
If 引导的条件状语从句表示“ 如果… , 假如…” ,表示在某种条件下某事可能发生。含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句由主句和从句构成。If引导的是完整的句子,一定要有主语,称为从句,另一个句子称为主句。
句子结构:1. 祈使句/ 主句( will do )/ 主句(can / must / should 等 +do)+if条件状语从句
2. if条件状语从句 , + 祈使句 / 主句( will do )/ 主句(can / must / should 等 +do)
1. Drop in on me if you have time . = If you have time , drop in on me .
2. I will help you do housework if I finish my homework earlier .
= if I finish my homework earlier , I will help you do housework .
3. You must study hard if you want to pass the exam . = If you want to pass the exam , you must study hard .
特别注意:
(1)上述情况下,条件状语从句必须用一般现在时态表示将来动作。不可用一般将来时。
(2)if条件句和”祈使句+and / or+简单句”句型的转换
Hurry up , or you’ll be late .= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late .
Go straight ahead , and you will find the post office . = If you go straight ahead , you will find the post office .
(3) unless 引导条件状语从句,可以和if转换。 unless(如果不,除非)= if … not …
I won’t go to her birthday party unless she invites me .
专项练习:
1. ______ my watch if your watch ______ . A. Look at ; isn’t work
B. Look at ; doesn’t work C. Look ; works D. Look ; doesn’t work
2. Please get up early _____ you want to catch the first bus . A. or B. because C. and D. if
3. ______ to lock the door if you _____ the last one to leave .
A. Forget ; are B. Don’t forget ; will be C. Forget ; will be D. Don’t forget ; are
4. If you _____ to stay healthy , ____ some exercise every day .
A. want ; do B. wants ; does C. will want ; do D. will want ; does
5. _____ your mother the truth , if you don’t like it .A. Tell B. To tell C. Telling D. Tells
6. If you have something important to tell us , _____ it right now ! A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say
7. If you ______ to the music , buy a CD . A. will listen B. listen C. listening D. listened
8. Be careful if you ______ want to make mistakes . A. won’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. not
9. If you ____ a chance to study in a foreign country , just take it .A. getting B. had got C. will get D. get
10. All of us will be happy _____ you can come with us . A, while B. if C. but D. or
11. If Mr. Smith ____back , please let me know . A. will come B. comes C. come D. had come
12. I am waiting for my friend. _______ , I’ll swim alone .
A. If he doesn’t come B. If he won’t come C. If he will come D. If he is coming
13. I’ll go to the zoo if it _____ tomorrow .A. doesn’t rain B. will rain C. rains D. won’t come
14. If you___ another programme , ___ this button .
A. choose ; press B. chose ; press C. chose ; to press D. choose ; pressing
15. Hurry up , _____ you’ll miss the last bus .
A. or B. if C. so D. then
16. I won’t finish washing the dishes before 7:00 , ____ you _____ help me .
A. unless ; / B. if ; don’t C. when ; / D. A or B
17. --- ______ if he leaves school this afternoon ? ---- The teacher will punish him .
A. What will happen B. What happens C. What happened D. What is happening
18. If he ____ again , you should report him to the police .
A. steal B. steals C. stole D. stolen
19. ____ it is sunny tomorrow, I’ll go hiking with my son .
A. When B. After C. If D. Whether
20. What should I do _____ the machine ______ ?
A. if ; doesn’twork B. whether ; doesn’t work C. unless ; work D. after ; work
句型转换:(同义句转换1-5)
1. If you don’t come home early , your parents will be angry .
_______ _________ early , _____ your mother will be angry .
2. If you keep studying , you may join us one day . ____ studying , ____ you may join us one day .
3. We can’t finish the work on time if you don’t help us . We can’t finish the work on time _____ you help us .
4. Be careful when you cross the street , or you will be in dangerous .
You will be in danger _____ you _______ careful when you cross the street .
5. I won’t go to her birthday party if she doesn’t invite me .
I won’t go to her birthday party ____ she _______ me ./ I will go to her birthday party _____ she _____ me .
6. You copy Tom’s homework . Your teacher will punish you .(合并为一句)
____________________________________________________________________
7. The computer has a virus . The computer doesn’t work . (合并为一句)
____________________________________________________________________
适当形式填空:
1. If she ______ ( run) every day , she will be much stronger .
2. If you _____ ( be) late for school , your teacher _____ (be)angry .
3. If Mary ______ (win)the prize , her parents will be proud of her .
4. If Tom _____ ( not do ) it , his brother ______ (do) it .
5. We _____ ( get) into trouble if the workers _______ ( not help ) us .
6. Please _______ ( tell ) me if you _______(go).
7. I _______ ( leave) for Beijing if it ________ ( not snow) this afternoon .
8. If it _______(not rain)tomorrow , _____(let)us go shopping .
9. If I get up late tomorrow , I _______ (be)late for school .
10. Please bring your ID card . If you ______ (not bring) your ID card , you can’t go to the party .
11. If he _____ (offer) to help mewith my English , I’ll be very happy .
12. Mother told me if I ______ ( do) something wrong I should say sorry to her .
13. If it ______ (snow) tomorrow , we’ll build a snowman .
14. If somebody _______ ( wait) for you , you may go now .
15. If he ______ (go) to the party , I _______ ( go) , too .
16. Could you tell me if my father ______ ( arrive) home on time ?
17. If my father _____ ( have) time tomorrow , he’ll take me to the zoo .
18. _____(visit) the place if you _____ ( are ) interested in it .
19. If you have a cold , _____ ( drink) water as much as possible .
20. If you _____ ( not be ) happy , _______ ( try) ______( listen) to your favourite music .
