
∙Android 项目的目录结构说明
∙写一个简单的 Hello World 程序
一、在 Windows 下搭建 Android 开发环境
1、安装 JDK (Java Development Kit)
http://download.java.net/jdk6/
2、安装 Android SDK
http://developer.android.com/sdk
3、安装 Eclipse
http://www.eclipse.org/
4、打开 Eclipse ,并安装其 Android 插件(ADT)
打开菜单 "Help" -> "Install New Software",在 "Availabe Software" 中加入地址 http://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/ ,然后安装 ADT(Android Development Tools)
5、新建 Android 项目
"New" -> Android Project,Project Name - 项目名称;Build Target - 编译项目的 SDK 版本;Application name - 程序名称;Package name - 包名;Min SDK Version - 程序所支持的最低 SDK 版本代号(2 对应 1.1,3 对应 1.5,4 对应 1.6)
6、运行 Android 项目
打开菜单 "Run" -> "Run Configurations" -> New launch configuration,设置启动项目名称,
在 Android 选项卡中选择启动项目,在 Target 选项卡中设置模拟器
7、创建/使用模拟 SD 卡
创建 SD 卡,运行类似如下命令:mksdcard -l sdcard 512M d:\\android\\sdcard.img
模拟器中使用 SD 卡,在项目配置的 Target 选项卡的 "Additional Emulator Command Line Options" 框中输入类似如下参数:-sdcard d:\\android\\sdcard.img
8、配置模拟器
运行类似如下命令:android create avd --name android15 --target 2。
或者直接在菜单 "Window" -> "Android AVD Manager" 中配置模拟器
9、浏览模拟 SD 卡中的内容
调试程序,在 DDMS 中选择 "File Explorer" ,在其中的 sdcard 目录下就是模拟 SD 卡中的内容
10、查看日志 LogCat
Window -> Show View -> Other -> Android -> LogCat
11、在模拟器中安装/卸载 apk
安装 apk 运行类似如下命令:adb install name.apk;
卸载 apk 运行类似如下命令:adb uninstall packagename(注:这里的参数是需要卸载的包名)
12、反编译 Android 程序
解压 apk 文件,取出其中的 classes.dex 文件,运行类似如下命令:dexdump.exe -d classes.dex > dump.txt(其意思是将 classes.dex dump 出来,并将反编译后的代码保存到指定的文本文件中)
13、人品不好是出现的某些错误的解决办法
如果出现类似如下的错误等
no classfiles specified--没有指定的类文件
Conversion to Dalvik format failed with error 1 --Dalvik格式转换失败
解决办法:Project -> Clean
出现 Android SDK Content Loader 60% (一直卡在 60%)
解决办法:Project -> 去掉 Build Automatically 前面的勾
14、查看 SDK 源代码
先想办法搞到源代码,如这个地址 http://www.digginmobile.com/android.asp ,然后将其解压到 SDK 根路径下的 sources 文件夹内即可
二、Android 项目的目录结构
1、src - 用于放置源程序
2、gen - 自动生成 R.java 文件,用于引用资源文件(即 res 目录下的数据)
3、assets - 用于放置原始文件,Android 不会对此目录下的文件做任何处理,这是其与 res 目录不同的地方
4、res - /drawable - 用于放置图片之类的资源;
/layout - 用于放置布局用的 xml 文件;
/values - 用于放置一些常量数据
5、AndroidManifest.xml - Android 程序的清单文件,相当于配置文件,配置应用程序名称、图标、Activity、Service、Receiver等
三、Hello World 程序
1、res/layout/main.xml
代码
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/layout" > android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/txt" />
2、res/values/strings.xml
代码
3、res/drawable 目录下放置一个名为的图片文件
4、AndroidManifest.xml
代码
android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
5、Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.hello;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class Main extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// 将指定的布局文件作为 Activity 所显示的内容
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// 动态地在指定的容器控件上添加新的控件
TextView txt = new TextView(this);
txt.setText("动态添加控件");
// setContentView(txt);
((LinearLayout)this.findViewById(R.id.layout)).addView(txt);
// 引用资源文件内的内容作为输出内容
TextView txt1 = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txt);
txt1.setText(this.getString(R.string.hello2));
}
}
系出名门Android(2) - 布局(Layout)和菜单(Menu)
作者:webabcd
介绍
在 Android 中各种布局的应用,以及菜单效果的实现
∙各种布局方式的应用,FrameLayout, LinearLayout, TableLayout, AbsoluteLayout, RelativeLayout
∙为指定元素配置上下文菜单,为应用程序配置选项菜单,以及多级菜单的实现
1、各种布局方式的演示
res/layout/main.xml
代码
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:text="FrameLayout"> android:text="Frame Layout"> android:text="@string/hello" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:collapseColumns="1"> android:layout_height="wrap_content"> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="行1列1" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="行1列2" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="行1列3" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content"> android:text="行2列1" /> android:text="AbsoluteLayout" android:layout_x="100px" android:layout_y="100px" /> android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="centerInParent=true" android:layout_centerInParent="true" /> android:text="marginLeft=20px" android:layout_marginLeft="20px" /> android:text="xxx" android:layout_below="@id/abc" android:layout_alignRight="@id/abc" />
res/values/strings.xml
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.layout;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class Main extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
}
2、上下文菜单,选项菜单,子菜单
res/layout/main.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
res/values/strings.xml
代码
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.menu;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
// 演示两种菜单的实现方式:上下文菜单(通过在某元素上长按,来呼出菜单)和选项菜单(通过按手机上的菜单按钮,来呼出菜单)
public class Main extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// 为 R.id.txt1 注册一个上下文菜单(在此 TextView 上长按,则会呼出上下文菜单)
// 具体呼出的菜单内容需要重写 onCreateContextMenu 来创建
TextView txt1 = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt1);
this.registerForContextMenu(txt1);
// 为 R.id.txt2 注册一个上下文菜单
TextView txt2 = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt2);
this.registerForContextMenu(txt2);
}
// 重写 onCreateContextMenu 用以创建上下文菜单
// 重写 onContextItemSelected 用以响应上下文菜单
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
// 创建 R.id.txt1 的上下文菜单
if (v == (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt1)) {
// ContextMenu.setIcon() - 设置菜单的图标
// ContextMenu.setHeaderTitle() - 设置菜单的标题
menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.icon01);
menu.setHeaderTitle("我是菜单");
// 用 ContextMenu.add() 来增加菜单项,返回值为 MenuItem
// 第一个参数:组ID
// 第二个参数:菜单项ID
// 第三个参数:顺序号
// 第四个参数:菜单项上显示的内容
menu.add(1, 0, 0, "菜单1");
// MenuItem - 新增菜单项后的返回类型,针对菜单项的其他设置在此对象上操作
menu.add(1, 1, 1, "菜单2").setCheckable(true);
}
// 创建 R.id.txt2 的上下文菜单(多级上下文菜单)
else if (v == (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt2)) {
// Menu.addSubMenu("菜单名称") - 用来添加子菜单。子菜单其实就是一个特殊的菜单
SubMenu sub = menu.addSubMenu("父菜单1");
sub.setIcon(R.drawable.icon01);
sub.add(0, 0, 0, "菜单1");
sub.add(0, 1, 1, "菜单2");
sub.setGroupCheckable(1, true, true);
SubMenu sub2 = menu.addSubMenu("父菜单2");
sub2.setIcon(R.drawable.icon01);
sub2.add(1, 0, 0, "菜单3");
sub2.add(1, 1, 1, "菜单4");
sub2.setGroupCheckable(1, true, false);
}
}
// 重写 onCreateOptionsMenu 用以创建选项菜单
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
MenuItem menuItem = menu.add(0, 0, 0, "菜单1");
// MenuItem.setIcon() - 设置菜单项的图标
// MenuItem.setTitleCondensed() - 菜单的简标题,如果指定了简标题的话,菜单项上的标题将会以此简标题为准
// MenuItem.setAlphabeticShortcut() - 设置选中此菜单项的快捷键
// 注:菜单项超过 6 个的话,第 6 个菜单将会变为 More 菜单,多余的菜单会在单击 More 菜单之后显示出来
menuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.icon01);
menuItem.setTitleCondensed("菜单1");
menuItem.setAlphabeticShortcut('a');
menu.add(0, 1, 1, "菜单2").setIcon(R.drawable.icon02);
menu.add(0, 2, 2, "菜单3").setIcon(R.drawable.icon03);
menu.add(0, 3, 3, "菜单4");
menu.add(0, 4, 4, "菜单5");
