ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline
Stability Testing of
New Drug Substances and Products
Q1A(R2)
Current Step 4 version
dated 6 February 2003
This Guideline has been developed by the appropriate ICH Expert Working Group and has been subject to consultation by the regulatory parties, in accordance with the ICH Process. At Step 4 of the Process the final draft is recommended for adoption to the regulatory bodies of the European Union, Japan and USA.
ICH指导原则
新药物与新产品稳定性研究Q1A(R2)
2003.2.6现行第4版
Q1A(R2)
Document History
First Codification | History | Date | New Codification November 2005 |
Q1 | Approval by the Steering Committee under Step 2 and release for public consultation. | 16 September 1992 | Q1 |
Q1A | Approval by the Steering Committee under Step 4 and recommendation for adoption to the three ICH regulatory bodies. Q1 was renamed Q1A. | 27 October 1993 | Q1A |
Q1A(R) | Approval by the Steering Committee of the first revision under Step 2 and release for public consultation. | 7 October 1999 | Q1A(R1) |
Q1A(R) | Approval by the Steering Committee of the first revision under Step 4 and recommendation for adoption to the three ICH regulatory bodies. | 8 November 2000 | Q1A(R1) |
Q1A(R2) | Approval by the Steering Committee of the second revision directly under Step 4 without further public consultation, to include consequences of the adoption of Q1F (Stability Data Package for Registration Applications in Climatic Zones III and IV), and recommendation for adoption to the three ICH regulatory bodies. | 6 February 2003 | Q1A(R2) |
Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products
新药物与新产品稳定性研究Q1A(R)修正说明
The purpose of this note is to outline the changes made in Q1A(R) that result from adoption of ICH Q1F “Stability Data Package for Registration Applications in Climatic Zones III and IV”. These changes are:
本注释的目的是概述R1A(R)的变化,这些变化是因采纳了ICH Q1F,即“在气候带III和IV地区注册申请的稳定性研究要求”这一指导原则而产生的,内容包括:
1.The intermediate storage condition has been changed from 30°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% RH to 30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH in the following sections:
2.1.7.1 Drug Substance - Storage Conditions - General Case
2.2.7.1 Drug Product - Storage Conditions - General Case
2.2.7.3 Drug products packaged in semi-permeable containers
3 Glossary - “Intermediate testing”
下列章节中,中间放置环境由30℃±2℃/60%RH±5%修正为30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%
2.1.7.1 原料药-放置条件-一般情况
2.2.7.1 制剂-放置条件-一般情况
2.2.7.3 半渗透容器包装的制剂
3 术语-“中间试验”
2.30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH can be a suitable alternative long-term storage condition to 25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% in the following sections:
2.1.7.1 Drug Substance - Storage Conditions - General Case
2.2.7.1 Drug Product - Storage Conditions - General Case
在下列章节中,30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%可作为长期试验放置条件25℃±2℃/60%RH±5%
的合适替代条件:
2.1.7.1 原料药——放置条件—— 一般情况
2.2.7.1 制剂——放置条件—— 一般情况
3.30°C ± 2°C/35% RH ± 5% RH has been added as a suitable alternative long-term storage condition to 25°C ± 2°C/40% RH ± 5% and the corresponding example for the ratio of water-loss rates has been included in the following section:
2.2.7.3 Drug products packaged in semi-permeable containers
在下列章节中,30℃±2℃/35%RH±5%已作为长期放置条件5℃±2℃/40%RH±5%的合适替代条件,相应的计算失水率比值的例子已包括其中:
2.2.7.3半渗透容器包装的制剂
Mid-stream switch of the intermediate storage condition from 30°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% RH to 30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH can be appropriate provided that the respective storage conditions and the date of the switch are clearly documented and stated in the registration application.
中间放置条件可从30℃±2℃/60%RH±5%转为30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%,但必须清楚记录转换前后的放置条件和转换日期并在注册申请中阐明。
It is recommended that registration applications contain data from complete studies at the intermediate storage condition 30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH, if applicable, by three years after the date of publication of this revised guideline in the respective ICH tripartite region.
