心理学词汇1

心理学psychology

心理现象mental phenomenon

心理过程mental process

心理状态mental state

心理活动mental activity

意识consciousness

心理维度psychological dimension

心理运动psychomotor

内部活动internal activity

普通心理学general psychology

实验心理学experimental psychology

行为科学behavioral science

心身关系mind-body relation

心理机能定位localization of mental function

心理能动性mental activism

外周论peripheralism

先天理论nativistic theory强调遗传素质决定人心理的产生与发展。遗传heredity

目的论teleology认为生物和人类的活动受一定目的的引导。

活动activity

活动理论activity theory

认知心理学cognitive psychology

认知cognition相对于情感、意志等心理过程的所有认识过程的总称。包括知觉、注意、表象、学习记忆、问题解决、思维和言语等心理过程。

认知过程cognitive process

认知结构cognitive structure

元认知metacognition

认知失调cognitive dissonance

认知地图cognitive map

认知技能cognitive skill

认知方式cognitive style

信息information

信息论information theory

信息加工information processing

信息加工心理学information processing psychology信息加工理论information processing theory 信息加工模型information processing model 处理器模型central processor model

信息储存information storage

信息提取information retrieval

人工智能artificial intelligence，AI

计算机类比computer analogy

计算机模拟computer simulation

计算机模型computer model

唯心主义心理学idealistic psychology

意动心理学act psychology

唯意志论voluntarism

唯灵论spiritualism强调超自然精神作用。心灵学parapsychology

心灵决定论psychic determinism

心灵致动psychokinesis，PK

心理技术学psychotechnics

内省introspection

内省法introspective method

直觉主义intuitionalism

条件反射conditioned reflex，CR

非条件反射unconditioned reflex

经典性条件作用classical conditioning

工具性条件作用instrumental conditioning 操作性条件作用operant conditioning

操作主义operationalism

操作性定义operational definition

斯金纳箱Skinner box

迷箱puzzle box

强化reinforcement

二级强化secondary reinforcement

强化理论reinforcement theory

反馈feedback

生物反馈biofeedback

次级控制secondary control

皮肤电传导skin conductance

皮肤电反应galvanic skin response

测谎器lie detector心理物理学psychophysics

心理物理学方法psychophysical method

评定量表法rating scale method

阈限threshold，limen

刺激阈限stimulus threshold

绝对感受性absolute sensitivity

绝对阈限absolute threshold

差别感受性differential sensitivity

差别阈限differential threshold

最小可觉差just noticeable difference，J.N.D 极限法limit method

下限lower limit

差别阈限法differential limen method

上差别阈upper difference threshold

下差别阈lower difference threshold

调整法method of adjustment

不确定间距interval of uncertainty

恒定刺激法method of constant stimulus

次数法frequency method

等距法method of equal interval

最小变化法method of minimal change

递增系列ascending series

递减系列descending series

预期误差anticipation error

等级法ranking method

数值评估法method of magnitude estimation

分段法fractionation method

误差error

平均误差法method of average error

恒定误差constant error

偶然误差accidental error

主观相等点point of subjective equality，PSE 正误法method of right and wrong cases

二分法method of dichotomic classification

双重分离double dissociation

消除法method of elimination

阶梯法staircase method

对偶比较法method of paired comparison单一刺激法method of single stimulus

费希纳定律Fechner's law

韦伯分数Weber fraction

韦伯比例Weber ratio

韦伯定律Weber's law

韦伯-费希纳定律Weber-Fechner law

幂函数定律power function law

史蒂文斯定律Stevens'law

对数定律logarithmic law

刺激变量stimulus variable

标准刺激standard stimulus

近端刺激proximal stimulus

等距变量equal interval variable

顺序变量ordinal variable

反应变量response variable

被试变量subject variable

反应response

反应偏向response bias

自然实验natural experiment

开窗实验experiment of open window

双盲实验double blind experiment

准实验quasi-experiment

实验设计experimental design

实验组experimental group，EG

控制组control group，CG又称“对照组”。控制control

控制变量controlled variable

组设计independent group design

组内设计within-group design

组间设计between-group design

匹配组设计matched-group design

拉丁方设计Latin square design

随机组设计random group design

混合设计mixed design

反应时reaction time，RT

简单反应时simple reaction time

