
这一组词都是与时间相关的副词。
sometimes: 是个频度副词,意为“有时”,表示动作发生的不经常性,常与一般现在时或一般过去时连用。例句:Sometimes I have lunch at school.有时我在学校吃午饭。
sometime: 是个副词,意为“某时”,指时间上不确定的某一点,常用于过去时或将来时。
I saw him sometime in July.
七月有一天我曾见到过他。
some time: 是个名词短语,意思是“一段时间”,在句中常与for,take等词连用。
I'll stay here for some time.
我将在这儿呆一段时间。
<3.4>【词义辨析】remain, linger, stay
这些动词均有“停留,逗留”之意。
remain: 指某人或某物仍留在原处或保持原来的状态。例句链接B2L53-7:He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.
linger: 着重因愉快的事而使人不愿离开。例句:He made excuses to linger on the stairs.他找借口故意在楼梯口上磨磨蹭蹭。
stay: 普通用词,多指人在某地暂时逗留。有时可指较长时间的居留。
<6.2>【词义辨析】dark, dim, black, gloomy, obscure, vague, grey
这些形容词都含有“完全地或不完全地缺少光亮”之意。
dark: 最普通用词,指缺乏自然光线或人工照明,使某物漆黑无光或光线十分微弱。
dim: 指光线不足或视力较差,不能清晰地看见物体。例句:Most comets are so dim that they can not be seen by the naked eye.彗星很暗淡,肉眼看不见。
black: 侧重颜色是黑色的,有时也指无光的黑暗。例句链接B2L17-6:In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. 例句链接B2L25-2:The railway station was big, black and dark.
gloomy: 指光线不足或部分光线受阻而出现的阴暗。例句:Being alone in that gloomy house gave me the willies.我一个人在那所阴暗的房子心里就发毛。
obscure: 指因光线不充足而使物体灰暗不清,失去光泽或若隐若现。作借喻时指因复杂、深奥或含糊而难于理解。例句:He set the bed in an obscure corner.他把床放在一个昏暗的角落。
vague: 通常作借喻用,形容抽象事物。例句:She is so vague that I can never understand what she is trying to say.她说话含含糊糊,我怎么也听不明白她想说些什么
grey: 与dark意思相近,但侧重阴暗单调的意味。例句:Today, the canopy of the heavens is grey.今天的天幕是灰色的。
<7.3>【词义辨析】date, day
这两个名词均有“日”之意。
date: 指具体的年、月、日,或指年代、时代。例句:What's your card number and expiration date? 你的visa卡号码与有效日期呢?
day: 泛指任何一天,或指含有“一昼夜”意义的一天,也可指工作日。可用复数表时代、时期。
<7.5>【词义辨析】consider, think, believe, count, deem, reckon, regard
这些动词均含有“认为”之意。
consider: 指经过考虑和观察后得出的结论。例句链接B2L96-6:In the early morning, the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it.
think: 普通用词,指按照自己的意见提出看法。
believe: 通常指根据一定的证据,经思考后而认为属实。例句链接B2L28-1:Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
count: 指作出判断后而得出的看法等。例句:Fruity cocktails count as health food, study finds.研究发现,水果鸡尾酒可被视为健康食品。
deem: 正式用词,常用于法律、文学,强调作判断而不是思考。例句:They were deemed to be illegal immigrants.他们被认为是不法移民。
reckon: 指对人或事作全面“权衡”,把各方面意见考虑进去后得出结论。例句:They reckon the book as one of his best works.他们认为这本书是他的优秀作品之一。
regard: 侧重凭外表或表面现象作判断。多强调观点。例句:I regard reading as a form of recreation.我把看书当作一种消遣的形式。
<9.2>【词义辨析】very, right, just
三者都含有“正好;就是”之意。
very: 是形容词,用来修饰名词,位于the, this,my等限定词后。例句:At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam.就在学期开始的时候,他们举行了一次考试。
right: 作副词,用来修饰谓语(常为动词be)或作状语的介词短语等,须放在the, this,my等限定词之前。例句链接B2L61-2:Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble.
just: 作副词与right类似。He is just the actor I want.他正是我所想要的演员。
<11.5>【词义辨析】come, arrive, reach
come: 普通用词,含义广泛。强调到达的动作或进程,不侧重是否到达目的地。也可用于比喻意义。例句链接B2L11-6:Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.
arrive: 侧重到达目的地或达到某一目标。也可用作比喻。
reach: 既可指到达目的地,又可指到达途中的中间站。强调经过的周折或付出的努力。例句链接B2L14-8:I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "Do you speak English?'
