
Lecture Notes (for students)
Words and Expressions
virtual: adj.
1) created and existing only in a computer
I can visit a virtual store and put what I want in my basket at the click of a mouse button.
2) almost what is stated; in fact though not in name
国王处处都受王后的影响,以至于王后成了国家实际上的统治者。
The king was so much under the influence of his wife that she was the virtual ruler of the country.
stretch: v. (cause to) become longer, wider, etc. without breaking
My wool coat stretched when I washed it.
你已经使我忍无可忍了。You are stretching my patience to limit.
submit: vt.
1) give (sth.) to sb. so that it may be formally considered
I am going to submit an application for that job in Microsoft.
2) yield (oneself); agree to obey
Should a wife submit herself to her husband?
Collocation:
submit oneself to 甘受, 服从 submit to 服从于;把…提交给…
submit willingly 心悦诚服
take in:
1) receive, admit 2) include 3) make (clothes) narrower
4) understand 5) deceive 6) see at a glance; see at once
(Directions:) Match the above definitions with the sentences below.
1. The dress was too big, so I took it in. (=3)
2. I didn’t take in what you were saying. (=4)
3. She took in every details of the other woman’s clothes. (=6)
4. Do you mean we should get rid of the stale and take in the fresh? (=1)
5. Don’t be taken in by her promises (=5)
6. This is the total cost of the trip, taking in everything. (=2)
spit: vt. send (liquid, food, etc.) out from the mouth (used in the pattern: spit sth.(out) (at/on/onto sb./sth.))
He’s very ill and spitting (up) blood.
The baby spat its food out on the table.
*他气呼呼地作了答复。(He angrily spat out her answer.)
conversely: adv. in a way that is opposite to sth.
You can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.
but then: yet at the same time
The failure of China’s soccer team looks inevitable. But then, anything can happen in football.
*这个马戏团并不出色,不过观众的要求也并不高。
(The circus was not a very good one, but then, the audience was not demanding.)
suck in: (usu. passive) involve (sb.) in an activity, an argument, etc., usu. against their will
Some teenagers don’t want to get involved with gangs, but they find themselves getting sucked in.
*我不想卷入有关学校改革的辩论。
(I don’t want to get sucked into the debate about school reform.)
keep up with:
1) learn about or be aware of ( the news, etc.)
Carrie likes to keep up with the latest fashions.
He didn’t bother to keep up with the latest news. His only concern was to study.
*他请了位家庭教师,因为他的功课跟不上班上其他同学。
(He hired a tutor because he wasn’t able to keep up with the rest of the class.)
in sight:
1) visible No vehicle is in sight.
哪儿也见不到他。 (He is nowhere in sight.)
2) likely to come soon
(=Peace was in sight at last after four years of war.)
Collocation:
lose sight of 看不见;失去联系; out of sight 看不到,不被看到
emotional: adj.
1) of the emotions
She is grateful to him for his emotional support while she was in trouble.
2) having emotions that are easily excited.
*他非常易动感情,我离开时他哭了
(He was very emotional; he cried when I left.)
rely: vi. depend confidently on, put trust in
*He can always be relied upon for help.
*你放心好了,我会早到的。(You may rely on my early arrival.)
abuse:
1. n. 1) wrong or excessive use
*the abuse of power *alcohol abuse 酗酒
2) cruel treatment
*The abuse of the helpless prisoner made him bitter.
2. vt. 1) put to wrong use; use badly 滥用
*He abused his privileges in activities outside his official capacity.
*他辜负了我对他的信任。(He has abused my confidence in him.)
2) do cruel things to (a person or animal) 虐待
(I won’t allow you to abuse that dog.)
The arrested men have been physically abused.
restore: vt. bring back to a former condition (used in the pattern: restore sth.; restore sb. to sth.)
*Winning three games restored their confidence.
Doing sports every day restored the old man to good health.
flee: v. run away (from)
*They all fled (from) the burning ship.
(He killed his enemy and fled the country.)
appointment: n.
1) agreement to meet or visit sb. at a particular time (followed by with)
*我已约定下午三时去看牙医。(I have an appointment with my dentist at 3pm.)
2) choosing of someone for a position or job 任命
* John took the appointment as director.
Key to the Exs.
P99-101 Vocabulary
I 1. 1)conversely 2) but then 3) symptom 4)spitting 5) abusing 6)tone 7)took…in 8) editing 9)have arranged 10) in sight 11) stretched 12)data
2. 1)…smoking cigarettes jars on me.
2 )…find themselves getting sucked in.
3)…has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.
4)…fled their country to avoid military service/ fled to other countries to ….
5)…restore people’s confidence in it.
3. 1) the virtual; on line; via 2) nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange
3)cue; remarks; his tune
P101 II. Collocation (搭配)
1.We came here all the way on foot.
2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.
3.They are on vacation in Florida.
4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.
5.Don’t worry. Lucy is always on time.
6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.
P102 Comprehensive Exs.
I 1. Text-related 1) Internet 2)click 3) virtual 4) routines 5)arrange 6) nightmare 7) annoying 8) connection 9)crawls 10) take in 11)spit12) data 13) sucked in 14) At times 15) flee 16)on line
P104 Translation
1. Sentence translation
1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.
2) A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.
3) As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.
4) In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.
5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.
2. Passage translation
Perhaps you envy me for being able to work at home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, edit and submit articles via emails, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.