menu.add(0, 5, 5, "菜单6");
menu.add(0, 6, 6, "菜单7").setIcon(R.drawable.icon04);
menu.add(0, 7, 7, "菜单8").setIcon(R.drawable.icon05);
return true;
}
// 重写 onOptionsItemSelected 用以响应选项菜单
//Toast用于向用户显示一些帮助/提示。
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
Toast.makeText(Main.this, "被单击的菜单项为:" + String.valueOf(item.getItemId()), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
}
对话框(Dialog)和通知(Notification)
作者:webabcd
介绍
在 Android 中种对话框及各种通知效果的应用
∙常用对话框的使用,弹出式对话框、日期选择对话框、时间选择对话框、进度条对话框
∙通知(出现在通知列表)和提示性通知(Toast)的演示
1、常用对话框的演示
res/layout/main.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
res/layout/view.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:layout_height="wrap_content">
res/values/array.xml
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.dialog;
import java.util.Calendar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog;
import android.app.DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener;
import android.app.TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.DatePicker;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.TimePicker;
import android.widget.Button;
public class Main extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// 弹出式对话框的 Demo。先调用 Builder(),再Create(), 需要显示对话框的时候再调用 show()
AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("弹出对话框").create();
dialog.show();
// 以下是各种对话框的 Demo
MyButtonClickListener listener = new MyButtonClickListener();
Button btn1 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn1);
btn1.setText("简单的对话框的 Demo");
btn1.setOnClickListener(listener);
Button btn2 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn2);
btn2.setText("包括常用设置的对话框(数据来自 xml)");
btn2.setOnClickListener(listener);
Button btn3 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn3);
btn3.setText("弹出的对话框的内容是一个 View");
btn3.setOnClickListener(listener);
Button btn4 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn4);
btn4.setText("日期选择对话框");
btn4.setOnClickListener(listener);
Button btn5 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn5);
btn5.setText("时间选择对话框");
btn5.setOnClickListener(listener);
Button btn6 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn6);
btn6.setText("进度条对话框");
btn6.setOnClickListener(listener);
}
class MyButtonClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 具体的对话框的实现可以通过重写 onCreateDialog 完成
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn1:
Main.this.showDialog(0);
break;
case R.id.btn2:
Main.this.showDialog(1);
break;
case R.id.btn3:
Main.this.showDialog(2);
break;
case R.id.btn4:
Main.this.showDialog(3);
break;
case R.id.btn5:
Main.this.showDialog(4);
break;
case R.id.btn6:
Main.this.showDialog(5);
break;
}
}
}
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
switch (id) {
case 0:
// 一个简单的弹出对话框
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("这是一个简单的弹出对话框的 Demo")
.create();
case 1:
// 一个相对复杂的弹出对话框
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle("标题") // 设置标题
// .setCustomTitle(View) // 以一个 View 作为标题
.setIcon(R.drawable.icon01) // 设置标题图片
// .setMessage("信息") // 需要显示的弹出内容
.setPositiveButton("确定", new OnClickListener() { // 设置弹框的确认按钮所显示的文本,以及单击按钮后的响应行为
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface a0, int a1) {
TextView txtMsg = (TextView) Main.this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
txtMsg.append("单击了对话框上的“确认”按钮\\n");
}
})
.setItems(R.array.ary, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { // 弹框所显示的内容来自一个数组。数组中的数据会一行一行地依次排列
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
}
})
// 其他常用方法如下
// .setMultiChoiceItems(arg0, arg1, arg2)
// .setSingleChoiceItems(arg0, arg1, arg2)
// .setNeutralButton(arg0, arg1)
// .setNegativeButton(arg0, arg1)
.create();
case 2:
// 弹出对话框为指定的 View 的 Demo
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("此对话框的内容是一个 View")
.setView(this.findViewById(R.layout.view)).create();
case 3:
// 弹出日期选择对话框
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
return new DatePickerDialog(this, new OnDateSetListener() {
@Override
public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear, int dayOfMonth) {
TextView txtMsg = (TextView) Main.this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
txtMsg.append("新设置的日期为:" + String.valueOf(year) + "-"
+ String.valueOf(monthOfYear) + "-"
+ String.valueOf(dayOfMonth) + "\\n");
}
}, c.get(Calendar.YEAR), c.get(Calendar.MONTH), c.get(Calendar.DATE));
case 4:
// 弹出时间选择对话框
Calendar c2 = Calendar.getInstance();
return new TimePickerDialog(this, new OnTimeSetListener() {
@Override
public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
TextView txtMsg = (TextView) Main.this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
txtMsg.append("新设置的时间为:"
+ String.valueOf(hourOfDay) + ":"
+ String.valueOf(minute) + "\\n");
}
}, c2.get(Calendar.HOUR), c2.get(Calendar.MINUTE), true);
case 5:
// 弹出进度条对话框
ProgressDialog progress = new ProgressDialog(this);
progress.setMessage("loading...");
return progress;
default:
return null;
}
}
}
2、各种提示效果的演示
res/layout/main.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
res/layout/view.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.notification;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Main extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
// 通过 Tost.makeText().show() 来实现提示性的通知效果
// 短时间的提示性通知的 Demo
Button btn1 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn1);
btn1.setText("短时间提示");
btn1.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(Main.this, "我是短时间提示", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
// 长时间的提示性通知的 Demo
Button btn2 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn2);
btn2.setText("长时间提示");
btn2.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
Toast.makeText(Main.this, "我是长时间提示", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});
// 以一个 View 作为提示性通知的 Demo
Button btn3 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn3);
btn3.setText("以一个 View 做提示");
btn3.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
View view = inflateView(R.layout.view);
TextView txtMsg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
txtMsg.setText("提示内容");
Toast toast = new Toast(Main.this);
toast.setView(view);
toast.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.show();
}
});
Button btn4 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn4);
btn4.setText("发出一个通知(Notification)");
btn4.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
// 实例化通知管理器
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// 指定单击通知后所打开的详细的通知页面(单击通知后打开 NotificationView)
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
Main.this, 0, new Intent(Main.this, NotificationView.class), 0);
// 实例化一个通知,并指定其图标和标题(在提示栏上显示)
Notification n = new Notification(R.drawable.icon01, "我是滚动的通知信息我是滚动的通知信息我是滚动的通知信息", System.currentTimeMillis());