本修正指南颁布三年内,建议向各ICH机关提交的注册申请内容包括中间放置条件30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%的全部试验数据。
TABLE OF CONTENTS 目 录
Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products
新原料药及新制剂稳定性研究
1. INTRODUCTION引言
1.1 Objectives of the Guideline目的
The following guideline is a revised version of the ICH Q1A guideline and defines the stability data package for a new drug substance or drug product that is sufficient for a registration application within the three regions of the EC, Japan, and the United States. It does not seek necessarily to cover the testing for registration in or export to other areas of the world.
本指南为ICH Q1A修订版,界定了向欧盟、日本、美国三大机构提交新原料药和新制剂注册申请的稳定性数据包,无意满足向世界其他地区申报或出口药物之需。
The guideline seeks to exemplify the core stability data package for new drug substances and products, but leaves sufficient flexibility to encompass the variety of different practical situations that may be encountered due to specific scientific considerations and characteristics of the materials being evaluated. Alternative approaches can be used when there are scientifically justifiable reasons.
本指南致力于解释新原料药和新制剂稳定性数据包,鉴于所考察药物的性质和特定科研用途,针对各种不同实际情况本指南留有充足的可变通之处,只要有正当的科学依据就可以采用这些变通。
1.2 Scope of the Guideline 范围
The guideline addresses the information to be submitted in registration applications for new molecular entities and associated drug products. This guideline does not currently seek to cover the information to be submitted for abbreviated or abridged applications, variations, clinical trial applications, etc.
本指南介绍了用于新化合物及其相关制剂提交注册申请的信息,目前版本不包括简化或删节申请、申请变更及临床试验申请等所需提交的信息。
Specific details of the sampling and testing for particular dosage forms in their proposed container closures are not covered in this guideline.
已包装制剂的取样和检测细节问题在本指南中没有涉及到。
Further guidance on new dosage forms and on biotechnological/biological products can be found in ICH guidelines Q1C and Q5C, respectively.
新剂型、生物技术产品及生物制品分别参见ICH Q1C和Q5C.
1.3 General Principles通则
The purpose of stability testing is to provide evidence on how the quality of a drug substance or drug product varies with time under the influence of a variety of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light, and to establish a re-test period for the drug substance or a shelf life for the drug product and recommended storage conditions.
稳定性研究的目的是考察温度、湿度和光对原料药和制剂质量的影响随时间的变化,建立原料药复验期和制剂有效期,以供储存条件作参考。
The choice of test conditions defined in this guideline is based on an analysis of the effects of climatic conditions in the three regions of the EC, Japan and the United States. The mean kinetic temperature in any part of the world can be derived from climatic data, and the world can be divided into four climatic zones, I-IV. This guideline addresses climatic zones I and II. The principle has been established that stability information generated in any one of the three regions of the EC, Japan and the United States would be mutually acceptable to the other two regions, provided the information is consistent with this guideline and the labeling is in accord with national/regional requirements.
本指南中样品储存条件的选择是在对欧盟、日本、美国气候条件进行分析的基础上建立的,世界各地的动态温度可以从气候数据中得到,全世界可以划分为Ⅰ-Ⅳ四个气候带,本指南选择气候带Ⅰ和Ⅱ。原则上,如果稳定性数据与本指南一致,且标记符合当地要求,在欧盟、日本和美国任一地区做的稳定性数据都可以在另两个地区通用。
2. GUIDELINES指南
2.1 Drug Substance原料药
2.1.1 General概论
Information on the stability of the drug substance is an integral part of the systematic approach to stability evaluation.
原料药稳定性信息是稳定性系统评价的一个组成部分。
2.1.2 Stress Testing影响因素试验
Stress testing of the drug substance can help identify the likely degradation products, which can in turn help establish the degradation pathways and the intrinsic stability of the molecule and validate the stability indicating power of the analytical procedures used. The nature of the stress testing will depend on the individual drug substance and the type of drug product involved.
