
说明一下,我发的这些配置帖子,目标人群都是像我一样刚出来工作,或者刚进入公司实习的朋友们,(也包括好学的校园同学们)扎实的基础是成功的关键,这些配置虽然简单,但却是以后工作中必不可缺的一部分。努力吧大家。祝各位工作顺利、前程似锦。也祝同学们学业有成,找个好公司,有个好工作。yc04
ASA防火墙配置笔记
序言:
Cisco新的防火墙ASA系列已经面市了,将逐步取代PIX防火墙,网上关于ASA配置资料很少,现把我积累的ASA配置技术编写一个文档,供大家参考。
1. 常用技巧
2. 故障倒换
3. 配置telnet、ssh及http管理
4. 常用管理命令
5. 配置访问权限
6. 配置site to site之VPN
7. web 配置(ssl )
8. 远程拨入VPN.
9. 日志服务器配置
10. Snmp网管配置
11. ACS配置
12. AAA配置
13. 升级IOS
14. 疑难杂症
1. 常用技巧
Sh ru ntp查看与ntp有关的
Sh ru crypto 查看与有关的
Sh ru | inc crypto 只是关健字过滤而已
2. 故障倒换
failover
failover lan unit primary
failover lan interface testint Ethernet0/3
failover link testint Ethernet0/3
failover mac address Ethernet0/1 0018.1900.5000 0018.1900.5001
failover mac address Ethernet0/0 0018.1900.4000 0018.1900.4001
failover mac address Ethernet0/2 0018.1900.6000 0018.1900.6001
failover mac address Management0/0 0018.1900.7000 0018.1900.7001
failover interface ip testint 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0 standby 10.3.3.2
注:最好配置虚拟MAC地址
sh failover显示配置信息
write standby写入到备用的防火墙中
failover命令集如下:
configure mode commands/options:
interface Configure the IP address and mask to be used for failover
and/or stateful update information
interface-policy Set the policy for failover due to interface failures
key Configure the failover shared secret or key
lan Specify the unit as primary or secondary or configure the
interface and vlan to be used for failover communication
link Configure the interface and vlan to be used as a link for
stateful update information
mac Specify the virtual mac address for a physical interface
polltime Configure failover poll interval
replication Enable HTTP (port 80) connection replication
timeout Specify the failover reconnect timeout value for
asymmetrically routed sessions
sh failover 命令集如下:
history Show failover switching history
interface Show failover command interface information
state Show failover internal state information
statistics Show failover command interface statistics information
| Output modifiers
3. 配置telnet、ssh及http管理 username jiang password Csmep3VzvPQPCbkx encrypted privilege 15 aaa authentication enable console LOCAL aaa authentication telnet console LOCAL aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL aaa authorization command LOCAL http 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 management ssh 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 inside 4. 常用管理命令 sh -sessiondb full l2l 显示site to site 之通道情况 sh ipsec stats 显示ipsec通道情况 sh -sessiondb summary 显示汇总信息 sh -sessiondb detail l2l 显示ipsec详细信息 sh -sessiondb detail svc 查看ssl client信息 sh -sessiondb detail web 查看web信息 sh -sessiondb detail full l2l 相当于linux下的ipsec whack –status 如果没有建立连接,则表示ipsec通道还没有建立起来。 5. 配置访问权限 可以建立对象组,设定不同的权限,如: object-group network testgroup description test network-object 192.168.100.34 255.255.255.255 access-list inside_access_in line 2 extended permit ip object-group all any access-group inside_access_in in interface inside 6. 配置sitetosite之VPN crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto map outside_map 20 match address outside_cryptomap_20_1 crypto map outside_map 20 set pfs crypto map outside_map 20 set peer 218.16.105.48 crypto map outside_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA crypto map outside_map interface outside isakmp identity address isakmp enable outside isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share isakmp policy 10 encryption 3des isakmp policy 10 hash sha isakmp policy 10 group 2 isakmp policy 10 lifetime 800 tunnel-group 218.16.105.48 type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group 218.16.105.48 ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * peer-id-validate nocheck tunnel-group-map enable rules 注:打打PFS并设定以IP地址作为peer名,一个接口只能有一个加密图 7. web配置(ssl ) web enable outside character-encoding gb2312 csd image