方法一:the aim of this report is to compare……..(加上时间之类的限定词)
The graph shows…… 改写成 the information given/provided by the graph is about……
名词性changes 改为 how……change/vary 万能修改句子
或者改写成show the difference
Show the result of …..
例如: the table below shows the proportion of different categories of family living in poverty in Australia in 1999.
the table illustrate/demonstrate/depicts/indicates/ what percentage of Australian families among various kinds lived in poverty in 1999.
The information given by the table is about the percentage of poor families in Australia coming from various background in 1999.
例二: The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualification in Australia and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.
The bar chart demonstrates how many males and females in Australia in 1999 held various post-school diplomas.
例三:the graph below shows radio and television audiences who are over four years old in the UK throughout the day in 1992
The line graph indicates that how the proportion of UK residents above the age of four who watched TV or listened to radio varied within 24 hours in 1992.
题目:the graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.
The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of A, B,C consumed in a particular European country from 1979 to 2004
用 a range of 改写:题目: the table below shows the consumer durables( telephone, refrigerator, etc.) owned in Britain from 1 to 2.
The chart shows that the percentage of British households with a range of consumer durables steadily increased between 1 to 2.
The changes in the amount of ………
第二段形容趋势的:
形容值一直没变的,一直保持在一个水平:
A (The unit sales of fridges) are likely to remain at 10000 during all the period.
第二个数字如: 10, 15, 15, 20. 相当于先增加之后保持,最后又增加。 A increase( 事态根据具体内容具体确定) during …….from 1 to2. The figure remain at 1 during ….. and soar again to 2 during ……. 两句话
现增加后减少的如: (5,10,10,5.)
The unit sales of 1, however, are likely to fluctuate , starting off at 1 , sales will increase to 2 during…….. and …….., only to decrease to 2 during ……
It first rises from 1 to 2, keeping at it till the third quarter, only to drop back to 1 at the end of the year.
最后总结: 比如想表达A产品为最畅销的产品,获得利润最高等等: in conclusion, A will be 某公司 strongest product in 时间段, followed by b, then c.
当图标给的东西有很多类的时候,这时候要分类讨论。比如一个图表展示了某公司不同年龄段的男女CEO的比例图上有六个区段。 可以分为三部分,六个部分写的太繁琐,女士占优的合并,男生找有事的合并。 最好能够算出男女总的比例。
范文: the company employs almost an equal number of executives of both sexes. However, there are remarkable differences depending on the age range considered.
Female executives dominate (占大多数) in the age group between 24 and 39, where the ratio is 42 to just 10, the first representing the number of women and latter—men.
这个可以模仿: 在一个年龄段男的比女的多,但是有一个区别比较小。、
Nevertheless, in the age range above 40 males are in majority. Although in group 40 to 49, the split is slight ( 29 male executives to 28 female), amongst older managers men dominate. The difference reaches 20 in range 50 to 59.( 两个差20),with 1 male directors and 2 female directors. It decreased half in group 60 to 60., where 10 women hold up position in comparison to 21 men.
范文三: 形容一个趋势也是前三个季度缓慢增长之后下降。
Regarding the /in regards of …….during time, it started around 1 in the first quarter, increased slowly to 2 in the third quarter and then fell to around 3 at the end of the year. 第二年是先略微增长, 之后猛烈下降,最后轻微下降至最低点。 In the 2006, the A rose steadily to 1 during the second quarter before falling rapidly to around 2 in the 3 quarter, ending at 3 in 2006.
第二个趋势: ( 88% 88% 85% 87% 86% 85% 68% 75% )大概这个趋势。
The percentage of trains arriving on time stayed sable at around 1 during the a and b in 2005, the dropped to 3 in the …… before recovering at around 4 at the end of the year. Till the second quarter in 2006 the percentage decreased steadily to 6 before falling rapidly to 7 and recovering to 8 at the end of the year.
自己的例子: in the first three quarters in 2005, the passenger revenue kept steadily increasing from 1 to 2, then experiencing a slightly decrease to nearly 2. On the same time , the percentage of …..had its own pattern. The figure began at 2, reaching the lowest point at 2 in time, ending at 3. Overall the value didn’t change very much. However, in the year 2006, the situation was quiet different. In the first two quarters, the number rose modestly from 1 to 2. After that, the figure witnessed a sharp fall, arriving at lowest point at 2, ending at 3. The proportion of B first decrease…. Followed by a …., recovered to ….
总结: a and b didn’t show the same trend.
最后一遍值得学习的是: 题目给的是12 weeks, 图标上是分成了三个部分。 在作文里需要提醒一下。
The study of 1,2,and d3 covered the time span twelve weeks divided further into three sub-periods.