// 设置通知的发送人和通知的详细内容(打开提示栏后在通知列表中显示)
n.setLatestEventInfo(Main.this, "通知发送人", "我是详细的通知信息我是详细的通知信息我是详细的通知信息", contentIntent);
// 100 毫秒延迟后,震动 250 毫秒,暂停 100 毫秒后,再震动 500 毫秒
n.vibrate = new long[] { 100, 250, 100, 500 };
// 发出通知(其中第一个参数为通知标识符)
nm.notify(0, n);
}
});
}
// 将指定的 xml 资源转换为一个 View
private View inflateView(int resource) {
LayoutInflater vi = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
return vi.inflate(resource, null);
}
// 打开详细通知页后此 Activity 会被 Pause,从详细通知页返回后此 Activity 会被 Resume
@Override
protected void onPause() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPause();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onPause");
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onResume();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onResume");
}
}
NotificationView.java
代码
package com.webabcd.notification;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
// 单击通知列表的某个通知后,所打开的详细的通知页
public class NotificationView extends Activity {
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.view);
TextView txtMsg = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
txtMsg.setText("点通知之后所链接到的 Activity");
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// 取消显示在通知列表中的指定通知(参数为通知标识符)
nm.cancel(0);
// 需要关闭此 Activity 的话就 finish 它既可
// this.finish();
}
}
活动(Activity), 服务(Service), 广播(Broadcast), 广播接收器(BroadcastReceiver)
作者:webabcd
介绍
在 Android 中使用 Activity, Service, Broadcast, BroadcastReceiver
∙活动(Activity) - 用于表现功能
∙服务(Service) - 相当于后台运行的 Activity
∙广播(Broadcast) - 用于发送广播
∙广播接收器(BroadcastReceiver) - 用于接收广播
∙Intent - 用于连接以上各个组件,并在其间传递消息
1、演示 Activity 的基本用法,一个 Activity 启动另一个 Activity,启动另一个 Activity 时为其传递参数,被启动的 Activity 返回参数给启动者的 Activity
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class Main extends Activity {
TextView txt;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.main);
txt = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt);
txt.setText("Activity 1");
Button btn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setText("启动另一个Activity");
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 实例化 Intent,指定需要启动的 Activity
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setClass(Main.this, MyActivity.class);
// 实例化 Bundle,设置需要传递的参数
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("name", "webabcd");
bundle.putDouble("salary", 100.13);
// 将需要传递的参数赋值给 Intent 对象
intent.putExtras(bundle);
// startActivity(intent); // 启动指定的 Intent(不等待返回结果)
// Main.this.finish();
// 启动指定的 Intent,并等待返回结果
// 其中第二个参数如果大于等于零,则返回结果时会回调 onActivityResult() 方法
startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
}
});
Log.d("MyDebug", "onCreate");
}
// 被启动的 Activity 返回结果时的回调函数
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK){
Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
String name = bundle.getString("name");
double salary = bundle.getDouble("salary");
txt.setText("Activity 1" + "\\n名字:" + name + "\\n薪水:" + String.valueOf(salary));
}
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStart();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onStart");
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStop();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onStop");
}
@Override
protected void onRestart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onRestart();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onRestart");
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPause();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onPause");
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onResume();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onResume");
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onDestroy");
}
}
MyActivity.java
代码
package com.webabcd.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
// 被另一个 Activity 所启动的 Activity
public class MyActivity extends Activity {
Intent intent;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.main2);
// 获取启动者传递过来的参数
intent = this.getIntent();
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
String name = bundle.getString("name");
double salary = bundle.getDouble("salary");
TextView txt = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.txt);
txt.setText("Activity 2" + "\\n名字:" + name + "\\n薪水:" + String.valueOf(salary));
Button btn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setText("返回前一个Activity");
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
// 返回参数给启动者
MyActivity.this.setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, intent);
MyActivity.this.finish();
}
});
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
代码
android:versionName="1.0">
2、Service, Broadcast, BroadcastReceiver 的演示
Main.java
代码
package com.webabcd.service;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.TextView;
/*
* startService() 和 bindService() 的区别
* startService() - 正常理解就好
* bindService() - 使当前上下文对象(本例中就是 Activity)通过一个 ServiceConnection 对象邦定到指定的 Service 。这样,如果上下文对象销毁了的话,那么其对应的 Service 也会被销毁
*/
public class Main extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private TextView txtMsg;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
setTitle("android 之 service");
this.findViewById(R.id.btnStart).setOnClickListener(this);
this.findViewById(R.id.btnStop).setOnClickListener(this);
this.findViewById(R.id.btnBind).setOnClickListener(this);
this.findViewById(R.id.btnUnbind).setOnClickListener(this);
txtMsg = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);
// 实例化自定义的 BroadcastReceiver
receiver = new UpdateReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
// 为 BroadcastReceiver 指定 action ,使之用于接收同 action 的广播
filter.addAction("com.webabcd.service.msg");
// 以编程方式注册 BroadcastReceiver 。配置方式注册 BroadcastReceiver 的例子见 AndroidManifest.xml 文件
// 一般在 OnStart 时注册,在 OnStop 时取消注册
this.registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
// this.unregisterReceiver(receiver);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this, MyService.class);
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btnStart:
this.startService(intent);
break;
case R.id.btnStop:
this.stopService(intent);
break;
case R.id.btnBind:
this.bindService(intent, conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
break;
case R.id.btnUnbind:
this.unbindService(conn);
break;
}
}
// bindService() 所需的 ServiceConnection 对象
private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
}
};
private String msg="";
private UpdateReceiver receiver;
// 实现一个 BroadcastReceiver,用于接收指定的 Broadcast
public class UpdateReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
txtMsg.append(msg + "\\n");
}
}
}
MyService.java
代码
package com.webabcd.service;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
// 演示 Service 的生命周期。具体信息运行程序后在 LogCat 中查看
public class MyService extends Service {