原料药影响因素试验可以帮助确定可能降解产物,反过来又可以帮助建立降解途径以及分子内在稳定性,验证所用分析方法的稳定性指示能力,影响因素试验的种类取决于所用原料药以及制剂类型。
Stress testing is likely to be carried out on a single batch of the drug substance. It should include the effect of temperatures (in 10°C increments (e.g., 50°C, 60°C, etc.) above that for accelerated testing), humidity (e.g., 75% RH or greater) where appropriate, oxidation, and photolysis on the drug substance. The testing should also evaluate the susceptibility of the drug substance to hydrolysis across a wide range of pH values when in solution or suspension. Photostability testing should be an integral part of stress testing. The standard conditions for photostability testing are described in ICH Q1B.
影响因素试验最好以原料药单批样品进行,应该包括温度(比加速试验高10℃(如50℃,60℃等)),需要时再加上湿度(如75%RH或更高),氧气和光照对原料药的影响。对于溶液或混悬液,检验还应包括在一个较宽pH范围内对原料药水解可能性的评价。光学稳定性试验应该是影响因素试验的一个组成部分,光学稳定性试验标准条件见ICH Q1B。
Examining degradation products under stress conditions is useful in establishing degradation pathways and developing and validating suitable analytical procedures. However, it may not be necessary to examine specifically for certain degradation products if it has been demonstrated that they are not formed under accelerated or long term storage conditions.
影响因素试验中对样品降解产物的研究有助于建立降解途径,建立和验证可行的分析方法。然而,如果确定影响因素试验中的降解产物在加速试验和长期实验中不会产生,则不必特定研究这些。
Results from these studies will form an integral part of the information provided to regulatory authorities.
以上研究的结果应整理成文并报告给管理部门。
2.1.3. Selection of Batches批的选择
Data from formal stability studies should be provided on at least three primary batches of the drug substance. The batches should be manufactured to a minimum of pilot scale by the same synthetic route as, and using a method of manufacture and procedure that simulates the final process to be used for, production batches. The overall quality of the batches of drug substance placed on formal stability studies should be representative of the quality of the material to be made on a production scale.
正式的稳定性研究数据应由至少三批原料药得出,这些批次应达到中放最低量;所采用的合成路线应与大生产一致,制备工艺和操作流程模拟最终生产过程。用于正式稳定性研究的原料药批次应具有代表性,产品质量可以代表最终产品。
Other supporting data can be provided.
其他有用数据也可以提供。
2.1.4. Container Closure System包装容器
The stability studies should be conducted on the drug substance packaged in a container closure system that is the same as or simulates the packaging proposed for storage and distribution.
用于稳定性研究的原料药应包装于与药物储存及运输相同或相似包装内。
2.1.5. Specification规范
Specification, which is a list of tests, reference to analytical procedures, and proposed acceptance criteria, is addressed in ICH Q6A and Q6B. In addition, specification for degradation products in a drug substance is discussed in Q3A.
规格作为检验、分析方法参考、预期验收标准的一系列要求,在ICH Q6A中有详细描述,关于药物降解产物规格的讨论在Q3A中。
Stability studies should include testing of those attributes of the drug substance that are susceptible to change during storage and are likely to influence quality, safety, and/or efficacy. The testing should cover, as appropriate, the physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological attributes. Validated stability-indicating analytical procedures should be applied. Whether and to what extent replication should be performed will depend on the results from validation studies.
稳定性研究应该包括对有可能造成改变药物包装的因素,以及可能影响药物质量、安全性或药效的因素的考察;检验内容应该涵盖物理、化学、生物及微生物方面;所采用的分析方法应该经过稳定性指示验证的。试验是否需要重复以及重复次数应该取决于验证性研究结果。
2.1.6. Testing Frequency检验频率
For long term studies, frequency of testing should be sufficient to establish the stability profile of the drug substance. For drug substances with a proposed re-test period of at least 12 months, the frequency of testing at the long term storage condition should normally be every 3 months over the first year, every 6 months over the second year, and annually thereafter through the proposed re-test period.
长期稳定性研究中检验频率以能够建立原料药稳定性特征为宜,对于预设复验期至少12个月的原料药,长期稳定性研究检验频率为:第1年每3个月一次,第二年每6个月一次,以后每年一次。
At the accelerated storage condition, a minimum of three time points, including the initial and final time points (e.g., 0, 3, and 6 months), from a 6-month study is recommended. Where an expectation (based on development experience) exists that results from accelerated studies are likely to approach significant change criteria, increased testing should be conducted either by adding samples at the final time point or by including a fourth time point in the study design.
