沪教牛津英语7年级下unit5 语法精讲及练习

Unit5语法精讲及练习

How to talk about quantities

1.我们可以用具体的数词(numbers)谈论可数名词的数量，如：fifty boys and forty girls五十名男生和四十名女生

three tons of vegetables三吨蔬菜

4kilograms of meat四公斤肉six million people六百万人

two pairs of shoes两双鞋

2.我们可以在ten,dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million,billion, trillion的后面加上s，然后接介词of,表示几十，几打，几百，几千等，如：

tens of trees几十棵树dozens of eggs几打鸡蛋

hundreds of workers几百名工人thousands of books几千本书millions of animals几百万只动物billions of people几十亿人trillions of dollars几万亿美金

3.我们可以用some表示“一些”，既可以用于可数名词，也可以用于不可数名词，如：

some water一些水some books一些书

some milk一些牛奶some countries一些国家

4.我们可以用“several”表示“若干个，一些”，只能用于可数名词，如：

several trees几棵树several lessons几节课

several friends几位朋友5.我们可以用many表示可数名词的很多,not many表示可数名词的不多，用much表示不可数名词的很多，用not much表示不可数名词的不多，如：

many friends很多朋友many guests很多客人

much money很多钱much time很多时间

There are not many people in the park.公园里的人不多。

There is not much room on the bus.公交车上的空间不多。

6.我们可以用few表示可数名词的很少，用little表示不可数名词的很少He has few friends,so he often feels lonely.他朋友少，所以经常感到孤单We have little time left,please hurry up.我们剩下的时间很少，请快点

7.我们用no表示没有，即可用于可数名词，也可用于不可数名词，如：We have no money.我们没有钱。

We have no friends.我们没有朋友。

8.我们用a lot of/lots of表示“很多，大量”，既用于可数，又用于不可数

a lot of homework大量的家庭作业

a lot of help大量的帮助

a lot of people很多的人

lots of houses大量的房子

9.我们用enough表示足够多的，既用于可数名词，又用于不可数名词We have had enough seeds.我们已经有了足够多的种子。

They don’t have enough money.他们没有足够多的钱。

10.我们用a few表示几个，用于可数名词，如：

There are only a few sodas on the shelf.货架上只有几瓶汽水。

There are a few birds in the tree.树上有几只小鸟。

12.我们用a little表示一点儿，用于不可数名词，如：

There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点儿水。

The boy saved a little money.这个小男孩攒了一点儿钱。

13.我们用how many询问多少，用于可数名词，用how much询问不可数名词的多少，如：

How much work have you finished?你完成了多少工作？

How many books have you finished reading?你看完了多少本书？

谈论数量需要注意：

★可数名词：no,few,a few,some,several,a lot of/lots of,enough,many

★不可数名词no,little,a little,some,a lot of/lots of,enough,much

★可数名词&不可数名词no,some,a lot of/lots of,enough

含义修饰可数名词复

数

修饰不可数名词

多↓少许多a lot of=lots of/plenty of

很多many much

a number of an amount of=amounts of 一些Some（thing）/any（thing）一点点a few=not many a little=not much

很少few little

没有no/none

含义修饰可数名词复数修饰不可数名

词太多too many too much

足够enough

不足not enough

太少too few too little语法填空

The Amazon rainforest

The Amazon rainforest in South America is1._____(large)rainforest in the world.It covers five and2.______half million square kilometers of the Amazon Basin and spreads across nine3._____(country).

The Amazon rainforest is very important because it is home4._____ thousands of animals,birds and insects.However,people are destroying the area by5._____(cut)down many of the trees.This6._____(call)“deforestation”.many7._____(live)things lose their homes because8._____ deforestation.As a result,the number of kinds of animals,birds,insects and trees9._____(decrease).

We must do our best10._____(protect)the Amazon rainforest.

答案

1.the largest

2.a

3.countries

4.to

5.cutting

6.is called

7.living

8.of

9.is decreasing10.to protect

语法填空

Tea is1._____(popular)drink in the world besides water.All tea comes from tea plant.People pick2.______(leaf)from it3._____(make)tea.

