2018年高考英语真题试卷

    2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

  英语（新课标II卷）

  注意事项：

  1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

  2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

  3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

  4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

  第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

  做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

  例：Howuchistheshirt?

  A.£19.15B.£9.18c.£9.15

  答案是c。

  第一节

  听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

        1.WhatdoesjohnfinddifficultinlearningGeran?

  A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.c.Graar.

  2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

  A.colleagues.

  B.Brotherandsister.

  c.Teacherandstudent.

  3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

  A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.c.onatrain.

  4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

  A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.c.Adish.

  5.Whatdoesthewoanthinkofherinterview?

  A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.c.Itwassuccessful.

        第二节

  听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

  听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

  6.Whenwilljudygotoaparty?

  A.ononday.B.onTuesday.c.onWednesday.

  7.Whatwillaxdonext?

  A.Flyakite.

  B.Readaagazine.

  c.Dohishoework.

        听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

  8.Whatdoestheansuggestdoingatfirst?

  A.Goingtoaconcert.

  B.Watchingaovie.

  c.Playingacoputergae.

  9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?

  A.Visitike.B.Goboating.c.Takeawalk.

        听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

  10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhuans?

  A.Red.B.Green.c.Blue.

  11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshoe?

  A.Toeattheinasafeplace.

  B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.

  c.Toaketheirownershappy.

  12.Howdoestheansoundattheendoftheconversation?

  A.Grateful.B.Huorous.c.curious.

        听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

  13.Whoisacy?

  A.Ed’sother.B.Ed’steacher.c.Ed’sfriend.

  14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?

  A.Bycar.B.onfoot.c.Bybus.

  15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?

  A.Tellingstories.B.Singsongs.c.Playingwithothers.

  16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?

  A.He’sclever.B.He’squiet.c.He’sbrave.

        听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

  17.AtwhatagedidEilystartlearningballet?

  A.Five.B.Six.c.Nine.

  18.WhydidEilyovetoToronto?

  A.Toworkforadanceschool.

  B.Toperforatadancetheater.

  c.Tolearnconteporarydance.

  19.WhydidEilyquitdancing?

  A.Shewastoooldtodance.

  B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.

  c.Shelostinterestinit.

  20.HowdoesEilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?

  A.She’spleased.B.She’sregretful.c.She’supset.

  第二部阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

  第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)

  阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、c和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

  A

  SuerActivities

  Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Forswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthetoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirtheirchildren’schoices.

  ActivityDescriptioneber

  ofstaffcost

  outdoorAdventure

  (oUT)Takeyourselfoutofyourcofortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.youwillbeabletotakepartinanuberofactivitiesfrocanoeingtowildcapingonDartoor.Learnrockclibingandworkasatea,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironent.r.cleens￡140

  WWⅠBattlefieldsandParis(WBP)onondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarⅠbattlefields.onday3wecrossintoBelgiu.ThursdayseesusaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourtheainsights.rs.Wilson￡425

  craftyfoxes(cRF)Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.akinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandadeaterials.Bags,cushionanddecorations…Learnskillsandleavewithodernandunusualtextiles.rs.Goode￡30

  PottyaboutPotter(PoT)VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedyouthHostelinStreatly-on-Thaes,guidedtourofoxfordtoseethefillocations,picniclunchoutsideoxford’schristchurch,boatingontheRivercherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.issDrake￡150

  21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocaping?

  A.oUT.B.WBP.c.cRF.D.PoT.

  22.WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithrs.Wilson?

  A.TraveltoLondonB.seeaparadeandfireworks.

  c.TourcentralParis.D.VisittheWWIbattlefields.

  23.HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?

  A.Twodays.B.Fourdaysc.FivedaysD.oneweek.

  B

  anyofuslovejulybecauseit’stheonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolorfulandsweetjewelsfroBritishcolubia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

  ofthecoonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitainc,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittleoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshaveuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintoVitainAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocare?However,theyarerichinVitainc.

  Whencobinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitsshakesandlowfat“icecrea”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyareuchsweeter.Reovetheskinandplacetheinplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshleonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventtheturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandtheteperatureofthefreezer.

  Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansiplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsoeberriesorslicedfruit.outcoesa“Soft-serve”creaydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thisakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopoftheachineandwatchingtheicecreacoeoutbelow.

  24.Whatdoestheauthorseetolikeaboutcherries?

  A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitainA.

  c.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.

  25.Whyisfreshleonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?

  A.Toakethesellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.

  c.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toiprovetheirnutrition.

  24.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?

  A.Adessert.B.Adrink.c.Acontainer.D.Aachine.

  25.Frowhichisthetextprobablytaken?

  A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthagazine.

  c.Aresearchpaper.c.Atravelbrochure.

  c

  Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoacoonSenseediareportpublishedonday.

  Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,soedatainthereportshowsthatreadingreainsabigpartofanychildren’slives,andindicateshowparentsighthelpencourageorereading.

  Accordingtothereport’skeyfindings,“theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefro8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday.”

  Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2-8,reainlargelythesae.Buttheaountoftiespentinreadingeachsessionhaddeclined,froclosertoanhourororetoclosertoahalfhourpersession.

  Whenitcoestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatanyparentsstillliitelectronicreadingainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentie.

  Theosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexaplesandiportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcoestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,coparedtoinfrequentreaders,haveorebooksinthehoe,orebookspurchasedforthe,parentswhoreadoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetieforthetoread.

  Attheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloo(逼近)ahead,parentsighttakethechancetostepinandaketheirownsuerreadinglistandplanafailytriptothelibraryorbookstore.

  28.WhatisthecoonSenseediareportprobablyabout?