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.d("MyDebug", "onBind");
sendMsg("onBind");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onCreate");
sendMsg("onCreate");
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroy();
Log.d("MyDebug", "onDestroy");
sendMsg("onDestroy");
}
@Override
public void onRebind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onRebind(intent);
Log.d("MyDebug", "onRebind");
sendMsg("onRebind");
}
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
super.onStart(intent, startId);
Log.d("MyDebug", "onStart");
sendMsg("onStart");
}
@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
Log.d("MyDebug", "onUnbind");
sendMsg("onUnbind");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}
// 发送广播信息
private void sendMsg(String msg){
// 指定广播目标的 action (注:指定了此 action 的 receiver 会接收此广播)
Intent intent = new Intent("com.webabcd.service.msg");
// 需要传递的参数
intent.putExtra("msg", msg);
// 发送广播
this.sendBroadcast(intent);
}
}
MyBootReceiver.java
代码
package com.webabcd.service;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class MyBootReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
// 用于接收满足条件的 Broadcast(相应的 Broadcast 的注册信息详见 AndroidManifest.xml ,当系统启动完毕后会调用这个广播接收器)
@Override
public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
Log.d("MyDebug", "onReceive");
// 启动服务
Intent service = new Intent(arg0, MyService.class);
arg0.startService(service);
}
}
AndroidManifest.xml
代码
android:versionName="1.0">
Android控件
在 Android 中使用各种控件(View)
∙TextView - 文本显示控件
∙Button - 按钮控件
∙ImageButton - 图片按钮控件
∙ImageView - 图片显示控件
∙CheckBox - 复选框控件
∙RadioButton - 单选框控件
∙AnalogClock - 钟表(带表盘的那种)控件
∙DigitalClock - 电子表控件
1、TextView 的 Demo
textview.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_TextView.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _TextView extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.textview);
// 设置 Activity 的标题
setTitle("TextView");
TextView txt = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
// 设置文本显示控件的文本内容,需要换行的话就用“\\n”
txt.setText("我是 TextView\\n显示文字用的");
}
}
2、Button 的 Demo
button.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_Button.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _Button extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.button);
setTitle("Button");
Button btn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
btn.setText("click me");
// setOnClickListener() - 响应按钮的鼠标单击事件
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
TextView txt = (TextView) _Button.this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
txt.setText("按钮被单击了");
}
});
}
}
3、ImageButton 的 Demo
imagebutton.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_ImageButton.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _ImageButton extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.imagebutton);
setTitle("ImageButton");
ImageButton imgButton = (ImageButton) this.findViewById(R.id.imageButton);
// 设置图片按钮的背景
imgButton.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.icon01);
// setOnClickListener() - 响应图片按钮的鼠标单击事件
imgButton.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
TextView txt = (TextView) _ImageButton.this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
txt.setText("图片按钮被单击了");
}
});
}
}
4、ImageView 的 Demo
imageview.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_ImageView.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class _ImageView extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.imageview);
setTitle("ImageView");
ImageView imgView = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
// 指定需要显示的图片
imgView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.icon01);
}
}
5、CheckBox 的 Demo
checkbox.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_CheckBox.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _CheckBox extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.checkbox);
setTitle("CheckBox");
CheckBox chk = (CheckBox) this.findViewById(R.id.chk1);
// setOnCheckedChangeListener() - 响应复选框的选中状态改变事件
chk.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
TextView txt = (TextView) _CheckBox.this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
txt.setText("CheckBox01 的选中状态:" + String.valueOf(isChecked));
}
});
}
}
6、RadioButton 的 Demo
radiobutton.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:checkedButton="@+id/rad3" android:orientation="horizontal" android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal">
_RadioButton.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.RadioButton;
import android.widget.RadioGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _RadioButton extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.radiobutton);
setTitle("RadioButton");
RadioGroup group = (RadioGroup) this.findViewById(R.id.radioGroup);
// setOnCheckedChangeListener() - 响应单选框组内的选中项发生变化时的事件
group.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
TextView txt = (TextView) _RadioButton.this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
txt.setText(((RadioButton)findViewById(checkedId)).getText() + " 被选中");
}
});
}
}
7、AnalogClock 的 Demo
analogclock.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_AnalogClock.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class _AnalogClock extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.analogclcok);
setTitle("AnalogClock");
}
}
8、DigitalClock 的 Demo
digitalclock.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_DigitalClock.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class _DigitalClock extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.digitalclcok);
setTitle("DigitalClcok");
}
}
∙
DatePicker - 日期选择控件
∙TimePicker - 时间选择控件
∙ToggleButton - 双状态按钮控件
∙EditText - 可编辑文本控件
∙ProgressBar - 进度条控件
∙SeekBar - 可拖动的进度条控件
∙AutoCompleteTextView - 支持自动完成功能的可编辑文本控件
∙MultiAutoCompleteTextView - 支持自动完成功能的可编辑文本控件,允许输入多值(多值之间会自动地用指定的分隔符分开)
1、DatePicker 的 Demo
datepicker.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_DatePicker.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class _DatePicker extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.datepicker);
// 具体的应用可参见对话框中的示例
setTitle("DatePicker");
}
}
2、TimePicker 的 Demo
timepicker.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_TimePicker.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class _TimePicker extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.timepicker);
// 具体的应用可参见对话框中的示例
setTitle("TimePicker");
}
}
3、ToggleButton 的 Demo
togglebutton.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:textOn="关闭" android:textOff="打开" />
_ToggleButton.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.ToggleButton;
public class _ToggleButton extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.togglebutton);