选择反应时choice reaction time

选择时间selection time辨别反应时discriminative reaction time

迫选法forced-choice method

口头报告verbal report

自我观察self-observation

观察法observational method

模拟法simulation method

印象法impression method

传记法biographical method

访谈法interview method

问卷法questionnaire

表情法method of expression

有无法yes-no method

提示法anticipation method

抽象分析法method of abstract analysis

信号检测理论signal detection theory

信号检测signal detection

信号噪声分配signal-to-noise distribution

似然比likelihood ratio

内部噪声internal noise

正确否定correct rejection

击中hit

肯定判断affirmative judgement

虚报false alarm

接受者操作特征曲线receiver operating characteristic curve，RO C curve

等感受性曲线isosensitivity curve

感觉sensation

感觉道sense modality

跨通道匹配cross-modality matching

感觉运动sensorimotor

感觉适应sensory adaptation

感觉剥夺sensory deprivation

感觉阈限sensory limen

感觉属性attribute of sensation

感觉器官相互作用interaction of sense organs

感官特殊能量说law of specific sense energy

特殊神经能量specific nerve energy

特异说theory of idiosyncrasy视觉vision

瞳孔pupil

人工瞳孔artificial pupil

视网膜retina

物体大小object size

网象大小retinal size

视网膜对称点corresponding retinal points两个视网膜重叠起来彼此重合的点。

注视点fixation point

视角visual angle

视野visual field

视野计perimeter

视觉central vision

窝视觉foveal vision用眼睛窝的视网膜区注视物体所产生的视觉。

周边视觉peripheral vision

盲点blind spot

中心盲central scotoma

可见光visible light

强度intensity

照度illuminance

视网膜照度retinal illuminance

明度brightness

明度对比brightness contrast

亮度luminance

视见函数luminosity function又称“光亮度函数”。

亮度对比luminance contrast

亮暗比light-dark ratio

视觉阈限visual threshold

能见度visibility

能见度曲线visibility curve

等能光谱equal energy spectrum

光谱光效率曲线spectral luminous efficiency curve

明视觉photopic vision

暗视觉scotopic vision

视觉适应visual adaptation

明适应bright adaptation

暗适应dark adaptation

暗适应曲线dark adaptation curve

马赫带Mach band

对比contrast

同时对比simultaneous contrast

浦肯野现象Purkinje phenomenon

颜色视觉color vision

颜色color

彩色chromatic color

非彩色achromatic color

光谱色spectral color

基色fundamental color

补色complementary color

原色primary color

三原色three primary colors

三色视觉trichromatism

表面色surface color

立体色bulky color又称“膨胀色”。

容量色volume color

饱和度saturation

颜色饱和度color saturation

色度chromaticity

色度图chromaticity diagram

色区color zone

色温color temperature

色误差chromatic error

显色指数color-rendering index

单色仪monochromator产生单一颜色光的仪器。色环color circle

色轮color wheel

色表系color appearance system

颜色方程color equation

颜色立体color solid

芒塞尔颜色立体Munsell color solid

颜色四方形color square

颜色三角color triangle

颜色爱好color preference

颜色宽容度color tolerance

颜色适应chromatic adaptation颜色匹配color matching

同色异谱匹配metameric matching

颜色对比color contrast

颜色混合color mixture

双眼混色binocular color mixture

加色混合additive color mixture

减色混合subtractive color mixture

颜色混合律law of color mixture

补色律law of complementary color

中间色律law of intermediary color

代替律law of substitution

色诱导color induction

诱导色induced color

二色视觉dichromatic vision

斯特鲁普效应Stroop effect

亥姆霍茨视觉说Helmholtz's theory of vision

黑林视觉说Hering's theory of vision

视觉双重说duplicity theory of vision又称“双视觉理论”。阶段说stage theory

发生说genetic theory

色弱color weakness

红色弱red weakness

色盲color blindness

红色盲red blindness

绿色盲deuteranopia又称“乙型色盲”。

红绿色盲red-green blindness，protanopia又称“甲型色盲”。全色盲monochromatism又称“单色视觉”。

蓝色盲tritanopia又称“丙型色盲”。

蓝黄色盲blue-yellow blindness

视敏度visual acuity

分辨discrimination

朗多环视标Landolt ring曾称“兰道环视标”。

闪烁临界频率critical flicker frequency，CFF

闪烁光度法flicker photometry

闪光融合器flicker-fusion apparatus

闪光盲flash blindness

后象after-image

负后象negative after-image正后象positive after-image

视觉后象visual after-image

听觉后象auditory after-image 运动后象movement after-image 动觉后效kinesthetic after-effect 麦科洛效应McCollough effect 听觉hearing，audition

