子，住宅；

family 家庭成员，例：My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound 自然界各种各样的声音；

voice 人的嗓音；

noise 噪音，例：I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo 用照相机拍摄的照片；

picture 可指相片，图片，电影片， 例：Let's go and see a good picture. drawing 画的画。

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，例：He has a large vocabulary. word 具体的单词。

8. population, people

你之所学，我之所研

population 人口，人数，例：China has a large population.

people 具体的人。

9. weather, climate

weather 一天内具体的天气状况；

climate 长期的气候状况，例：The climate here is not good for you.

10. road, street, path, way

road 具体的公路，马路，例：take this road

street 街道，例：in the street

path 小路，小径；

way 道路，途径，例：Show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course 课程（可包括多门科目），例：a summer course

subject 科目（具体的学科）

12. custom, habit

custom 传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do ；

habit 生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. 例：I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth ；

reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. 例：the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise 运动，锻炼（不可数）；

exercises 练习（可数）；

practice （反复做的）练习，例：Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

你之所学，我之所研

作“课”解时，两者可以替换。

指课文用lesson ，例：Lesson 6，第6课； 指班级或全体学生用class ，例：Class 5，5班。

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说；

talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话；

lecture 学术性的演讲，讲课，例：a series of lecture on …

17. officer, official

officer 的军官，例：an army officer

official 。

18. work, job

二者均指工作。

work 不可数；job 可数，例：a good job

19. couple, pair

couple 主要指人或动物；

pair 多指由两部分组成的东西，例：a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land

country 侧重指版图，疆域；

nation 指人民，国民，民族；

state 侧重指，政体；

land 国土，国家，例：The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker

cook 厨师，例：He is a good cook.

cooker 厨具。

22. damage, damages

你之所学，我之所研

damage 不可数名词，损害，损失；

damages 复数形式，赔偿金，例：$900 damages 23. police, policeman

police 的总称，后接复数谓语动词，例：The police are questioning everyone in the house.

policeman 指某个具体的。

24. problem, question

problem 常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise ；

question 常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer 连用。

25. man, a man

man 人类；

a man 一个男人，例：Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken 还可以当鸡肉；例：The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时，telegram 指具体的；例：a telegram

telegraph 指抽象的；例：by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel 是最常用的；

trip 指短期的旅途；例：a three-day trip

journey 指稍长的旅途；

voyage 指海上航行。

29. sport, game

sport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；例：His favorite sport is swimming.

game 指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则。

你之所学，我之所研

30. price, prize

price 价格；例：The price is high/low. prize 奖，奖品，奖金；例：win the first prize

31. a number of, the number of

a number of 许多，谓语动词用复数；

the number of … ……的数目，谓语动词用单数。例：The number of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of

in front of 范围外的前面；

in the front of 范围内的前面 例：In the front of the room sits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day

of the day 每一天的，当时的，当代的，例：a famous scientist of the day ； of a day 暂时的，不长久的。

34. three of us, the three of us

three of us 我们（不止三个）中的三个；

the three of us 我们三个（就三个人）例：The three of us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus

by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，例：They went there by bus.

on the bus 表范围。

36. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一会儿，例：Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

for the moment 暂时，一时。

37. next year, the next year

next year 将来时间状语；

the next year 过去将来时间状语，例：He said he would go abroad the next year.

你之所学，我之所研

38. more than a year, more than one year

more than a year 一年多； more than one year 超过一年（两年或三年等）。

39. take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice 征求意见；

take the advice 接受忠告 例：He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40. take air, take the air

take air 传播，走漏；

take the air 到户外去，散步 例：We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words

in a word 总之，一句话，例：In a word, you are right.

in words 口头上。

42. in place of, in the place of

in place of 代替；

in the place of 在…地方，例：A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret

in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；

in the secret 知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语，例：My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl

a girl 可泛指所有女孩；

one girl 一个女孩，例：Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair 相当于sit down 坐下；

take the chair 开始开会。

你之所学，我之所研

46. go to sea, by sea

go to sea 当海员，出航； by sea 乘船，由海路；by the sea 在海边。

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师；

the doctor and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师。

48. in office, in the office

in office 在职的，例：He is in office, not out of office.

in the office 在办公室里。

49. in bed, on the bed

in bed 卧在床上，例：He is ill in bed.

on the bed 在床上，例：The book is on the bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of 管理，负责照料，例：He is in charge of the matter.

in the charge of 由……照料，例：The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class

in class 在课上；

in the class 在班级里，例：He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire

on fire 着火，例：The house is on fire.

on the fire 在火上，例：Put the food on the fire.

