2019高考英语精编优选练(三十三)中华传统文化增分练_阅读理解2

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A

If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinü， or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way.

Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August.

Once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sister­in­law. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for company.

The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth.

One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth.Among them was Zhinü， the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress.

The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and a daughter.

Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinü back.

Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinü had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang's misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died.

The magic shoes whisked Niulang off on a chase after the empress.

The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife.

But magpies, moved by their love, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family.

Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinü to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month.

This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC－220AD).

[语篇解读]　文章讲述了七夕节的来历。

1．Why did Niulang leave home?

A．He wanted to try a new life.

B．He hated his brother and sister­in­law.

C．His sister­in­law treated him badly.

D．His family was too poor.

解析：根据文章第三段“But she disliked and abused him”可知，答案选C。其他

三个选项文章未涉及。

答案：C

2．Who has the biggest power in Taoism?

A．Jade Emperor.　　　　　　B．The empress.

C．Leader of the troop. D．Magpie.

解析：根据文章第七段“Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor，the Supreme Deity in Taoism”可知Jade Emperor 是至高无上的神，故答案选A。

答案：A

3．What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 8?

A．Bone. B．Fur.

C．Body. D．Feet.

解析：根据文章，牛死后能做成鞋子的部位应该是它的皮，故选B。

答案：B

B

Peking Opera is being introduced to primary and middle school students in

an effort to promote the traditional art to the younger generation.

The country's first set of textbooks about Peking Opera was compiled and published by the Beijing Association of Promoting Quintessence of Chinese Culture and People's Education Press in 2015.

The textbooks for optional courses have been put on trial use in middle schools in Fengtai district and will be used in middle schools across the city. The textbooks for primary schools will also be rolled_out.

Since 2008, Beijing has promoted a program to provide opera training at dozens of primary schools. Schools apply for funds from the city's education department to hire professional actors and actresses to work with students as young as 6 or 7.

Peking Opera arose during the rule of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (14 － 1911). It flourished for decades in China and as its fame spread, itdrew audiences in other countries, including the United States and Japan.

Yet over the years, its popularity diminished. While a significant number of people listened to radio productions of Peking Opera before the 1980s, generations born after that pursued pop culture over the traditional arts.

　[语篇解读]　为了使年轻一代更好地传承中国传统文化，京剧正在被引入中小学课堂。

4．What is the purpose of introducing Peking Opera to primary and middle school students?

A．To make their horizons broader.

B．To increase their knowledge.

C．To find their interest.

D．To make Peking Opera inherited.

解析：根据文章第一段to promote the traditional art to the younger generation可知，目的是传承这一传统文化。故选D，让京剧被传承下去。

答案：D

5．What is the meaning of the underlined words in Paragraph 3?

A．sold out　　　　　　　　B．printed out

C．released D．delivered

解析：根据第三段，京剧教材首先在丰台区中学试用，然后推广到整个城市中学，小学版教材也将推出。

答案：C

6．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．The introduction process can't be completed very soon.

B．Since 2008, dozens of primary schools have started to provide opera training.

C．Peking Opera dates from Emperor Qianlong.

D．Peking Opera was popular with audiences from the United States and Japan.

解析：根据文章第二、三、四段可知将京剧引入中小学课堂开始于2008年，这一过程需要一步步去完成，故选A。而其他三个选项不是推断出的信息。

答案：A

7．What's the attitude of generations born after the 1980s towards Peking Opera?

A．Like.　　　　　　　B．Dislike.

C．Hate. D．Don't care.解析：根据文章最后一段可知，相比传统文化，这代人更喜欢流行文化。故选B。

答案：B

C

As the Chinese Mid­Autumn Festival approaches, mooncakes are turning up all over China, from traditional teashops to Starbucks counters. The holiday is one of China's four most important festivals, and in the weeks before the date arrives, top hotels get into the spirit with lavish (奢华) treats in lovely packaging. Traditionally, the cookie­sized round pastry (馅饼) has a rich thick filling usually made from red­bean or lotus­seed paste and covered by a thin crust. It may also contain yolks from salted duck eggs, integrating a beautiful savory tinge into the sugary taste. Fillings and crusts have become more diverse over time, especially in the hands of skilled pastry chefs. The mooncakes in Chinese culture represent homesickness, and the top crust of each moon­shaped pastry is generally imprinted with the Chinese characters for longevity or harmony.

This year, the fancy gift boxes that have long driven the mooncake trade are particularly striking and rich with tradition.

For example, the Fairmont Peace Hotel in Shanghai, built in 1929 and a magnet for Hollywood celebrities in the 1930s, has prepared a selection of mooncake gift boxes with designs inspired by the beauty and elegance of the hotel's famous art deco style. The simplest box of four pieces (red­bean paste, creamy custard, plain cheese, green­bean paste) is 198 yuan($29.), while more lavish selections of five or six pieces, including mooncakes with egg yolk, run up to 338 yuan for a box.

Beijing's Nuo Hotel, meanwhile, has created Ming Dynasty (1368 － 14) inspired mooncake gift packs based on the design of porcelain vases in the hotel lobby, with the essence of landscape painting using Zhang Dai's poetic passages to show the peaceful harmony of man and nature. The box of six is 158 yuan, and includes mooncakes ranging from cheese mango to charcoal burning fragrant Pu'er tea and white lotus with egg yolk. A box of eight cakes of different flavors is 228 yuan.