单耳听觉monaural hearing

双耳听觉binaural hearing

心理声学psychoacoustics

内耳inner ear

中耳middle ear

耳蜗cochlea

耳膜eardrum

半规管semicircular canal

频率frequency

振幅amplitude of vibration

主波长dominant wavelength

基线时间baseline time

反映reflection

反射系数reflection coefficient 基音fundamental tone

纯音pure tone

复合音compound tone

倍音overtone

差音difference tone

合音combination tone

乐音musical tone

噪声noise

音高pitch

语音音高pitch of speech sound 响度loudness

音色clang color

音拍beat

音乐知觉music perception

语音听觉phonetic hearing

听觉阈限auditory threshold

听觉敏度auditory acuity听力测量audiometry

听觉范围audibility range

最小可听压minimum audible pressure，MAP 最小可听野minimum audible field，MAF

声压级acoustic pressure level

可听度曲线audibility curve

等响曲线equal loudness contour

等高曲线equal pitch contour

听力图audiogram

音隙tonal gap

音岛tonal island

听力计audiometer

音笼sound cage

声级计sound level meter

声摆sound pendulum

听觉登记auditory register

掩蔽masking

听觉掩蔽auditory masking

后向掩蔽backward masking

前向掩蔽forward masking

声音阴影acoustic shadow又称“听觉追随”。听觉反射acoustic reflex

听觉适应auditory adaptation

听觉疲劳auditory fatigue

听觉闪烁auditory flicker

幻听auditory hallucination

色听colored hearing

听觉理论theory of hearing

听觉频率理论frequency theory of hearing

钢琴说piano theory

共鸣说resonance theory

听觉位置说place theory of hearing

听觉电话说telephone theory of hearing

行波说traveling wave theory

排放说volley theory

化学感觉chemical sensation

嗅觉olfactory sensation

嗅觉阈限olfactory threshold嗅觉计olfactometer

嗅觉缺乏anosmia

嗅觉过敏hyperosmia

味觉gustatory sensation

气味flavour

味觉区taste area

单味觉gustum

味觉敏度taste acuity

味觉阈限taste threshold

味觉绝对阈限taste absolute threshold

味觉融合临界点critical fusion point in taste 味觉四面体taste tetrahedron

味觉适应taste adaptation

味觉混合taste mixture

味觉频率理论taste frequency theory

触觉touch sensation

触觉定位tactual localization

触点touch spot

触觉感受野touch receptive field

两点阈two-point limen

时间总合作用temporal summation

触觉计aesthesiometer

压觉pressure sensation

压觉适应pressure sensation adaptation

温度觉temperature sensation

生理零度physiological zero

中性区neutral zone

温点warm spot

温觉warm sensation

冷点cold point

冷觉cold sensation

热觉heat sensation

烫觉burning sensation

痛觉algesia

痛点pain spot

热辐射法radiant-heat method

痛觉计algesimeter

快痛fast pain慢痛slow pain

热痛觉thermalgesia

灼痛觉thermalgia

痒觉itching sensation

痛觉特殊功能说specific function theory of pain 体觉body sensation

动觉kinesthesis

动觉计kinesthesiometer

本体感受proprioception

肤觉cutaneous sensation

肌觉muscle sensation

振动觉vibration sensation

振动适应vibration adaptation

平衡觉equilibratory sensation

运动协调motor coordination

内脏［感］觉visceral sensation

体内平衡homeostasis

联觉synaesthesia

统觉apperception

知觉perception

知觉过程perceptual process

阈下知觉subliminal perception

知觉防御perceptual defense

知觉警觉perceptual vigilance

超感［官］知觉extrasensory perception

分类知觉categorical perception

知觉选择性selectivity of perception

图形-背景figure-ground

可逆图形reversible figure

鲁宾酒杯-人面图Rubin's goblet profile figure

黄金分割golden section

良好图形good figure

不可能图形impossible figure

轮廓contour又称“周线”。

主观轮廓subjective contour

知觉组织perceptual organization

格式塔组织原则Gestalt principle of organization 连续原则principle of continuity

接近原则principle of proximity

相似原则principle of similarity

知觉恒常性perceptual constancy

颜色恒常性color constancy

明度恒常性brightness constancy

物体恒常性object constancy

形状恒常性shape constancy

大小恒常性size constancy

距离恒常性distance constancy

速度恒常性velocity constancy

超常性over constancy

视知觉visual perception

形状知觉form and shape perception

大小知觉size perception

视觉噪声visual noise

听知觉auditory perception

听觉定位auditory localization

双耳相位差binaural phase difference

双耳时差binaural time difference

双耳强度差binaural intensity difference

双听技术dichotic listening又称“双耳分听”。空间知觉space perception

深度知觉depth perception

距离知觉distance perception

方位知觉orientation perception

立体知觉stereoscopic perception

调节accommodation

眼球调节eyeball accommodation

视网膜象差retinal disparity

视差parallax

运动视差motion parallax

单眼运动视差monocular movement parallax 双眼视差binocular parallax

立体视差stereopsis

视野单象区horopter

单眼深度线索monocular depth cue

双眼线索binocular cue

双眼复视binocular diplopia双眼视象融合binocular fusion

双眼竞争binocular rivalry

双象double image

空气透视aerial perspective

线条透视linear perspective

距离线索distance cue

纹理梯度texture gradient

参照点anchor point

辐合convergence

辐合角angle of convergence

静止网膜象stabilized retinal image

空间频率spatial frequency

空间误差space error

空间总合作用spatial summation

视崖visual cliff

三针实验three-needle experiment

随机点实体图random dot stereogram

随机图形random figure

实体镜stereoscope

[视觉]变形小屋distorted room

时间知觉time perception

时间估计estimation of time

心理时间psychological time

视觉时间误差visual time error

时间误差time error

时间错觉time illusion

运动知觉motion perception

运动觉motor sense

旋转知觉rotation perception

知觉后效perceptual after-effect

图形后效figural after-effect

螺旋后效spiral after-effect

运动后效motion after-effect

真动real movement

真动知觉real movement perception

似动apparent movement

似动知觉apparent movement perception 似动现象apparent movement phenomenon自主运动autokinetic movement