The habit of4._____(drink)tea has a long history in China.According to 5._____old story,Chinese Emperor Shennong6._____(discover)tea.Lu Yu,a 7._____(write)during8.____Tang Dynasty,wrote the first book about tea. There are several9._____(type)of Chinese tea,such as white tea,green tea 10._____black tea.(答案:1.the most popular2.leaves3.to make4.drinking 5.an6.discovered7.writer8.the9.types10.and)语法填空

Here are some interesting1.______(fact)about water:

·About70%of the human body2._____(be)water.

·Oceans cover about75%of3._____Earth,but ocean water is4._____ (salt).Therefore most of the water in the world is not drinkable.

·Groundwater may be drinkable,but it’s not easy5._____(find) groundwater that is clean and safe to drink.

·If water drips from your tap every106._____(second),you7._____ (waste)about315liters of water a year—enough to fill two baths.

·8._____(have)a bath uses9._____(two)as much water as taking a shower.Having a shower instead of a bath can save up10._____400liters a week.(答案:1.facts2.is3.the4.salty5.to find6.seconds7.will waste

8.Having9.twice10.to)

语法填空

Venice is famous throughout the world.People also call it the“floating city”and“the city of water”1._____the whole city is on the water—there are over117islands and over400bridges in the city.One of2._____(good)ways to see the city is on a gondola—a3.______(tradition)boat.

答案:

1.because

2.the best

3.traditionalUnit5语法练一练

用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。

1.We need to drink________(much)water on hot days.

2.When there is enough water in the clouds,it________(fall)as rain.

3.Look!The boy________(waste)water.We should stop him.

4.Jack________(drop)a small stone into the water.

5.Some foods are unhealthy because there are________(chemical)in them.

6.If you are tired,please stop________(work)to have a rest.

7.Lucy,do you know how the clouds________(form)?

8.To stay healthy,it's best not________(add)too much cooking oil to dishes.

9.Dad,I can't stand the food you cooked.It is too________(salt).

10.The water in this river isn't________(drink)because it is polluted.

答案 1.more2.falls3.is wasting4.dropped5.chemicals6.working 7.form8.add9.salty10.drinkable

单项选择

从下面每小题的A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。()11.As we all know,water covers about________of the Earth.

A.two three

B.two third

C.two thirds

D.second three ()12.Water flows into seas or oceans________lakes and rivers in the end.

A.past

B.with

C.across

D.through ()13.—Why can't I drink the water in the fridge,Mom?

—It's________cold and is bad for your body.

A.a bit

B.a few

C.little

D.a lot

()14.—Can you get me some juice to drink?I'm thirsty.

—Sorry,there is________.Please ask Sally,instead.

A.too much

B.too many

C.too little

D.too few ()15.—How________are these apples?

—$10each kg.It is so expensive that________of us can buy them.

A.much;all

B.much;few

C.many;all

D.many;few

答案CDDCB

完形填空:阅读下面短文，从短文后每小题的四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Everyone knows water is important to all living things.But do you know these interesting__1__about water?

Without water,the Earth would look__2__the moon.People can live several days without food,but only__3__days without water.Scientists say70%of the human body is made up of water.Water__4__up83%of our blood,70%of our brain,and90%of our lungs(肺).About95%of a tomato is water,and about80% of an apple is water.So__5__can we do to help with water problems?

Keep a shower to10minutes or__6__time.It helps save much water.Use a broom to sweep the floor,the stair,or the sidewalk instead of water.

__7__throw your used water away.Instead,you can use some to water plants or run the toilets.Use a bucket(桶)of water to__8__your bike or the family car instead of water pipes.

Use water only__9__you need it.Don't leave water running.Be sure to turn the tap__10__when you are not using it.()1.A.novels B.books C.facts D.stories ()2.A.as B.at C.for D.like ()3.A.little B.a few C.much D.a little ()4.A.looks B.goes C.picks D.makes ()5.A.how B.what C.when D.which ()6.A.little B.much C.less D.more ()7.A.Almost B.Nearly C.Always D.Never ()8.A.buy B.sell C.wash D.dress ()9.A.when B.since C.after D.before ()10.A.on B.off C.up D.down