53. out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫无疑问的；

out of the question 不可能的。

54. a second, the second

你之所学，我之所研

a second 又一，再一；

the second 第……，例：He won the second prize. 55. by day, by the day

by day 白天；

by the day 按天计算，例：The workers are paid by the day.

56. the people, a people

the people 指人；

a people 指民族，例：The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one

it 同一物体；

one 同类不同一，例：I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this

that 指代上文所提到的；例：I was ill. That's why …

this 导出下文所要说的。

59. none, nothing, no one

none 强调有多少；

nothing, no one 强调有没有；nothing 指物，no one 指人。

60. anyone, any one

anyone 指人，不能接of ；

any one 指人物均可，可接of 例：any one of you

61. who, what

who 指姓名或关系；

what 指职业或地位，例：What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which

你之所学，我之所研

what 的选择基础是无的；

which 在一定范围内进行选择，例：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63. other, another

other 后接名词复数，例：other students

another 后接名词单数，例：another student

. not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常；

not a bit 一点也不，例：I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of

many 和可数名词连用，例：I haven't many books.

much 和不可数名词连用；

a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句。

66. much more …than, many more …than

much more …than 后接形容词或不可数名词，例：much more water, much more beautiful many more …than 后接可数名词，例：many more people

67. no, not

no=not a/any

例：no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than

no more than 相当于only ，仅仅，只有；

not more than 至多，不超过。

69. majority, most

majority 只能修饰可数名词，例：the majority of people

most 可数不可数均可。

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

你之所学，我之所研

by oneself 单独的，独自的；

for oneself 为自己；

to oneself 供自己用的；

of oneself 自行的，自动的，例：The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all

at all 根本，全然；

after all 到底，毕竟，例：After all he is a child.

72. tall, high

tall 常指人或动物，例：He is tall.

high 常指物体。

73. fast, quickly

fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，例：run fast

quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快，例：answer the question quickly

74. high, highly

high 具体的高；

highly 抽象的高，高度的，例：think highly of

75. healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的，健壮的；

healthful 有益于健康的，例：healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep,sleepy

sleeping 正在睡觉，例：a sleeping baby

asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，例：The baby is asleep.

sleepy 困的，有睡意的，例：I'm sleepy.

77. gold, golden

gold 指真金制品，例：a gold ring

golden 指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish

most 用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，例：most people

mostly 大部分，是副词，例：the people are mostly…

79. just, very

just 表强调时是副词，作状语，例：just the man

very 表强调时是形容词，用作定语，例：the very man

80. wide, broad

wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离；

broad 侧重于幅面的宽广，例：broad shoulders

81. real, true

real 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，例：real gold

true 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合，例：a true story

82. respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，例：be respectful to the aged

respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的。

83. outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面；

outward 还可用作形容词，例：an outward voyage

84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant 常用作定语；

pleased, pleasing 常用作表语；

pleased 主语常为人，pleasing 主语常为物，例：a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing.

85. understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的，能体谅的，例：an understanding girl

understandable 可理解的，能够懂的，例：an understandable mistake你之所学，我之所研

close 接近，靠近，例：stand close

closely 紧紧地，紧密地，例：closely connected

87. ill, sick

ill 做表语；

sick 定语、表语均可，例：a sick boy

88. good, well

good 形容词；

well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词，例：He is well again.

. quiet, silent, still

quiet 安静的，可以发出小的声音；

silent 不发出声音，但可以动；

still 完全不动，完全无声响，例：He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90. hard, hardly

hard 努力，例：work hard

hardly 几乎不，例：I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable

able 与不定式to do连用；

capable 与of连用，例：He is capable of doing…

92. almost, nearly

二者均为“几乎，差不多”，和否定词连用用almost，例：almost nobody。

93. late, lately

late 迟，晚；

lately 最近，近来例：I haven't seen him lately.

你之所学，我之所研

94. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live 均为活着的； living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定语后置；

live 只能做定语，lively 意为活泼的，例：all the living people=all the people alive

95. excited, exciting

excited 使人兴奋的，例：I'm excited.

exciting 令人兴奋的，例：The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply

deep 具体的深，例：dig deep

deeply 抽象的深，深深地，例：deeply moved

97. aloud, loud

aloud 出声地，例：read aloud 出声地读

loud 大声地

98. worth, worthy

二者均为值得，worth 后接doing ；

worthy 后接to be done, of being done ；

例：It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.