12.3>【词义辨析】call on, see, visit, drop in
这些动词或词组均含有“拜访,访问”之意。
call on: 社交上的正式用语,指无目的、礼节性的短暂拜访,访问者与被访问者之间一般只有社交或公务关系。例句:I'd like to call on you this Sunday.我想这个星期天来找你。
see: 常用词,含义广泛,既可指接受他人来访,又可指去访问他人。
visit: 正式用词,强调出于工作需要的访问,也指亲戚朋友间的看望。例句链接B2L03-3:I visited museums and sat in public gardens.
drop in: 多指在计划之外或事先未打招呼的偶然、顺便访问。也可指参观。例句:I dropped in on the Browns on my way home.我在回家的路上顺便走访了布朗夫妇。
<13.3>【词义辨析】still, yet
这两个副词均含有“仍,还”之意。
still: 指过去已经开始的动作,说话时仍在继续,可用于肯定、否定或疑问句中。
yet: 通常用于疑问句和否定句中,指预料要发生的事,但尚未发生。例句链接B2L28-10:But none of them has been turned to stone yet!
<14.3>【词义辨析】perform, conduct, do, execute, fulfil
这些动词均含“做、执行、实施、完成”之意。
perform: 指完成困难较大、较复杂的任务,较正式用词。例句链接B2L39-MC08
conduct: 和perform一样比较正式,二者意义相近,但conduct含指导、领导或监督等意味。例句:The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.导游引导我们游览了古城废墟。
do: 最普通常用词,指完成某项具体工作、任务,也指完成某种行为或动作。
execute: 指需专门技术、熟练技巧去完成某种复杂的任务或表演等,也指用行动把计划或打算付诸实施或执行某项命令。例句:Congress makes the laws; the President executes them.国会制定法律,总统执行法律。
fulfil: 指履行和实现所许诺的、所期望或要求的事情,含最终完成的意味。例句链接B2U04-PRE-T:By the day Kenya officially became independent, it had decayed completely, fulfill the prophecy made over seventy years before by Kibiru.
<14.5>【词义辨析】ask, demand, inquire, question
这些动词均含有“问,询问”之意。
ask: 最普通用词,可与demand, inquire和question换用,但ask用于口语中,指提出问题让人回答。
demand: 指根据自己的权利、职责或身份认为有必要弄清情况而正式发问,常隐含命令对方回答的意味。例句链接B2L94-KS:You demand too much of him; he is not really equal to the task.
inquire: 较正式用词,指为得到真实情况而详细询问或调查了解。例句链接B2L39-4:When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert.
question: 指因感到可疑或为了解情况,弄清究竟而发问,有时指一连串的发问。例句:The teacher will question us on verbs.老师将问我们关于动词的知识。
15.2>【词义辨析】cite, quote, repeat
这些动词均含“引用,复述”之意。
cite: 指引经据典以示证明或凭据。例句:The lawyer cites a previous case to support his argument.律师引用了以前的案例来支持他的论点。
quote: 指不加剪裁的直接引用原文或原话。例句:She asked the reporter not to quote her remarks. 她要求记者不要引述她的话。
repeat: 仅强调口头或笔头重复别人的话或字句,并不必指明出处
<17.2>【词义辨析】always, often, usually, frequently, repeatedly, regularly
这些副词均表示频度。
always: 总是,永远。语气最强,指在一切时候,没有例外。
often: 经常,语气弱于always,侧重动作发生的次数具有经常性,具体时间意味不强。例句链接B2L17-3:In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
usually: 通常,通例地,指习惯性动作,频度仅次于always,较often大,偶尔有间隔。例句链接B2L73-2:A quiet day's fishing, or eight hours in a cinema seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get.
frequently: 时常,经常,与often同义,可通用,但较正式,强调次数频繁。例句链接B2L90-3:Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.
repeatedly: 屡次,强调次数多,但反复的频率不一定均匀。例句:And doing it repeatedly would cause damage.并且重复地这样做会引起毁灭。
regularly: 用于修饰经常而有规律性的动作。例句: It's important to exercise regularly.有规律地锻炼身体非常重要。例句链接B2L 22-5:Both girls write to each other regularly now.