The figure rose sharply, peaking at level around 1.
描述两个线性图, 第一个线形图关于工业进口和出口的,差别小但都是增加,第二是农业的线形图,两个都是有波动。
……., the import demonstrated overall increasing over the period from 1 to2. No fluctuation are to be remarked.
一直升高偶尔有波动的表达:
Exports rose from 1 to 2 , suffering minor fluctuations (时间点),
总体描写是升高的,之后在多少结束。先升高后降低之后又升高,有微弱降低。 Imports increased slightly , ending the period around ……..over their starting level. They suffered a temporary fall between 1 and 2, followed by a steady recovery. After peaking at around 1 in 2, imports fell slightly to their final rates.
A 和b 一样的趋势: A shows the same performance although at level …… higher than B.
两个柱状图,一个一直增加,一个先增加后减小,但之后减小的仍然比原先的值高。
Focusing our attention on wheat production, it can be seen from the graph that the output rose steadily over the period. It almost doubled, rising from 1 to 2.
The B was …in …., but it increased rapidly reaching a peak of 2000. Since then, it was fell to 2900 which was however more than the minimum price in …..
很重要的一个
这是一个描述不同产品在不同时间的turnover. 利润率。
第一个是一直增加,但一直最高30. 32,34
第二个先降低之后回到原来的位子: 20, 18,20
第三个一直减小: 16,14,7
关于turnover 都这样写:
开头: the chart shows how much of the turnover of a certain company was contributed by each of its three main product areas in the years 200, 2001 and 2002.
Generally speaking washing machines are the strongest and heaters the weakest of the three products. This basic difference between the two became even more pronounced in this three year period with the contribution of washing machines to the company’s turnover rising from thirty percent in 2000 to 34% in 2002, while the share which the heaters contributed dropped from 16% in 2000 to 7% in 2002. The contribution of the third product- cookers- remained relatively steady during this period; it dropped slightly from 22 to 30, but recovered again in 2002.
饼状图:a ( 35% 35% 30%) B ( 59% 25% 16%)
开头: the overall result of ………..shows significant differences between 1 and 2.
According to the ………, companies are almost equally divided between 1, 2 and 3.
The situation in Asia is quite different.( 万能句子)。 Almost 60% of the …… plan to ……., compared to just over a third in Europe.
Moreover, …..less keen on 2 , as only 16% are planning to decrease it, compared to 30% in ….
Finally, the percentage of … who …. … is also lower in , although not to the same extent.
第二篇关于turnover 的文章:
第一段略去:和另一篇一样
描述了三个零售商店的产品销量的利润情况从2000 到2002
第一个:50, 35,,35
第二个:65,70,75.
第三个: 30,20,25
一般都是要总的总结一下:谁是收益最多的,谁是收益最少的。万能句子:
the overall highest turnover was always obtained by ……. In the three years. On the other hand, the smallest turnover was usually made in small shops.
A turnover of 55 million pounds was reached in A , whereas it then plummeted to about 35 million in 2001 and maintained this position throughout 2002.
The B turnover rose steadily from 2000, reaching its peak in 2002 with 40000
Followed by a noticeable drop to …… and a slight increase of ……
总结: the highest results were achieved by A, followed by B and then C
给了两个图形,一个是饼状图描述每个工厂的员工数,另一个是柱状图,关于每个季度每个工厂的利润。
A: 3,5,3,3( 150)
B: 8,8,7,8( 350)
C: 12, 11,10,9(600)
C , the company’s largest factory, employed 600 people and reached profits of 12 in the first quarter of 2003. The profits declined steadily, dropping to 9 in the last quarter.
The factory in …. Had a workforce of 350 people. This made it the company’s second largest plant. Profits remained almost unchanged at 8 million. In the third quarter however, they reached a low at 7.5.
The London factory’s workforce comprised 150 people. Profits did not vary much and remained just over 3 million. Nevertheless, they peaked in the second quarter with earnings exceeding the 4 million level.
商务信函
对于一封咨询信:讲我们公司准备在国外开一个新的分公司,我们的line manager 让我来contact a business advisory service in the country is considering.
内容包括:
Briefly introducing your company
Explaining your company’s plans
Outlining the points you would like advice about
Suggesting a meeting with your company(可以通用)
Dear Sir,
I am writing on behalf of my company ………., a 国家 什么样的公司( a Korean trading house), who specialize in ………… we are very successful in Middle East.
Due to the fact that we would like to expand our business territory in 地点 we wish to investigate the possibility of …….( 把咨询的原因题目叙述一遍). We are aware of the fact that …..可以叙述一下背景)
We hope that by opening a new branch we have better chances in finding customers, and for sure will give credibility and reassurance in next stage to our potential customers that we are on the spot and that we can deal with all inquires efficiently and quickly.
