绝密 ★ 考试结束前
全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码:00522
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分
注意事项:
1. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。
I.MULTIPLE CHOICE
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question, Blacken the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points,1 point for each)
1. There are three dicisions on the island of Great Britain:Englan,Scotland and Wales.
A.social B.cultural
C.religious D.political
2. , among the British monarchs,was regarded as “the father of the British navy.”
A.Henry Ⅱ B.Henry Ⅷ
C.Alfred the Great C.William the Conqueror
3. The Celtic tribes are NOT ancestors of the .
A.Irish B.Welsh
C.English D.Highland Scots
4. The Romans remained in control of Britain for about years.
A.100 B.200
C.300 D.400
5. One particular feafure of the feudal system of England was that all landowners took oath of allegiance for the land they held .
A.to their immediate lord,but not to the king
B.to the king, but not to their immediate lord
C.neither to their immediate lord nor to the king
D.not only to their immediate lord but also to the king
6.The Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses,of which the most important ones were the following EXCEPT that .
A.no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council
B.the Church should possess all its righs together with freedom of elections
C.London and other towns should give up their ancient rights and privileges
D.no freeman should be arrested,imprisoned,or deprived of his property except by the law of the land
7.The name of the Hundred Years’War(1337-1453) is given to the intermittent war between .
A.France and England B.Spain and Englan
C.Germany and England D.America and England
8. The Peasant Uprising of 1381 in Britain .
A.was brutally suppressed
B.was a great success in English history
C.hindered the development of capitalism
D.had little significance in English history
9. treated 5 questions-her religion,her marriage,her foreign policy,her succession to the throne,and her finance-as personal and private.
A.ElizabethⅠ B.ElizabethⅡ
C.Mary Stuart D.Mary Tudor
10. The lasted intermittently for 30 years.
A.Civil War B.First World War
C. Wars of the Roes C.Second World War
11. was responsible for the English Reformation in British history.
A.Elizabeth Ⅰ B.Henry Ⅷ
C.Alfred the Great D.William the Conqueror
12. The most famous literary work written by John Miton in the late 17th century was .
A.Paradise lost B.Julius Caesar
B.Dr.Faustus D.Pilgrim’s progress
13.The Bill of Rights (16)was finally accepted by thus marking the beginning of the age constitutional monarchy.
A.JamesⅠ B.James Ⅱ
C.Charles Ⅱ D.William and Mary
14.Agricultural changes in the late 18th century Britain were caused by the following Except
.
A.the enclosure Acts
B.Robert Bakewell’s selective breeding
C.small farms cultivated on the “open-field”
D.new agricultural machinery invented by Jethro Tull
15. The two events which most alarmed the British ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century were .
A.the Enlightenment and Frence Revolution
B.the Industrial Revotution and French Revolution
C.the American War of Independence and French Revolution
D.the Hundred Years’ War and the American War of Independence
16.During the First World War,the Allies included .
A.France,Italy and Turkey
B.Britain,France and Russia
C.Germany and Austria-Hungary
D.Britain,Germany and Austriap-Hungary
17.As the oldest British institution ,the has lasted for more than 1000 years.
A.Cabinet B.Monarchy
C.Parliament D.Privy Concil
18.London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of .
A.Lord Chancellor B.Ministry of Justice
C.the Home Secretary D.the Attorney General
19. A who practices with 7000 patients or more in England may apply for fundholding status.
A.barrister B.professor
C.magistrate D.general practitioner
20.According to the textbook,the British public reads more than virtually any other country in the world.
A.novels B.magazines
C.newspapers D.scientific essays
21. According to the textbook,the five most populous cities in the United States are .
A.New York,Los Angeles,Chicago,Miami and Detroit
B.New York, Chicago,Los Angeles,Pittsburgh and Philadelphia
C.New York,Los Angeles,Chicago,New Orleans and Philadelphia
D.New York,Los Angeles,Chicago,San Francisco and Philadelphia
22. lived on the land by hunting,gathering,fishing and farming even before the discovery of the New World.
A.The Puritans B.The Indians
C.The Pilgrims D.The black slaves
23.The result of the War with Mexico was that .
A.Texas was added to the Union
B.the United States paid 10 million dollars to Mexico
C.Mexico agreed to give Louisiana to the United States
D. Mexico was forced to agree to give Califormia and New Mexico to the United States
24.The American Civil War ended in and cost American 618,000 lives.
A.1861 B.1863
C.1865 D.1873
25. was NOT among the contents of President Roosevelt’s New Deal.
A.Cancellation of federal labor laws
B.Establishing social security systems
C.Stimulating the recovery of industry and agriculture
D.Strengthening government regulation and control of banking, credit and currency systems
26.The leaders of the United States,the Soviet Union and met three times during the Second World War.
A.France B.Britain
C.Japan D.Germany
27.Through an executive order in 1947 started the violation of the Bill of Rights and widespread persecution of Communists and progressive people.