诱导运动induced movement

自动现象self-movement phenomenon

ψ现象ψ-phenomenon

动景器stroboscope

动景运动stroboscopic motion

追踪器pursuitmeter

知觉歪曲perceptual distortion

错觉illusion

视错觉optical illusion

蓬佐错觉Ponzo illusion

波根多夫错觉Poggendorff illusion

几何视错觉geometrical optical illusion 黑林错觉Hering's illusion

横竖错觉horizontal-vertical illusion

费雷现象Fere phenomenon

大小错觉size illusion

方向错觉direction illusion

长度错觉length illusion

透视错觉perspective illusion

运动错觉motion illusion

米勒-莱尔错觉Müller-Lyer illusion

瀑布错觉waterfall illusion

冯特错觉Wundt illusion

拧绳错觉twisted cord illusion

自主运动错觉autokinetic illusion

亚里士多德错觉Aristotle's illusion

艾宾豪斯错觉Ebbinghaus illusion

形重错觉size-weight illusion

月亮错觉moon illusion

亥姆霍茨错觉Helmholtz illusion

站台错觉station illusion

普尔弗里希效应Pulfrich effect

模式识别pattern recognition

面孔识别facial recognition

原型prototype

原型说prototype theory

特征比较模型feature comparison model特征觉察器feature detector

注意attention

随意注意voluntary attention

不随意注意involuntary attention

有意识注意conscious attention

随意后注意post voluntary attention

分配性注意divided attention

选择性注意selective attention

注意广度attention span

注意结构attention structure

注意分配distribution of attention

注意稳定性stability of attention

注意转移shifting of attention

分心distraction

通道容量channel capacity

衰减说attenuation theory

衰减模型attenuation model

过滤器模型filter model

早期选择模型early selective model

中间选择模型middle selective model

加工水平level of processing

有限资源模型resources limitation model

并行分布加工模型parallel distributed processing model 并行加工parallel processing

系列加工serial processing

并行搜索parallel search

系列搜索serial search

自上而下加工top-down processing

自下而上加工bottom-up processing

心象mental imagery

表象image

表征representation

视觉表象visual image

记忆表象memory image

想象表象imaginative image

心理旋转mental rotation

心理扫描mental scanning

想象imagination再造想象reproductive imagination

创造性想象creative imagination

随意想象voluntary imagination

不随意想象involuntary imagination

记忆memory

记忆广度memory span

记忆系统memory system

记忆类型memory type

记忆搜索memory search

二重学说duplex theory

两种记忆说dual-memory theory

初级记忆primary memory

次级记忆secondary memory

记忆组织memory organization

视觉记忆visual memory

听觉记忆acoustic memory

声象记忆echoic memory

情绪记忆emotional memory

情景记忆episodic memory

运动记忆motor memory

陈述性知识declarative knowledge

陈述性记忆declarative memory

非陈述记忆nondeclarative memory

图象记忆iconic memory

语义记忆semantic memory

逻辑记忆logic memory

形象记忆imaginal memory

元记忆metamemory

内隐记忆implicit memory

外显记忆explicit memory

三种记忆系统three types of memory system 瞬时记忆immediate memory

遗觉象eidetic image

全部报告法whole-report procedure

部分报告法partial-report procedure

速示器tachistoscope

短时记忆short-term memory，STM

长时记忆long-term memory，LTM组块chunk

短时记忆广度short-term memory span

工作记忆working memory

布朗-彼得森范式Brown-Peterson paradigm 语义差别法semantic differential method 语义网络semantic network

激活扩散spreading activation

激活扩散模型spreading activation model 层次网络模型hierarchical network model 命题网络模型propositional network model 命题表征propositional representation