  A.children’sreadinghabits.

  B.Qualityofchildren’sbooks.

  c.children’safter-classactivities.

  D.Parent-childrelationships.

  29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereadingalotlessforfun”?

  A.Inparagraph2B.Inparagraph3c.Inparagraph4D.Inparagraph5

  30.Whydoanyparentsliitelectronicreading?

  A.E-booksareofpoorquality.

  B.Itcouldbeawasteoftie.

  c.Itayharchildren’shealth.

  D.E-readersareexpensive.

  31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadore?

  A.Actasroleodelsforthe.B.Askthetowritebookreports.

  c.Setupreadinggroupsforthe.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.

  D

  We’vebeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncofortablesilence.

  What’stheproble?Itispossiblethatweallhavecoproisedconversationalintelligence.It’sorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttieyoufindyourselfaongstrangers,considerthatsalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.

  Disissingsalltalkasuniportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Salltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcounication,saysBernardocarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianUniversitySoutheast.“Alosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsalltalk,”heexplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcounicatewiththe.”

  Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBc,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,”sayDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)ebersofoursocialnetworkatterforourwell-beingalso.”

  Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoresearchouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsalltalk.“Salltalkisthebasisofgoodanners,”hesays.

  32.Whatphenoenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

  A.Addictiontosartphones.

  B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

  c.Absenceofcounicationbetweenstrangers.

  D.Ipatiencewithslowservice.

  33.Whatisiportantforsuccessfulsalltalkaccordingtocarducci?

  A.Showinggoodanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.

  c.Focusingonatopic.D.akingbusinessdeals.

  34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsalltalk?

  A.Itiprovesfailyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople’sconfidence.

  c.Itattersasuchasaforaltalk.D.Itakespeoplefeelgood.

  35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

  A.conversationcounts

  B.WaysofakingSallTalk

  c.BenefitsofSallTalk

  D.UncofortableSilence

  第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

  根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

  Ifyouarealreadyakingthetietoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetietoworkout.36Workingoutintheorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

   yourproductivityisiproved.Exercisingakesyouoreawakeandready

  tohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37

   youretabolis(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutin

  theornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.

   39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitisoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

   40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyintheorning,youwillbeorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.

  Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyintheornings.Setyouralarclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

  A.youwillsticktoyourdiet.

  B.yourqualityofsleepiproves.

  c.youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

  D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseintheorning.

  E.youcankeepyouheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.

  F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.

  G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup.

  第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

  第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

  阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、c和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

  Twoweeksearlier,yson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He’dovedtoEnglandwithhisuwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI’d41seenhi.Soiaginey42whenheeailedesayinghewantedtocoetovisite.

  Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150offtheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak(皮筏艇)wasin47.“Soething’snot48!”ItookoffyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandaanlyingacrosstheiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarswithoneoftheinstructors,Ihelped51theyounganoutofwater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,soething52toe.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53“What’shisnae?”Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben,”hereplied,andiediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasyson.

  Theinstructorscalledforanabulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefailyetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57toe.“Ijustwanttosaythankyou,”hesaid.“you58ylife!”

  Istillcan’tbelievewhata59itwas.I’justsogladIwasthere60tohelpyson.

        41.A.alsoB.oftenc.evenD.last

  42.A.delightB.reliefc.angerD.worry

  43.A.scaredB.shockedc.thrilledD.ashaed

  44.A.talkB.stayc.eetD.settle

  45.A.bathedB.cleanc.deepD.fored

  46.A.fasterB.closerc.heavierD.wiser

  47.A.troubleB.advancec.questionD.battle

  48.A.realB.rightc.fairD.fit

  49.A.staredB.sankc.divedD.fell

  50.A.arguingB.fightingc.shoutingD.shaking

  51.A.leadB.persuadec.carryD.keep

  52.A.happenedB.occurredc.appliedD.appealed

  53.A.sharpB.pleasantc.attractiveD.failiar

  54.A.agreedB.hesitatedc.doubtedD.knew

  55.A.FortunatelyB.Franklyc.SadlyD.Suddenly

  56.A.returnB.relaxc.speakD.leave

  57.A.jokedB.returnedc.listenedD.pointed

  58.A.createdB.honoredc.savedD.guided

  59.A.coincidenceB.changec.pityD.pain

  60.A.onboardB.intiec.forsureD.onpurpose

  第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

  阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

  Dietshavechangedinchina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)orecornthanrice.cornproductionhasjupednearly125percentover62past2ears,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.

  Atasteforeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Aniportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernentencouragesfarerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(iprove)waterquality.cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry’sajorlakesandreservoirsandadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

  AccordingtotheWorldBank,chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsuption.ThechineseinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernent68(start)asoil-testingprogra69givesspecificfertilizerrecoendationstofarers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7illiontons.Thatpreventedtheeission(排放）of51.8illiontonsofcarbondioxide.china’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironentwhile70(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicyakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sjuergenVoegele.

  第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

  第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

  请改正下面短文中的错误。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有三处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

  增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；

  删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉；

  修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

  注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

  2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

  WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfailygaenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgaesofallsortinthesittingroo.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnoatterhowanytiesIaskedtowatchingthe,yparentswouldnottolete.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgaeswouldhelpybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegaesforthesoeties.Ididn’trealizehowrightyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegaesyparentstaughtewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinylife.

  第二节书面表达（满分25分）

  你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片GrowingTogether，内容包括：

  1.短片内容：学校的发展；

  2.放映时间、地点；

  3.欢迎对短片提出意见。

  注意：

  1.词数100左右；

  2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

  Notice

  ThereisashortEnglishfilthisweekend.

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