A.President Truman B.Senator McCarthy
C.General Marshall D.George Kennan
28.The great impacts of the Vietnam War on American society included the following EXCEPT that .
A.there was great unity within the ruling circle
B.the image of the United States was discredited
C.the United States was weakened because of the long war
D.people were divided in their attitudes towards American society
29. was the beginning of American involvement in Vietnam.
A.Japanese surrender in 1945
B.The outbreak of the Korean War
C.The French invasion of Indochina
D.Truman’s decision to send military aid to Vietnam to support the French
30. Which statement about the U.S.economy is NOT true?
A.It is both an economic and technological giant.
B.The U.S.is by far the biggest industrial country in the world.
C.It is first in such advanced fields as computers, space,nuclear energy and electronics.
D.It produces a major portion of the world’s industrial products and its share is growing rapidly.
31. In the U.S. produce about 85% of the total output of goods and services.
A.stare-run enterises
B.government enterprises
C.people in independent professional practice
D.the privately owned and operated businesses
32.U.S.Goverment involvement in the economy increased dramatically during the .
A.Great Depression B.period of prosperity
C.Second World War D.Progressive Movement
33.Which statement about the U.S.Constitution is NOT true?
A.The Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
B.The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.
C.The Constitution was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in the same year.
D.The Constitution has provided the basis for its political stability,economic growth and social progress.
34.In order to make sure than the new government would not misuse its powers,the writers of the Constitution set up a system of in the form of separation of powers.
A.winner-take-all B.mutual supervison
C.checks and balances D.voluntary supervision
35.Generally,the number of presidential electors in the U.S. is the number of Senators and Representatives each state has in Congress.
A.equal to B.less than
C.more than D.10% more than
36.There is a certain degree of similarity in the U.S. elementary school curriculun,which mainly consists of mastery of the “basics”,such as .
A.reading,writing and arithmetic B.science,visual arts and grammar
C.science,history and music D.reading,writing and music
37.In the early 1900s,the kind of two-year colleges that emerged to meet the immediate need of the economic expansion and rapid in immigrants of the times was the .
A.liberal arts college B.community college
C.research university D.doctoral university
38. is a historical,national and religious holiday that began with the Pilgrims.
A.Christmas day B.Thanksgiving Day
C.New Year’s Day D.Valentine’s Day
39. is regarded as Mark Twain’s master work.
A.The Gilded Age
B.Life on the Mississippi
C.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
D.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
40. was the spokesman for the “Lost Generation’.
A.Ernest Hemingway B.T.S.Eliot
C.Theodore Dreiser D.Richard Wright
41.Montreal became a major port in Canada because it is .
A.next to Ottawa
B.next to the city of Quebec
C.in the province of Quebec
D.on an island in the St.Lawremce River
42. According to the textbook,Canada is a country with a population of 26,300,000.
A.large/large B.small/large
C.large/small D.small/small
43. In 1885,the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed and the country was linked .
A.from north to south B.from coast to coast
C.with the United States D.with South America
44.There is official language(s) in Ireland.
A.one B.two
C.three D.four
45.In 1948,Ireland voted itself the commonweath and on April 18,1949 declared itself a republic.
A.into B.out of
C.a part of D.a member of
46.Australia ’s Eastern Highlands are better known as .
A.the Dividing Range B.the Great Barrier
C.the Great Dividing Range D.the Great Barrier Range
47. In 1996,Australia’s population is about 18 million or about people to the square kilometer.
A.two B. three
C.four D.five
48.In recent years Australian governments have encouraged people with different ethnic backgrounds to and this policy is called multiculturalism.
A.change their cultures
B.keep their own cultures
C.learn from other cultures
D.give up their own cultures
49.There are all over Newzealand.
A.bogs B.deserts
C.wetlands D.mountains
50.Waitangi Day is New Zealand’s .
A.Labor Day B.National Day
C.New Year’s Day D.Independence Day
非选择题部分
注意事项:
用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。
Ⅱ. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
51.In which year did the English navy defeat the Armada(the Spanish fleet),establishing England’s superiority as a naval power?
52.What were the two conflicting sides during the English Civil War in the 17th century?
53.When was Princess Elizabeth crowned Queen ElizabethⅡin Westminster Abbey?
54.What institution in the U.K.is the largest single employer of labor?
55.What accounts for a major source of population growth in the United States?
56.What incident made the United States formally declare war against the Axis powers in World WarⅡ?
57. What is the U.S.President’s official residence?
58.What are the three principal functions of the system of higher education in the United States?
59.What does the kiwi(a nocturnal bird)mean to the New Zealanders?
60.According to Australian Aboringinal culture,what is the relationship between the people and the environment?
Ⅲ.TERM EXPLATON
Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points each)
61.Alfred the Great
62.Thatcherism
63.American federal system
.The Progressive Movement