在加速试验放置条件为期6个月的研究中,至少进行包括初次和末次的3个时间点(如0,3,6月)。根据研发经验,预计加速试验结果可能会接近显著变化限度,则应在最后一个时间点增加样本数或在研究设计中增加第4个时间点。
When testing at the intermediate storage condition is called for as a result of significant change at the accelerated storage condition, a minimum of four time points, including the initial and final time points (e.g., 0, 6, 9, 12 months), from a 12-month study is recommended.
当加速试验结果产生了显著变化,则应进行中间放置条件下的试验,建议进行为期12个月的研究,取样时间点包括起始和结束在内的四个时间点(如1,6,9,12月)。
2.1.7 Storage Conditions放置条件
In general, a drug substance should be evaluated under storage conditions (with appropriate tolerances) that test its thermal stability and, if applicable, its sensitivity to moisture. The storage conditions and the lengths of studies chosen should be sufficient to cover storage, shipment, and subsequent use.
通常,药物需要在储存条件下评价,测试其热稳定性,必要时也检验其对湿度的敏感性。放置条件及考察时间的选择应考虑到储存、运输及应用的整个过程。
The long term testing should cover a minimum of 12 months’ duration on at least three primary batches at the time of submission and should be continued for a period of time sufficient to cover the proposed re-test period. Additional data accumulated during the assessment period of the registration application should be submitted to the authorities if requested. Data from the accelerated storage condition and, if appropriate, from the intermediate storage condition can be used to evaluate the effect of short term excursions outside the label storage conditions (such as might occur during shipping).
长期稳定性试验应届时提交至少包括三批最初样品12个月的数据,试验应继续进行以达到设定的复验期,如果需要,申报期间的实验数据也应该提交审批机构。如果可以,中间条件下的加速实验数据可以用于评价储存条件偏差对药物的影响(如运输过程中可能发生的情况)
Long term, accelerated, and, where appropriate, intermediate storage conditions for drug substances are detailed in the sections below. The general case applies if the drug substance is not specifically covered by a subsequent section. Alternative storage conditions can be used if justified.
长期、加速或中间放置条件下药物实验安排具体如以下部分,如果下面个部分中没有准确包括适合该药物的情况,可以采用通常条件。经评价,试验条件可更改。
2.1.7.1 General case一般情况
Study | Storage condition | Minimum time period covered by data at submission |
Long term* | 25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% RH or 0°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH | 12 months |
Intermediate** | 30°C ± 2°C/65% RH ± 5% RH | 6 months |
Accelerated | 40°C ± 2°C/75% RH ± 5% RH | 6 months |
研究内容 | 放置条件 | 申报文件涵盖的 最少时间周期 |
长期实验﹡ | 25℃±2℃/60%RH±5%RH或 30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%RH | 12月 |
中间条件﹡﹡ | 30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%RH | 6月 |
加速试验 | 40℃±2℃/75%RH±5%RH | 6月 |
取决于申报人所选择的长期稳定性试验是在25℃±2℃/60%RH±5%RH还是30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%RH条件下进行的。
﹡﹡ If 30°C 2°C/65% RH 5% RH is the long-term condition, there is no intermediate condition.
如果长期稳定性试验是在30℃±2℃/65%RH±5%RH条件下进行的,则无需中间条件试验。
If long-term studies are conducted at 25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% RH and “significant change” occurs at any time during 6 months’ testing at the accelerated storage condition, additional testing at the intermediate storage condition should be conducted and evaluated against significant change criteria. Testing at the intermediate storage condition should include all tests, unless otherwise justified. The initial application should include a minimum of 6 months’ data from a 12-month study at the intermediate storage condition.
如果长期稳定性试验是在25度,相对湿度65%下进行,加速试验6个月内发生“显著变化”,则中间条件实验样品需增加针对“显著变化”的检测项目。若无修正,中间条件实验样品的检测应包括所有项目,初步申报应包括中间条件下实验样品12个月数据中的至少6个月数据。
“Significant change” for a drug substance is defined as failure to meet its specification.