setTitle("ToggleButton");
final ToggleButton btn = (ToggleButton) this.findViewById(R.id.toggleButton);
// setOnClickListener() - 响应按钮的鼠标单击事件
btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
TextView txt = (TextView) _ToggleButton.this.findViewById(R.id.textView);
// ToggleButton.isChecked() - 双状态按钮的按钮状态
txt.setText("按钮状态:" + String.valueOf(btn.isChecked()));
}
});
}
}
4、EditText 的 Demo
edittext.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_EditText.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class _EditText extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.edittext);
setTitle("EditText");
EditText txt = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
txt.setText("我可编辑");
}
}
5、ProgressBar 的 Demo
progressbar.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:max="100" android:progress="50" android:secondaryProgress="75" />
_ProgressBar(进度条).java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Window;
// 另见对话框中的进度条
public class _ProgressBar extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// 设置特性以允许在应用程序的标题栏上显示进度条(条状)
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_PROGRESS);
// 设置特性以允许在应用程序的标题栏上显示进度条(圆圈状)
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS);
this.setContentView(R.layout.progressbar);
setTitle("ProgressBar");
// 在标题栏上显示进度条(条状)
setProgressBarVisibility(true);
// 在标题栏上显示进度条(圆圈状)
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
// 指定进度条的进度
setProgress(50 * 100);
setSecondaryProgress(75 * 100);
}
}
6、SeekBar 的 Demo
seekbar.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:progress="50" android:secondaryProgress="75" />
_SeekBar.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class _SeekBar extends Activity implements
SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener {
SeekBar mSeekBar;
TextView mProgressText;
TextView mTrackingText;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.seekbar);
setTitle("SeekBar");
mSeekBar = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekBar);
// setOnSeekBarChangeListener() - 响应拖动进度条事件
mSeekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this);
mProgressText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.progress);
mTrackingText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tracking);
}
// 拖动进度条后,进度发生改变时的回调事件
public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,
boolean fromTouch) {
mProgressText.setText(progress + "%");
}
// 拖动进度条前开始跟踪触摸
public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
mTrackingText.setText("开始跟踪触摸");
}
// 拖动进度条后停止跟踪触摸
public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
mTrackingText.setText("停止跟踪触摸");
}
}
7、AutoCompleteTextView 的 Demo
autocompletetextview.xml
代码
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
_AutoCompleteTextView.java
代码
package com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView;
public class _AutoCompleteTextView extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.autocompletetextview);
setTitle("AutoCompleteTextView");
// 实例化适配器,指定显示格式及数据源
ArrayAdapter this, //The resource ID for a layout file containing a TextView to use when instantiating views android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, ary); AutoCompleteTextView textView = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.editText); // 指定自动完成控件的适配器 textView.setAdapter(adapter); } // 自动完成控件的所需数据的数据源 private String[] ary = new String[] { "abc "abcd "abcde "abcdef "abcdefg "hij "hijk "hijkl "hijklm "hijklmn }; } 8、MultiAutoCompleteTextView 的 Demo multiautocompletetextview.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _MultiAutoCompleteTextView.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.MultiAutoCompleteTextView; public class _MultiAutoCompleteTextView extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.multiautocompletetextview); setTitle("MultiAutoCompleteTextView"); // 实例化适配器,指定显示格式及数据源 ArrayAdapter this, android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, ary); MultiAutoCompleteTextView textView = (MultiAutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.editText); textView.setAdapter(adapter); // 设置多个值之间的分隔符,此处为逗号 //MultiAutoCompleteTextView.CommaTokenizer--This simple Tokenizer can be used for lists where the items are separated by a comma and one or more spaces. textView.setTokenizer(new MultiAutoCompleteTextView.CommaTokenizer()); } // 自动完成控件的所需数据的数据源 private String[] ary = new String[] { "abc "abcd "abcde "abcdef "abcdefg "hij "hijk "hijkl "hijklm "hijklmn }; } ∙ ZoomControls - 放大/缩小按钮控件 ∙Include - 整合控件 ∙VideoView - 视频播放控件 ∙WebView - 浏览器控件 ∙RatingBar - 评分控件 ∙Tab - 选项卡控件 ∙Spinner - 下拉框控件 ∙Chronometer - 计时器控件 ∙ScrollView - 滚动条控件 1、ZoomControls 的 Demo zoomcontrols.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _ZoomControls.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Toast; import android.widget.ZoomControls; public class _ZoomControls extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.zoomcontrols); setTitle("ZoomControls"); ZoomControls zoomControls = (ZoomControls) this.findViewById(R.id.zoomControls); // setOnZoomInClickListener() - 响应单击放大按钮的事件 zoomControls.setOnZoomInClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { Toast.makeText(_ZoomControls.this, "单击了放大按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); // setOnZoomOutClickListener() - 响应单击缩小按钮的事件 zoomControls.setOnZoomOutClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { Toast.makeText(_ZoomControls.this, "单击了缩小按钮", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } } 2、Include 的 Demo include.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> include_1.xml 代码 android:layout_height="wrap_content"> include_2.xml 代码 android:layout_height="wrap_content"> _Include.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; public class _Include extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.include); setTitle("Include"); } } 3、VideoView 的 Demo videoview.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _VideoView.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.MediaController; import android.widget.VideoView; public class _VideoView extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.videoview); setTitle("VideoView"); VideoView videoView = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.videoView); // 指定需要播放的视频的地址 //Immutable URI reference. A URI reference includes a URI and a fragment, the component of the URI following a '#'. Builds and parses URI references which conform to RFC 2396.---Uri overview //Creates a Uri which parses the given encoded URI string videoView.setVideoURI(Uri.parse("android.resource://com.webabcd.view/" + R.raw.demo)); // videoView.setVideoPath(); // 设置播放器的控制条 videoView.setMediaController(new MediaController(this)); // 开始播放视频 videoView.start(); } } 4、WebView 的 Demo webview.