99. bad, badly

bad 形容词，例：go bad

badly 副词，不好，但与need, want, require 连用为“很，非常”，例：I need the book badly. 100. before long, long before

before long 不久以后；

long before 很久以前；

例：not long before = before long

101. quite, rather

你之所学，我之所研

quite 完全地，相当于completely ，例：quite impossible

rather 修饰比较级

102. happy, glad

happy 高兴，幸福，定表均可，例：a happy girl

glad 高兴，只能做表语

103. instead, instead of

instead 是副词，放在句首或句末，例：He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. instead of 是介词短语，放在句中，例：He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 104. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词；

much too 后接形容词，例：much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to 表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语；

be going to 侧重打算，想法；

be to do 侧重意志，计划，安排 例：I'm to meet him.（含双方事先约好的意思） 106. raise, rise

raise 及物动词；

rise 不及物动词，例：The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring 拿来；

take 带走；

carry 随身携带；

fetch 去回这一往返动作，例：fetch a box of chalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend 人做主语，花钱，花时间，spend …on sth./in doing sth;

take 物做主语，花时间；

你之所学，我之所研

pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for ；

cost 物做主语，花钱。 109. join, join in, take part in

join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员，例：He joined the army five years ago. join in 参加小型的活动，join sb. in ；

take part in 参加大型的活动。

110. learn, study

learn 学习，侧重学习的结果；

study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究，例：study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want 打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do ；

hope 希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that …

wish 希望（通常不能实现），wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n.，例：I wish you success. 112. discover, invent, find out

discover 发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西；

invent 发明本来不存在的物体；

find out 发现，查明，例：At last he found out the truth.

113. answer, reply

answer 及物动词；

reply 不及物动词，例：to reply to the letter

114. leave, leave for

leave 离开；

leave for 前往，例：He left Beijing for Shanghai.

115. rob, steal

rob 抢劫，rob sb. of sth.，

steal 偷，steal sth. from sb.

你之所学，我之所研

116. shoot, shoot at

shoot 射死，例：He shot the bird and it died.

shoot at 瞄准，但不一定射中。

117. drop, fall

drop 及物不及物均可，例：He dropped his voice.

fall 不及物动词，例：Prices fell/dropped.

118. search, search for

search 后接地点，例：He searched his pocket for money.

search for 后接东西

119. used to, be used to

used to 过去常常；

be used to 习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. 例：He is used to getting up early.

120. win, beat

win 后接sth. 反义词为lose ，例：win the game

beat 后接sb.，例：beat them

121. live on, live by

live on 以……为主食，例：live on fish

live by 靠……谋生，例：live by fishing

122. beat, hit, strike

beat 连续性地击打，例：beat the wings

hit 打中，对准打；

strike 打一下或若干下。

123. meet, meet with

meet 遇到；

meet with 体验到，遭遇到，例：meet with an accident

你之所学，我之所研

124. lose, miss

lose 失去（具体的物体），错过，例：sth. is lost, lose the chance ；

miss 想念，错过，例：sth. is missing, miss the chance

125. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of 厌烦……

be tired with/from 因为……而累了，例：be tired with/from running 800 meters 126. care about, care for

care about 关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中。例：He doesn't care about his clothes. care for 关心，照料，喜欢，愿意。例：I don't care for movies.

127. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold 不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用；

have a cold 可以和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，例：She has had a cold for a week. 128. change for, change into

change for 调换成，例：the shirt for a bigger one.

change into 变成为... 例：Water changes into ice.

129. continue, last

二者均为持续，continue 主动、被动均可。例：The story is to be continued. last 只能用主动，例：The war lasted/continued five years.

130. feed, raise

feed 喂养，养活，饲养；

raise 饲养，养育（孩子），例：raise the family

131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor 去请医生；

go to a doctor 去看病

132. notice, observe, catch sight of

你之所学，我之所研

notice 注意到；

observe 观察，仔细地看，例：observe the stars catch sight of 突然看到

133. insist on, stick to

insist on 坚持要求，后常接doing ；

stick to 坚持, 后常接sth. 例：stick to the plan

134. look, seem, appear

look 指从外表上看，例：look like his father

seem 指内心的判断；

appear 指给人以表面的印象，例：appear wise

135. gather, collect

gather 把分散的东西集中到一起；

collect 指精心地、有选择地进行收集，例：collect stamps

136. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do 打算，想要做某事；

mean doing 意思是，意味着。例：By this I mean giving the students more practice. 137. die from, die of

die from 表示死于（）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等；

die of 表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素。例：die of hunger and cold

138. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for 为……付钱，例：pay for the book ；

pay back 还钱，但不一定还清；

pay off 还清，例：pay off the debt

139. divide, separate

学研教育—2016年浙江专升本英语易混词汇辨析总结 你之所学，我之所研

divide 把一个整体分成几部分，例：divide the apple ；

separate 把连在一起的个体分开，例：separate the houses 140. arrive, get, reach

arrive 不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)。例：arrive in Beijing get 不及物动词后接to ，例：get to Beijing

reach 及物动词，例：reach Beijing