针对原料药的“显著变化”指的是可以造成样品专属性不符的变化。
2.1.7.2 Drug substances intended for storage in a refrigerator拟冷藏的药物
Study | Storage condition | Minimum time period covered by data at submission |
Long term | 5°C ± 3°C | 12 months |
Accelerated | 25°C ± 2°C/60% RH ± 5% RH | 6 months |
研究内容 | 放置条件 | 申报文件涵盖的最少时间周期 |
长期实验 | 5℃±3℃ | 12月 |
加速试验 | 25℃±2℃/60%RH±5%RH | 6月 |
若非下文明确指出,冷藏储存样品实验数据应照本指导原则评价部分进行评估。
If significant change occurs between 3 and 6 months’ testing at the accelerated storage condition, the proposed re-test period should be based on the real time data available at the long term storage condition.
如果加速试验3-6个月期间发生显著变化,预设的再检测应基于长期实验实际时间所得数据。
If significant change occurs within the first 3 months’ testing at the accelerated storage condition, a discussion should be provided to address the effect of short term excursions outside the label storage condition, e.g., during shipping or handling. This discussion can be supported, if appropriate, by further testing on a single batch of the drug substance for a period shorter than 3 months but with more frequent testing than usual. It is considered unnecessary to continue to test a drug substance through 6 months when a significant change has occurred within the first 3 months.
如果加速试验3个月以内发生显著性变化,应讨论短时储存条件偏差(如运输或处理)对药物的影响。如果条件允许,可以采用单批药物进行3个月之内的试验,试验期间增加检测频率,以使佐证讨论内容。如果加速试验3个月以内发生显著性变化,则认为不必继续完成6个月的试验。
2.1.7.3 Drug substances intended for storage in a freezer需冷冻贮藏的药物
Study | Storage condition | Minimum time period covered by data at submission |
Long term | - 20°C ± 5°C | 12 months |
研究内容 | 放置条件 | 申报文件涵盖的最少时间周期 |
长期实验 | -20℃±5℃ | 12月 |
需冷冻保存的药物,再检测周期应基于长期放置条件下具体时间数据,需冷冻储存的药物若无加速实验数据,则应取一批样品在升高温度(如5℃±3℃或25℃±2℃)条件下适当时间间隔内进行试验,以测试短时放置条件偏差(如运输或处理)对药物的影响.
2.1.7.4 Drug substances intended for storage below -20°C 拟20℃以下贮藏的药物
Drug substances intended for storage below -20°C should be treated on a case-by-case basis.
需20℃以下储存的药物应视情况而定。
2.1.8. Stability Commitment稳定性承诺
When available long term stability data on primary batches do not cover the proposed re-test period granted at the time of approval, a commitment should be made to continue the stability studies post approval in order to firmly establish the re-test period.
如果最初批次长期稳定性研究可得数据未能涵盖批准时预设的复验期,为严格建立复验期,应在批准后做出继续进行稳定性研究的承诺。
Where the submission includes long term stability data on three production batches covering the proposed re-test period, a post approval commitment is considered unnecessary. Otherwise, one of the following commitments should be made:
提交的申请中长期稳定性试验数据如果可以涵盖预设的复验期,则不必作批准后承诺,否则应该作出下列承诺之一:
1. If the submission includes data from stability studies on at least three production batches, a commitment should be made to continue these studies through the proposed re-test period.
提交的申请中包括至少三批样品进行的稳定性研究数据,则应作出预设复验期继续进行研究的承诺。
2. If the submission includes data from stability studies on fewer than three production batches, a commitment should be made to continue these studies through the proposed re-test period and to place additional production batches, to a total of at least three, on long term stability studies through the proposed re-test period.
如果提交的申请中稳定性研究少于三批样品,应承诺预设复验期继续进行研究,并在预设复验期长期稳定性研究中增加检验批次至至少三批。
3. If the submission does not include stability data on production batches, a commitment should be made to place the first three production batches on long term stability studies through the proposed re-test period.