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _WebView.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.webkit.WebSettings; import android.webkit.WebView; public class _WebView extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.webview); setTitle("WebView"); WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView); // 配置浏览器,使其可支持 JavaScript WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings(); webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true); // 清除浏览器缓存 webView.clearCache(true); // 指定浏览器需要解析的 url 地址--webView.loadUrl() webView.loadUrl("http://webabcd.cnblogs.com/"); // 指定浏览器需要解析的 html 数据--webView.loadUrl() // webView.loadData("webabcd", "text/html", "utf-8"); } } 5、RatingBar (评分控件)的 Demo ratingbar.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:layout_height="wrap_content"> _RatingBar.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.RatingBar; import android.widget.TextView; public class _RatingBar extends Activity implements RatingBar.OnRatingBarChangeListener {//实现了评分改变接口 private RatingBar mRatingBar; private TextView mTextView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.ratingbar); setTitle("RatingBar"); mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView); mRatingBar = (RatingBar) findViewById(R.id.ratingBar); // setOnRatingBarChangeListener() - 响应评分值发生改变的事件 mRatingBar.setOnRatingBarChangeListener(this); } @Override public void onRatingChanged(RatingBar ratingBar, float rating, boolean fromUser) { mTextView.setText(String.valueOf(rating)); } } 6、Tab(选项卡控件) 的 Demo tab.xml 代码 _Tab.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.TabActivity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.widget.TabHost; // 实现 Tab 功能要继承 TabActivity public class _Tab extends TabActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); TabHost tabHost = getTabHost(); //LayoutInflater--This class is used to instantiate layout XML file into its corresponding View objects. //LayoutInflater.from(this)--Obtains the LayoutInflater(static LayoutInflater) from the given context. //LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate--Inflate a new view hierarchy from the specified XML node. LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.tab, tabHost.getTabContentView(), true); // Tab 1 的内容 //TabHost--Container for a tabbed window view. This object holds two children: a set of tab labels that the user clicks to select a specific tab, and a FrameLayout object that displays the contents of that page. //tabHost.newTabSpec("tab1")--Get a new TabHost.TabSpec associated with this tab host tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab1") .setIndicator("tab1") .setContent(R.id.view1)); // Tab 2 的内容(设置了 Tab 图片) tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab2") .setIndicator("tab2", getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.icon01)) .setContent(R.id.view2)); // Tab 3 的内容(设置 Tab 的内容为指定的 Activity) tabHost.addTab(tabHost.newTabSpec("tab3") .setIndicator("tab3") .setContent(new Intent(this, _TextView.class))); } } 7、Spinner(下拉框控件) 的 Demo spinner.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _Spinner.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Spinner; import android.widget.TextView; public class _Spinner extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.spinner); setTitle("Spinner"); Spinner spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner); // 设置下拉框控件的标题文本 spinner.setPrompt("请选择"); // 实例化适配器,指定显示格式及数据源 ArrayAdapter this, R.array.colors, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item); adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);//Sets the layout resource to create the drop down views. spinner.setAdapter(adapter); // setOnItemSelectedListener() - 响应下拉框的选中值发生变化的事件 spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {//Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when an item in this view has been selected. @Override public void onItemSelected(AdapterView> arg0, View arg1 int arg2, long arg3) {//Callback method to be invoked when an item in this view has been selected TextView textView = (TextView)_Spinner.this.findViewById(R.id.textView); textView.setText(((TextView)arg1).getText()); } @Override public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView> arg0) { } }); } } 8、Chronometer (计时器控件)的 Demo chronometer.xml 代码 _Chronometer.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.SystemClock; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Chronometer; public class _Chronometer extends Activity { private Chronometer mChronometer; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.chronometer); setTitle("Chronometer"); Button button; mChronometer = (Chronometer) findViewById(R.id.chronometer); // 设置计时器所显示的时间格式 mChronometer.setFormat("计时:(%s)"); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart); button.setOnClickListener(mStartListener); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStop); button.setOnClickListener(mStopListener); button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnReset); button.setOnClickListener(mResetListener); } View.OnClickListener mStartListener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // 启动计时器 mChronometer.start(); } }; View.OnClickListener mStopListener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // 暂停计时器 mChronometer.stop(); } }; View.OnClickListener mResetListener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { // 复位计时器,即停止计时器 mChronometer.setBase(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()); } }; } 9、ScrollView (滚动条控件)的 Demo scrollview.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> android:scrollbarStyle="outsideOverlay" android:background="@android:drawable/edit_text"> _ScrollView.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class _ScrollView extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.scrollview); setTitle("ScrollView"); TextView textView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.textView); textView.setText("a\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na\\na"); } } ∙ TextSwitcher - 文字转换器控件(改变文字时增加一些动画效果) ∙Gallery - 缩略图浏览器控件 ∙ImageSwitcher - 图片转换器控件(改变图片时增加一些动画效果) ∙GridView - 网格控件 ∙ListView - 列表控件 ∙ExpandableList - 支持展开/收缩功能的列表控件 1、TextSwitcher(文字转换器控件) 的 Demo textswitcher.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _TextSwitcher.