[语篇解读]　中秋是中国的传统节日，月饼是该节日的代表食品。文章从月饼的馅料到月饼的象征意义然后到月饼的包装做了介绍。

8．What feeling does the mooncake stand for in our country?A．Separation.　　　　　　　B．Harmony.

C．Homesick. D．Happiness.

解析：细节理解题。根据首段最后一句话“The mooncakes in Chinese culture represent homesickness, and the top crust of each moon­shaped pastry is generally imprinted with the Chinese characters for longevity or harmony.”可知“月饼寄托了人们的思乡之情。通常每个月亮形状的糕点的最外层都印有象征长寿和美满

的美好祝愿的中国汉字。”

答案：C

9．Which place selling mooncakes is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．Hotels. B．Teashops.

C．Starbucks. D．Stations.

解析：细节理解题。首段首句中提到了B、C两项；最后两段提到了A。因此没有提及的是D。

答案：D

10．What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us about mooncakes?

A．The high price. B．The various shapes.

C．The rich fillings. D．The fancy boxes.

解析：主旨大意题。文章最后两段是倒数第三段的两个例子，由倒数第三段的“the fancy gift boxes that...”可知答案。

答案：D

11．What kind of mooncakes is NOT made by Beijing's Nuo Hotel?

A．Charcoal burning fragrant Pu'er tea.

B．Cheese mango.

C．White lotus with egg yolk.

D．Green­bean paste.

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句话可知A、B、C三项都是Beijing's

Nuo Hotel制作的。由倒数第二段的最后一句可知D项指代的内容是由上海和平饭店制作的。

答案：D

D

Confucius is one of a handful of individuals who have shaped world history. His fame can be compared to great leaders and emperors, but Confucius neither commanded an army nor ruled a state yet his teachings shaped the soul of China. Confucianism，the great system of moral philosophy, or Confucius as he is knownin the West, became the basis for personal and government morality in China. For a period of almost 1,500 years, the teachings of Confucius formed the basis of the Chinese state religion. Even today his teachings continue to influence modern China and its culture.

Confucius was born in the year 551 B．C. in the state of Lu, in what is now the modern Chinese province of Shandong. At the age of 19, Confucius married and entered into government service for the state of Lu. He also began acquiring a band of disciples who were drawn to his teachings about personal behaviour and morality.

In 497 B．C. when Confucius was 54 years old, he was forced to leave the state. He traveled throughout China, surrounded by a band of faithful followers, teaching his moral philosophy. He eventually returned to his native state of Lu, where he attempted to influence the ruler.

Confucius died in 479 B．C. His son and his most promising pupils had died before him and it seemed that his teachings would not take root. But his students had collected many of his sayings in a book which came to be known as The Analects of Confucius, and in time the seeds that Confucius had planted took root and spread throughout China. In time, Confucianism became the official state religion of China.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇人物传记，简述了孔子的生平、《论语》的形成及其对中国文化的影响。

12．Which of the following statements can best describe the influence of Confucius?

A．He is one of the greatest leaders in the world history.

B．He is one of the few persons who have influenced the world history greatly.

C．His contributions to the world are only second to those of some great leaders.

D．Confucianism is still the basis of the Chinese state religion.

解析：细节理解题。“Confucius is one of a handful of individuals who have shaped world history.” (第一段第一句)在为数不多的影响世界历史发展的人物中，孔子就是其中之一。可知，孔子是少数影响世界历史发展的人物之一。故选B。

答案：B

13．The following facts can reflect the popularity of Confucianism EXCEPT

2

“________”．

A．Many students studied under Confucius in his early life.

B．Many students followed Confucius when he traveled around China.

C．After Confucius passed away, his students circulated his thoughts.

D．Many kings invited Confucius to help with their rule.

解析：细节理解题。He also began acquiring a band of disciples who were drawn to his teachings about personal behaviour and morality.(第二段最后一句)可知，A项符合文意；He traveled through China, surrounded by a band of faith followers，teaching his moral philosopy(第三段第二句)可知，B项符合文意；But his students had collected many of his sayings in a book...(第二段倒数第二句)可知，C项符合文意。而D项在文中并没有提到。故选D。

答案：D

14．It can be inferred from the text that ________.

A．everybody in ancient China believed in Confucianism

B．Confucius may not have been so successful in his political life

C．Confucius is the most powerful person in shaping the world history

D．Confucianism doesn't have any effect on Chinese culture any longer

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“At the age of 19, Confucius married and entered into government service for the state of Lu.”及第三段中“In 497 B．C. when confucius was 54 years old, he was forced to leave the state.”可推知，孔子在政治上并不成功。故选B。

答案：B

15．The best title of the text is “________”．

A．The Life Story of Confucius

B．The Influence of Confucius Thoughts

C．The Political Life of Confucius

D．The Ups and Downs in the Life of Confucius

解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段写了孔子的成就和影响；第二、三段写了孔子早期的政治生涯和中后期的教学生涯；最后一段写了《论语》的问世使孔子学说在中国开花结果。从全文的结构可以看出，本文是孔子的传记。故选A。

答案：A

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