命题编码理论propositional code theory

感觉登记sensory register

编码coding

自动编码automatic coding

编码策略coding strategy

语义编码semantic coding

译码decoding

双重编码说dual coding hypothesis

识记memorization

有意识记intentional memorization

无意识记unintentional memorization

关键词［识记］法key word method

意义识记meaningful memorization

记忆术mnemonics

复述rehearsal

保持性复述maintenance rehearsal

储存storage

再现reproduction

再认recognition

再认广度recognition span

再认阈限recognition threshold

启动［效应］priming

语义启动semantic priming

提取retrieval又称“检索”。

回忆recall

自由回忆free recall

顺序回忆ordered recall

系列回忆serial recall

系列位置曲线serial position curve

线索性回忆cued recall

回忆法recall method

节省法saving method

重建法reconstruction method

再学法relearning method

首因效应primacy effect

近因效应recency effect

顺序效应order effect

联想association

联想记忆associative memory

人类联想记忆human associative memory 联想心理学association psychology

联想律association law

因果律law of causation

接近律law of contiguity

对比律law of contrast

类似律law of similarity

联想值association value

自由联想free association

控制联想controlled association

顺行联想forward association

即时联想immediate association

远隔联想remote association

临近联想adjacent association因果联想association by causation

对比联想association by contrast

类似联想association by similarity

联想网络模型associative network model

记住remembering

保持retention

保持曲线retention curve

遗忘forgetting

无意义音节nonsense syllable

动机性遗忘motivated forgetting

线索性遗忘cue-dependent forgetting

遗忘曲线forgetting curve

前摄抑制proactive inhibition

倒摄抑制retroactive inhibition

前摄干扰proactive interference

倒摄干扰retroactive interference

记忆容量有限论theory of limited memory storage

痕迹理论trace theory

记忆痕迹memory trace

干扰理论interference theory

记忆恢复reminiscence

记忆分子理论molecular theory of memory

分子吸收理论molecular absorption theory

约斯特定律Jost's law

显明律law of vividness

蔡加尼克效应Zeigarnik effect

话在嘴边现象tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

语言language

语言组织linguistic organization

语言相对性linguistic relativity沃夫假设的主要概念之一，指不同语言的人有不同的认知模式。

语言功能language function

语言心理学linguistic psychology

心理语言学psycholinguistics

神经语言学neurolinguistics

言语speech

言语心理学speech psychology

言语活动speech act言语知觉speech perception

言语理解speech comprehension

言语生成speech production

言语清晰度speech articulation

内部言语inner speech

自我中心言语egocentric speech

出声语言spoken language

外部言语external speech

书面言语written speech

表情言语expressive speech

身体语言body language又称“体态语言”。

手语sign language手指语和手势语的总称。

手指语finger spelling手势语gesture language

本族语native language

第一语言first language

第二语言second language

语言能力linguistic capacity

双语bilingualism个人或团体使用两种语言。

意义meaning

易读性readability

可懂度intelligibility

理解understanding

直接理解direct comprehension

间接理解indirect comprehension

理解策略comprehension strategy

语调模式intonation pattern

言语范畴知觉categorical perception of speech

眼音距eye voice span

词汇vocabulary

词优势效应word superiority effect

语法grammar

句子成分sentence constituent

语境context

上下文效应context effect又称“背景效应”。言语上下文所形成的环境即语境对阅读或听读的影响。

语言习得装置language acquisition device，LAD

复杂性派生理论derivation theory of complexity