如果提交的申请中不包括产品批的稳定性数据,则应承诺增加最初三个产品批用于预设复验期的长期稳定性研究。
The stability protocol used for long term studies for the stability commitment should be the same as that for the primary batches, unless otherwise scientifically justified.
若无其他科研性修正,用于稳定性承诺的长期稳定性研究计划应与最初几批保持一致。
2.1.9. Evaluation样品评价
The purpose of the stability study is to establish, based on testing a minimum of three batches of the drug substance and evaluating the stability information (including, as appropriate, results of the physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological tests), a re-test period applicable to all future batches of the drug substance manufactured under similar circumstances. The degree of variability of individual batches affects the confidence that a future production batch will remain within specification throughout the assigned re-test period.
稳定性研究的目的在于,通过进行至少3个批次的原料药检测,评估药物稳定性情况(包括物理、化学、生物学、微生物学方面),为所有将来采用相似环境生产的原料药建立复验期。各批产品的变化情况会影响产品在既定复验期期间与规格的相符性。
The data may show so little degradation and so little variability that it is apparent from looking at the data that the requested re-test period will be granted. Under these circumstances, it is normally unnecessary to go through the formal statistical analysis; providing a justification for the omission should be sufficient.
药物既定复验期数据显示很少量的降解和改变,在这种情况下,如果有充分的理由,则不必进行正式的统计学分析。
An approach for analyzing the data on a quantitative attribute that is expected to change with time is to determine the time at which the 95% one-sided confidence limit for the mean curve intersects the acceptance criterion. If analysis shows that the batch-to-batch variability is small, it is advantageous to combine the data into one overall estimate. This can be done by first applying appropriate statistical tests (e.g., p values for level of significance of rejection of more than 0.25) to the slopes of the regression lines and zero time intercepts for the individual batches. If it is inappropriate to combine data from several batches, the overall re-test period should be based on the minimum time a batch can be expected to remain within acceptance criteria.
分析药物含量随时间变化数据的方法是确定平均值曲线的95%单侧置信区间与可接受标准交点的时间,如果分析显示批次之间差异很小,可以合并数据进行综合估算。通过对每一个批次的曲线斜率和截矩进行统计学检验判断是否具有显著性差异(如P>0.25),如果不能合并批间数据,则总复验期为可接受标准范围内的最短时间批数据。
The nature of any degradation relationship will determine whether the data should be transformed for linear regression analysis. Usually the relationship can be represented by a linear, quadratic, or cubic function on an arithmetic or logarithmic scale. Statistical methods should be employed to test the goodness of fit of the data on all batches and combined batches (where appropriate) to the assumed degradation line or curve.
降解产物的线性决定了其数据是否需要进行线性回归分析,通常其数学或对数线性关系可以表现为直线方程、二次方程或三次方程, 运用统计学方法检验所有批或合并批数据与预测直线或曲线型降解数据相符和的程度。
Limited extrapolation of the real time data from the long term storage condition beyond the observed range to extend the re-test period can be undertaken at approval time, if justified. This justification should be based on what is known about the mechanism of degradation, the results of testing under accelerated conditions, the goodness of fit of any mathematical model, batch size, existence of supporting stability data, etc. However, this extrapolation assumes that the same degradation relationship will continue to apply beyond the observed data.
在降解机理已知、加速试验结果、各数学模型及批大小相符性良好、存在稳定性数据等的基础上,进行测评。经评测,可以对超出实际检测范围的长期储存条件真实时间数据进行一定程度的外推,以扩展复验期。
Any evaluation should cover not only the assay, but also the levels of degradation products and other appropriate attributes.
除了进行分析,评价还应该包括降解产物以及其他可能的水平。
2.1.10. Statements/Labeling说明与标签
A storage statement should be established for the labeling in accordance with relevant national/regional requirements. The statement should be based on the stability evaluation of the drug substance. Where applicable, specific instructions should be provided, particularly for drug substances that cannot tolerate freezing. Terms such as “ambient conditions” or “room temperature” should be avoided.