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import java.util.Random; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.animation.Animation; import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextSwitcher; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.ViewSwitcher; public class _TextSwitcher extends Activity implements ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.textswithcer); setTitle("TextSwithcer"); final TextSwitcher switcher = (TextSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.textSwitcher); // 指定转换器的 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory switcher.setFactory(this); // 设置淡入和淡出的动画效果 Animation in = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_in); Animation out = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_out); switcher.setInAnimation(in); switcher.setOutAnimation(out); // 单击一次按钮改变一次文字 Button btnChange = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnChange); btnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { switcher.setText(String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt()));//Sets the text of the next view and switches to the next view. } }); } // 重写 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory 的 makeView(),返回一个 View @Override public View makeView() {//能否将这个方法放进去? TextView textView = new TextView(this); textView.setTextSize(36); return textView; } } 2、Gallery (缩略图浏览器控件)的 Demo gallery.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _Gallery.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.Gallery; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.Toast; import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams; public class _Gallery extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.gallery); setTitle("Gallery"); Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery); // 为缩略图浏览器指定一个适配器 gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this)); // 响应 在缩略图列表上选中某个缩略图后的 事件 gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() { //Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when an item in this view has been selected. @Override public void onItemSelected(AdapterView> parent, View v, int position, long id) { Toast.makeText(_Gallery.this, String.valueOf(position), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } @Override public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView> arg0) { } }); } // 继承 BaseAdapter 用以实现自定义的图片适配器 public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext; public ImageAdapter(Context context) { mContext = context; } public int getCount() { return mThumbIds.length; } public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView image = new ImageView(mContext); image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]); image.setAdjustViewBounds(true); image.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams( LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); return image; } } // 需要显示的图片集合 private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02, R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 }; } 3、ImageSwitcher(图片转换器控件) 的 Demo imageswitcher.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> _ImageSwitcher.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.Gallery; import android.widget.ImageSwitcher; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.ViewSwitcher; import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams; // 图片转换器的使用基本同文字转换器 // 以下是一个用 ImageSwitcher + Gallery 实现的经典的图片浏览器的 Demo public class _ImageSwitcher extends Activity implements ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory { private ImageSwitcher mSwitcher; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.imageswithcer); setTitle("ImageSwithcer"); mSwitcher = (ImageSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.imageSwitcher); mSwitcher.setFactory(this); mSwitcher.setInAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_in)); mSwitcher.setOutAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, android.R.anim.fade_out)); Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery); gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this)); gallery.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() { @Override public void onItemSelected(AdapterView> parent, View v, int position, long id) { mSwitcher.setImageResource(mImageIds[position]); } @Override public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView> arg0) { } }); } public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext; public ImageAdapter(Context context) { mContext = context; } public int getCount() { return mThumbIds.length; } public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView image = new ImageView(mContext); image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]); image.setAdjustViewBounds(true); image.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams( LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); return image; } } private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02, R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 }; private Integer[] mImageIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02, R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 }; @Override public View makeView() { ImageView image = new ImageView(this); image.setMinimumHeight(200); image.setMinimumWidth(200); image.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER); image.setLayoutParams(new ImageSwitcher.LayoutParams( LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT)); return image; } } 4、GridView (网格控件)的 Demo gridview.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:padding="10px" android:verticalSpacing="10px" android:horizontalSpacing="10px" android:numColumns="auto_fit" android:columnWidth="60px" android:stretchMode="columnWidth" android:gravity="center"> _GridView.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.ImageView; public class _GridView extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.gridview); setTitle("GridView"); GridView gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView); // 指定网格控件的适配器为自定义的图片适配器 gridView.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this)); } // 自定义的图片适配器 public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext; public ImageAdapter(Context context) { mContext = context; } public int getCount() { return mThumbIds.length; } public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView imageView; if (convertView == null) { imageView = new ImageView(mContext); imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(48, 48)); imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false); imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP); imageView.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5); } else { imageView = (ImageView) convertView; } imageView.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]); return imageView; } // 网格控件所需图片数据的数据源 private Integer[] mThumbIds = { R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02, R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 }; } } 5、ListView 的 Demo main_list_adapter.xml 代码 android:layout_height="fill_parent"> MainListAdapter.