disk0:/securedesktop-asa-3.1.1.16.pkg svc image disk0:/sslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkg 1 svc enable customization customization1 title text TEST WebVPN system title style background-color:white;color: rgb(51,153,0);border-bottom:5px groo ve #669999;font-size:larger;vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;font-weight:bold tunnel-group-list enable 注:也可通过ASDM图形界面进行配置 登录后,可访问内部资源,如下例:(客户端首先要安装Java插件jre-1_5_0-windows-i586.exe,并打开浏览器的ActiveX) 1) https://ssl.test.com.cn 输入用户名和密码 2) 出现工具条 3) 在Enter Web Address内输入192.168.40.8即可访问内部网站 4)在browse network输入192.168.40.8即可访问共享文件 5)点击application access,即可查看端口转发设置,如使用putty访问本机的2023端口,则即可通过ssh登录192.168.40.8 8. 远程拨入VPN 相关的ASA配置命令如下: access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip object-group remotegroup any access-list inside_access_in extended permit icmp object-group remotegroup any access-list remote_splitTunnelAcl standard permit 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 access-list client_splitTunnelAcl standard permit 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 ip local pool dialuserIP 192.168.101.1-192.168.101.254 mask 255.255.255.0 group-policy remote attributes dns-server value 202.96.128.68 192.168.40.16 default-domain value test.com.cn username jiang password Csmep3VzvPQPCbkx encrypted privilege 15 crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-DES-MD5 esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-DES-SHA esp-des esp-sha-hmac crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set pfs crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA crypto dynamic-map outside_dyn_map 20 set reverse-route crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic outside_dyn_map crypto map outside_map interface outside tunnel-group remote type ipsec-ra tunnel-group remote general-attributes address-pool dialuserIP default-group-policy remote tunnel-group remote ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * 客户端设置如下: 9. 日志服务器配置 logging enable logging timestamp logging emblem logging trap informational logging asdm warnings logging host inside 192.168.40.115 format emblem logging permit-hostdown -simultaneous-logins 3 10. Snmp网管配置 snmp-server host inside 192.168.40.47 community testsnmp snmp-server location DG-GTEST snmp-server contact jiangdaoyou:6162 snmp-server community testsnmp snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart 注:指定主机后,192.168.40.47才可能进行管理 11. ACS配置 安装后管理:http://ip:2002 通过ACS可以进行授权、认证等等很多功能 因内容太多,暂省略 12. AAA配置 Aaa服务器配置: aaa-server radius_dg host dc03.xxxx.com key dfdfdfdf146**U authentication-port 1812 accounting-port 1813 radius-common-pw dfdfdfdf146**U 对于拨入的配置 tunnel-group vg_testerp general-attributes address-pool ciscouser authentication-server-group radius_dg default-group-policy vg_testerp 13. 升级IOS copy tftp://192.168.40.180/asa/asa721-k8.bin disk0:/asa721-k8.bin boot system disk0:/asa721-k8.bin (多个Image时使用) 14. 疑难杂症 1) 在远程子网不能ping通过对方的网关,如在无锡格兰不能ping 192.168.40.251 输入命令:management-access inside (通过ASDM不能设置这一项) 2) NAT有时不能快速启作用 使用命令:clear xlate即可 №_Cisco→小刘 发表于 2008-6-10 17:27:07 今天一定要把发帖量冲到1000!!!!!冲1000算我一个!!!!先抢101个贴子的名额!!!yc02 №_Cisco→小刘 发表于 2008-6-10 20:52:51 ASA 防火墙的配置是冷门啊?没人来顶. 乡巴佬 发表于 2008-6-10 23:40:03 yc08 yc08 小刘你够强 我帮你顶了 №_Cisco→小刘 发表于 2008-6-11 09:21:58 yc08 yc08 yc08 谢谢帮顶~谢谢帮顶,我会更努力的。yc08 yc08 yc08 №_Cisco→小刘 发表于 2008-6-16 16:39:58 yc02 yc02 yc02 twwdns发表于 2008-6-19 13:14:28 yc02 我也来,支持一下! ach398发表于 2008-6-30 15:56:25 好东西,楼主辛苦了 lqyckevin发表于 2008-9-15 16:57:48 yc15 yc01 yc01 yxxq发表于 2008-10-12 22:52:53 刘哥来顶一下,感谢啊 cn78发表于 2008-11-14 15:28:17 ASA 防火墙的配置是冷门 hjh001发表于 2008-12-31 13:45:29 顶,支持楼主一下 heikexuexi2008发表于 2009-1-14 11:51:10 yc13 yc13 yc13 yc13 yc13 liuyuan328发表于 2009-1-15 10:10:51 魏延 的字是下面哪一项 魏延 的字是下面哪一项 云光小小 发表于 2009-2-4 16:45:16 学些,学习 joel_cai发表于 2009-3-27 09:11:51 不错啊,学习一下。