应该针对相关国家或地区制定样品储存说明标签,说明要根据原料药稳定性评价制定。如果需要,应该说明所需的特殊装置,特别是不能耐冷冻的的药物。应避免出现“环境条件”或“室温”等词汇。
A re-test period should be derived from the stability information, and a retest date should be displayed on the container label if appropriate.
复验期应该是根据稳定性信息得出的,复测数据应该在容器标签上注明。
2.2. 制剂(略)
3. GLOSSARY术语表
The following definitions are provided to facilitate interpretation of the guideline.
Accelerated testing
Studies designed to increase the rate of chemical degradation or physical change of a drug substance or drug product by using exaggerated storage conditions as part of the formal stability studies. Data from these studies, in addition to long term stability studies, can be used to assess longer term chemical effects at non-accelerated conditions and to evaluate the effect of short term excursions outside the label storage conditions such as might occur during shipping. Results from accelerated testing studies are not always predictive of physical changes.
Bracketing
The design of a stability schedule such that only samples on the extremes of certain design factors, e.g., strength, package size, are tested at all time points as in a full design. The design assumes that the stability of any intermediate levels is represented by the stability of the extremes tested. Where a range of strengths is to be tested, bracketing is applicable if the strengths are identical or very closely related in composition (e.g., for a tablet range made with different compression weights of a similar basic granulation, or a capsule range made by filling different plug fill weights of the same basic composition into different size capsule shells). Bracketing can be applied to different container sizes or different fills in the same container closure system.
Climatic zones
The four zones in the world that are distinguished by their characteristic prevalent annual climatic conditions. This is based on the concept described by W. Grimm (Drugs Made in Germany, 28:196-202, 1985 and 29:39-47, 1986).
Commitment batches
Production batches of a drug substance or drug product for which the stability studies are initiated or completed post approval through a commitment made in the registration application.
Container closure system
The sum of packaging components that together contain and protect the dosage form. This includes primary packaging components and secondary packaging components, if the latter are intended to provide additional protection to the drug product. A packaging system is equivalent to a container closure system.
Dosage form
A pharmaceutical product type (e.g., tablet, capsule, solution, cream) that contains a drug substance generally, but not necessarily, in association with excipients.
Drug product
The dosage form in the final immediate packaging intended for marketing.
Drug substance
The unformulated drug substance that may subsequently be formulated with excipients to produce the dosage form.
Excipient
Anything other than the drug substance in the dosage form.
Expiration date
The date placed on the container label of a drug product designating the time prior to which a batch of the product is expected to remain within the approved shelf life specification if stored under defined conditions, and after which it must not be used.
Formal stability studies
Long term and accelerated (and intermediate) studies undertaken on primary and/or commitment batches according to a prescribed stability protocol to establish or confirm the re-test period of a drug substance or the shelf life of a drug product.
Impermeable containers
Containers that provide a permanent barrier to the passage of gases or solvents, e.g., sealed aluminum tubes for semi-solids, sealed glass ampoules for solutions.
Intermediate testing
Studies conducted at 30°C/65% RH and designed to moderately increase the rate of chemical degradation or physical changes for a drug substance or drug product intended to be stored long term at 25°C.
Long term testing
Stability studies under the recommended storage condition for the re-test period or shelf life proposed (or approved) for labeling.
Mass balance
The process of adding together the assay value and levels of degradation products to see how closely these add up to 100% of the initial value, with due consideration of the margin of analytical error.
Matrixing
The design of a stability schedule such that a selected subset of the total number of possible samples for all factor combinations is tested at a specified time point. At a subsequent time point, another subset of samples for all factor combinations is tested. The design assumes that the stability of each subset of samples tested represents the stability of all samples at a given time point. The differences in the samples for the same drug product should be identified as, for example, covering different batches, different strengths, different sizes of the same container closure system, and, possibly in some cases, different container closure systems.
Mean kinetic temperature
A single derived temperature that, if maintained over a defined period of time, affords the same thermal challenge to a drug substance or drug product as would be experienced over a range of both higher and lower temperatures for an equivalent defined period. The mean kinetic temperature is higher than the arithmetic mean temperature and takes into account the Arrhenius equation.
When establishing the mean kinetic temperature for a defined period, the formula of J. D. Haynes (J. Pharm. Sci., 60:927-929, 1971) can be used.