生成理论generative theory生成语义学generative semantics

生成转换语法generative transformational grammar

表层结构surface structure

深层结构deep structure

转换规则transformational rule

转换语法transformational grammar

短语结构语法phrase structure grammar

树形图tree diagram

谓词交叉模型predicate intersection model

图式schema

图式理论schema theory

脚本script知识表征的一种形式，是标准化了的事件系列，用来描述人的行为模式。

故事语法story grammar

概念concept

内部表征internal representation

日常概念everyday concept

自然概念natural concept

人工概念artificial concept

词概念word concept

时间概念time concept

空间概念space concept

合取概念conjunctive concept

析取概念disjunctive concept

概念体系concept system

概念习得concept acquisition

概念确认concept identification

概念发展concept development

概念形成concept formation

概念储存concept storage

概念结构concept structure

概括generalization

抽象abstraction

类比analogy

分析analysis

过滤式分析analysis by filtering

同化assimilation

假设检验说hypothesis-testing theory整体策略whole strategy

分段策略partition strategy

同时性扫描simultaneous scanning

继时性扫描successive scanning

博奕性聚焦focus gambling

保守性聚焦conservative focusing

共同中介说theory of common mediation 沃夫假设Whorfian hypothesis

判断judgement

直接判断direct judgement

逻辑判断logical judgement

三类判断three categories of judgement 决策decision making

决策树decision tree

赌徒谬误gambler's fallacy

推理inference，reasoning

演绎推理deductive inference

归纳推理inductive inference

逆向推理backward inference

间接推理indirect inference

即时推理immediate inference

无意识推理unconscious inference

气氛效应atmosphere effect

思维thinking

思维形式form of thinking

思维过程thinking process

逻辑思维logical thinking

具体思维concrete thinking

抽象思维abstract thinking

联想性思维associative thinking

动作思维action thinking

原始思维archaic thinking

再造思维reproductive thinking

创造性思维creative thinking

发散思维divergent thinking

辐合思维convergent thinking

形象思维imagery thinking

无形象思维imageless thinking自我中心思维egocentric thinking

出声思维thinking aloud

观念运动ideomotor movement

集中性沉思concentrative meditation

直觉intuition

顿悟insight又称“领悟”。

灵感inspiration

思维流畅性fluency of thinking

思维独创性originality of thinking

问题解决problem solving

计划简化法method of planning by simplification

问题表征problem representation

问题空间problem space

迂回问题detour problem

算法algorithm

手段-目的分析means-end analysis

路径-目标理论path-goal theory

启发法heuristics

产生式系统production system

口语记录protocol

思维模拟thinking simulation

心理定势mental set

功能固着functional fixedness

功能性解决functional solution问题解决过程的第二阶段，对保留下来的解决问题的途径作更深入、更具体的思考后所提出的解决问题的具体方案。问题解决定势problem solving set

形式运思formal operation又称“形式运算”。

具体运思concrete operation又称“具体运算”。

技能skill

动作act

动作速度speed of action

动作稳定性action stability

动作灵活性dexterity of action

随意运动voluntary movement

不随意运动involuntary movement

熟练proficiency

练习exercise

程序性知识procedural knowledge

练习曲线practice curve

练习极限practice limit

天花板效应ceiling effect

地板效应floor effect

高原期plateau period

高原现象plateau phenomenon

文森特曲线Vincent curve

迁移transfer

交叉迁移cross transfer

尝试错误说trial-and-error theory 回避性训练avoidance training 习惯habit

镜画mirror drawing

迷津maze

触棒迷津stylus maze

手指迷津finger maze

纸笔迷津paper-pencil maze

情绪emotion