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import java.util.List; import android.content.Context; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.TextView; // 继承 BaseAdapter 以实现自定义的列表适配器 public class MainListAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private LayoutInflater mInflater; private List public MainListAdapter(Context context, List mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); mData = data; } @Override public int getCount() { return mData.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return mData.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { TextView text; if (convertView == null) { // 指定一个 layout 作为自定义列表适配器的 layout convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.main_list_adapter, null); text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text); convertView.setTag(text); } else { text = (TextView) convertView.getTag(); } String mItem = mData.get(position); text.setText(mItem); return convertView; } } Main.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ListView; // 此处要继承 ListActivity ,用以实现 ListView 的功能 public class Main extends ListActivity { private List /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setTheme(android.R.style.Theme_Light); setContentView(R.layout.main); mData = getData(); // 使用自定义的列表适配器来展现数据 MainListAdapter adapter = new MainListAdapter(this, mData); // 如需使用系统内置的列表适配器,则可以使用类似如下的方法 // ArrayAdapter this.setListAdapter(adapter); } // ListView 的数据源 private List List items.add("TextView"); items.add("Button"); items.add("ImageButton"); items.add("ImageView"); items.add("CheckBox"); items.add("RadioButton"); items.add("AnalogClock"); items.add("DigitalClock"); items.add("DatePicker"); items.add("TimePicker"); items.add("ToggleButton"); items.add("EditText"); items.add("ProgressBar"); items.add("SeekBar"); items.add("AutoCompleteTextView"); items.add("MultiAutoCompleteTextView"); items.add("ZoomControls"); items.add("Include"); items.add("VideoView"); items.add("WebView"); items.add("RatingBar"); items.add("Tab"); items.add("Spinner"); items.add("Chronometer"); items.add("ScrollView"); items.add("TextSwitcher"); items.add("ListView"); items.add("Gallery"); items.add("ImageSwitcher"); items.add("GridView"); items.add("ExpandableList"); return items; } // ListView 中某项被选中后的逻辑 @Override protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setClassName(this, "com.webabcd.view._" + mData.get(position)); startActivityForResult(intent, 0); } } 6、ExpandableList 的 Demo _ExpandableList.java 代码 package com.webabcd.view; import android.app.ExpandableListActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.ContextMenu; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo; import android.widget.AbsListView; import android.widget.BaseExpandableListAdapter; import android.widget.ExpandableListAdapter; import android.widget.ExpandableListView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import android.widget.ExpandableListView.ExpandableListContextMenuInfo; // ExpandableList - 可展开/收缩列表 // 继承 ExpandableListActivity 以实现列表的可展开/收缩的功能 public class _ExpandableList extends ExpandableListActivity { private ExpandableListAdapter mAdapter; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setTitle("ExpandableList"); mAdapter = new MyExpandableListAdapter(); setListAdapter(mAdapter); registerForContextMenu(this.getExpandableListView()); } // 为列表的每一项创建上下文菜单(即长按后呼出的菜单) @Override public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { menu.setHeaderTitle("ContextMenu"); menu.add(0, 0, 0, "ContextMenu"); } // 单击上下文菜单后的逻辑 @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { ExpandableListContextMenuInfo info = (ExpandableListContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo(); String title = ((TextView) info.targetView).getText().toString(); int type = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionType(info.packedPosition); if (type == ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_CHILD) { int groupPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition); int childPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionChild(info.packedPosition); Toast.makeText(this, title + " - Group Index: " + groupPos + " Child Index: " + childPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } else if (type == ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_GROUP) { int groupPos = ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition); Toast.makeText(this, title + " - Group Index: " + groupPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return true; } return false; } public class MyExpandableListAdapter extends BaseExpandableListAdapter { // 父列表数据 private String[] groups = { "group1", "group2", "group3 "group4" }; // 子列表数据 private String[][] children = { { "child1" }, { "child1", "child2" }, { "child1", "child2", "child3" }, { "child1", "child2", "child3", "child4" } }; @Override public Object getChild(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { return children[groupPosition][childPosition]; } @Override public long getChildId(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { return childPosition; } @Override public int getChildrenCount(int groupPosition) { return children[groupPosition].length; } // 取子列表中的某一项的 View @Override public View getChildView(int groupPosition, int childPosition, boolean isLastChild, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { TextView textView = getGenericView(); textView.setText(getChild(groupPosition, childPosition).toString()); return textView; } @Override public Object getGroup(int groupPosition) { return groups[groupPosition]; } @Override public int getGroupCount() { return groups.length; } @Override public long getGroupId(int groupPosition) { return groupPosition; } // 取父列表中的某一项的 View @Override public View getGroupView(int groupPosition, boolean isExpanded, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { TextView textView = getGenericView(); textView.setText(getGroup(groupPosition).toString()); return textView; } @Override public boolean hasStableIds() { return true; } @Override public boolean isChildSelectable(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { return true; } // 获取某一项的 View 的逻辑 private TextView getGenericView() { AbsListView.LayoutParams lp = new AbsListView.LayoutParams( ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, 48); TextView textView = new TextView(_ExpandableList.this); textView.setLayoutParams(lp); textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL | Gravity.LEFT); textView.setPadding(32, 0, 0, 0); return textView; } } }context The application's environment. textArrayResId The identifier of the array to use as the data source. textViewResId The identifier of the layout used to create views