New molecular entity
An active pharmaceutical substance not previously contained in any drug product registered with the national or regional authority concerned. A new salt, ester, or non-covalent-bond derivative of an approved drug substance is considered a new molecular entity for the purpose of stability testing under this guidance.
Pilot scale batch
A batch of a drug substance or drug product manufactured by a procedure fully representative of and simulating that to be applied to a full production scale batch. For solid oral dosage forms, a pilot scale is generally, at a minimum, one-tenth that of a full production scale or 100,000 tablets or capsules, whichever is the larger.
Primary batch
A batch of a drug substance or drug product used in a formal stability study, from which stability data are submitted in a registration application for the purpose of establishing a re-test period or shelf life, respectively. A primary batch of a drug substance should be at least a pilot scale batch. For a drug product, two of the three batches should be at least pilot scale batch, and the third batch can be smaller if it is representative with regard to the critical manufacturing steps. However, a primary batch may be a production batch.
Production batch
A batch of a drug substance or drug product manufactured at production scale by using production equipment in a production facility as specified in the application.
Re-test date
The date after which samples of the drug substance should be examined to ensure that the material is still in compliance with the specification and thus suitable for use in the manufacture of a given drug product.
Re-test period
The period of time during which the drug substance is expected to remain within its specification and, therefore, can be used in the manufacture of a given drug product, provided that the drug substance has been stored under the defined conditions. After this period, a batch of drug substance destined for use in the manufacture of a drug product should be re-tested for compliance with the specification and then used immediately. A batch of drug substance can be re-tested multiple times and a different portion of the batch used after each re-test, as long as it continues to comply with the specification. For most biotechnological/biological substances known to be labile, it is more appropriate to establish a shelf life than a re-test period. The same may be true for certain antibiotics.
Semi-permeable containers
Containers that allow the passage of solvent, usually water, while preventing solute loss. The mechanism for solvent transport occurs by absorption into one container surface, diffusion through the bulk of the container material, and desorption from the other surface. Transport is driven by a partial-pressure gradient. Examples of semi-permeable containers include plastic bags and semi-rigid, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches for large volume parenterals (LVPs), and LDPE ampoules, bottles, and vials.
Shelf life (also referred to as expiration dating period)
The time period during which a drug product is expected to remain within the approved shelf life specification, provided that it is stored under the conditions defined on the container label.
Specification
See Q6A and Q6B.
Specification – Release
The combination of physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological tests and acceptance criteria that determine the suitability of a drug product at the time of its release.
Specification - Shelf life
The combination of physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological tests and acceptance criteria that determine the suitability of a drug substance throughout its re-test period, or that a drug product should meet throughout its shelf life.
Storage condition tolerances
The acceptable variations in temperature and relative humidity of storage facilities for formal stability studies. The equipment should be capable of controlling the storage condition within the ranges defined in this guideline. The actual temperature and humidity (when controlled) should be monitored during stability storage. Short term spikes due to opening of doors of the storage facility are accepted as unavoidable. The effect of excursions due to equipment failure should be addressed, and reported if judged to affect stability results. Excursions that exceed the defined tolerances for more than 24 hours should be described in the study report and their effect assessed.
Stress testing (drug substance)
Studies undertaken to elucidate the intrinsic stability of the drug substance. Such testing is part of the development strategy and is normally carried out under more severe conditions than those used for accelerated testing.
Stress testing (drug product)
Studies undertaken to assess the effect of severe conditions on the drug product. Such studies include photostability testing (see ICH Q1B) and specific testing on certain products, (e.g., metered dose inhalers, creams, emulsions, refrigerated aqueous liquid products).
Supporting data
Data, other than those from formal stability studies, that support the analytical procedures, the proposed re-test period or shelf life, and the label storage statements. Such data include (1) stability data on early synthetic route batches of drug substance, small scale batches of materials, investigational formulations not proposed for marketing, related formulations, and product presented in containers and closures other than those proposed for marketing; (2) information regarding test results on containers; and (3) other scientific rationales.
4. REFERENCES 参考文献(略)