Therefore, would you please advise in which part of 地名, which city we should open our office? Where are the most appropriate customers located?
Please indicate whether in your opinion it’s a good idea for us to open this branch in first place ? what are the advantages and disadvantages of project?
安排会见:
Moreover, we would like to arrange a meeting with your company with your company in order for us to discuss it further. Would you please advise the date you are available for a meeting.
Yours sincerely
回复一个来自于学生的信,学生在信中问道: in their research project, we are studying how this city benefits from the presence of organizations such as yours. We would be grateful for some information from you in this connection.
我的信件包括: thanking them for their letter and introducing yourself
解释如何benefit city
解释如何在未来帮助city
Suggesting a visit to your organization and why such a visit would be useful.
Dear students,
Thank you for your letter. ‘ education for all’ welcomes requests for aid in research, especially from students, as it is your future we strive to protect. My name is lucky and I am in charge of the public relations division(公司公关部门).
Let me start by explaining about the relationship between us and the city. The burgeoning (欣欣向荣)development has unfortunately also caused the impoverished and the underprivileged to be sorely neglected.( 可以作为托福作文的论点) We attempt to bridge this gap by ……. We also interact with the state government on issues of legislature and educational policy. It is our aim to push for a …….
You may have read about us in the News Weekly last week, ----over our five year inception, we have successfully educated……….and secured employment on further vocational training for close to a 100. We hope to double these statistics in the next ……we will continue to lobby for increased expenditure on educational infrastructure and environment protection.
I would very much like to discuss your project further and invite you to visit us at our head office in……. it would enable you to meet some of our project leaders and engage in interactive discussions outlining our present and future ventures . please contact me to discuss this further.
I look forward to receiving you.
Yours sincerely
抱怨信:
对于一个清洁公司的抱怨信:
解释why are you writing
Describing ways in which the cleaning service is unsatisfactory
Saying what effect this has on clients visiting the office(这个也是可以通用的)
Outlining what action you intend to take if the service does not improve.(这个可以通用)
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my concern about the quality level of cleaning services provided by your company to our company----公司姓名
There have been numerous events which resulted in our disappointment in Cleaner’s World level of quality so allow me to name a few.
First of all the litter is not being picked up from all the garbage bins in our building. This results in having an unbearable amounts of waste paper in our rooms.
In addition, corridor floors are swept only once a month and we find it unacceptable.
还可以写拖地的时候太湿,容易滑倒。
玻璃擦的很模糊。
总是丢东西可以是丢私人物品或者是文件
The most important issue I would like to discuss with you are numerous reports of missing goods belonging to our employees. Apparently, and not coincidentally, there is always a notable increase in the number of such reports after the weekly clean-up our offices.
All the above issues have a very deep impact on our clients and visitors , who are making remarks about dust in our waiting room.
As a conclusion, I would like to warn you that if we do not see a drastic improvement in the quality of your service, we will be forced to look for another cleaning company.
Yours sincerely
你工作的一个公司最近遇到了麻烦 找一个咨询公司咨询帮助你们公司
Giving some information about your company
Describing the strengths of your company
Outlining the problems your company has been experiencing(可以通用)
Suggesting arrangements for a visit to your company by the consultants.
Dear Sir,
I am writing on behalf of 公司名称。 偶然company is the third biggest producer of electronic products such as TVs, cameras, cell phones in 国家。 Last year’s sales of our products reached more than 20 billion dollars.
We were also awarded the prize for National Progress Awards( 国家科技进步奖) and our company was rated as the most potential digital products company.
The company was established in 1994 and was developed very fast. Today we are enjoying the position of a credible and supplier and business partner. We have the best equipment and the number of loyal customers is rising constantly.
要是写成教育公司的话: Today we are enjoying the position of a credible and successful education institutions and business partner. We have a good reputation. Abundance of people’s life have been changed after taking our programs. Some of them even have their own company. In addition, we have high-level of employees. 70% of then earned doctor degree and national teacher certification . what’s more, our equipment is much more advanced that our competitors. This high-quality equipment will ensure our clients receive the best service.
However, recently we have experienced certain problems. Two years ago we decided to enter the Russian market. Unfortunately, the expansion turned out to be a failure and we had to withdraw. This led to dramatically losses and now we are looking for possible ways to cut costs and recover.
I am writing to ask you for a consultancy concerning suitable methods of reducing costs in our company. I would like to invite your consultants to come to our head office to discuss further details of the contract. If it is possible , we would like to meet them . would you please inform the date you are suitable for?
Since we have many details to consult and I propose we had better arrange a meeting to handle it. Would you please advise the date you are available for a meeting .
We are looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully