
A)动词+ 介词
agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合
base on以......(为)根据
listen to听......
get to到达......
fall off (从......)掉下
help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事)
knock at /on敲(门、窗)
laugh at嘲笑
learn ... from ...向......学习
live on继续存在;靠......生活
look after照顾,照看
look at看;观看
look for寻找
look like看起来像
pay for (sth.)付钱;支付
point at指示;指向
point to指向......
prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢
quarrel with (和某人)吵架
regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作
stop ... from阻止......做......
talk about说话;谈话;谈论
talk with与......交谈
think about考虑
think of认为;想起
B)动词+ 副词
ask for请求;询问
carry on坚持下去;继续下去
cut down砍倒
clean up清除;收拾干净
come down下来;落
come along来;随同
come in进来
come on来吧;跟着来;赶快
come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽)
come over过来;顺便来访
drop off放下(某物);下车
eat up吃光;吃完
fall behind落在......后面;输给别人
fall down跌倒;从......落下
find out查出()
get back回来;取回
get down下来;落下;把......取下来
get off下来;从......下来
get on上(车)
get up起床
give up放弃
go on继续
go out出去
go over过一遍;仔细检查
grow up长大;成长
hand in交上来
hold on (口语)等一等; (打电话时)不挂断
hurry up赶快
look out留神;注意
look over (仔细)检查
look up向上看;抬头看
pass on传递;转移到......
pick up拾起;捡起
put away放好;把......收起来
put on穿上;戴上;(戏剧等)上演;放(唱片等)
put down把(某物)放下来
put up挂起;举起
run away流失;逃跑;逃走
rush out冲出去
set off出发;动身;启程
send up发射;把......往上送
shut down把......关上
sit down坐下
slow down减缓;减速
take off脱掉(衣服)
take out取出
throw about乱丢;抛撒
trip over (被......)绊倒
try on试穿(衣服、鞋等);试戴(帽子等)
try out试验;尝试
turn down关小;调低
turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn off关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)
turn over (使)翻过来
wake up醒来
wear out把......穿旧;磨坏
work out算出;制订出
write down写下......
C) be + 形容词+ 介词
be angry with对(某人)发脾气
be interested in对......感兴趣
be able to能;会
be afraid of害怕
be amazed at对......感到惊讶
be excited about对......感到兴奋
be filled with用......充满
be full of充满......的
be good at (= do well in )在......方面做得好;善于
be late for迟到
be made in在......生产或制造
be made of由......组成;由......构成
be pleased with对......感到满意
be proud of以......自豪(高兴)
be used for用于
D)动词+ 名词/ 代词
beg one\\'s pardon请原谅;对不起
do morning exercises做早操
do one\\'s homework做作业
enjoy oneself (= have a good time)过得快乐;玩得愉快
give a concert开音乐会
go boating去划船
go fishing去钓鱼
go hiking去徒步旅行
go skating去滑冰
go shopping (去)买东西
have a cold (患)感冒
have a cough (患)咳嗽
have a headache (患)头痛
have a try尝试;努力
have a look看一看
have a rest休息
have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐;坐下
初中英语常用动词短语
| 1) 动词 + 介词 |
base on
listen to
get to
fall off
help ... with ...
knock at /on
laugh at
learn ... from ...
live on
look after
look at
look for
look like
pay for (sth.)
point at
point to
prefer to ...
quarrel with
regard ... as ...
stop ... from
talk about
talk with
think about
| think of | 同意......的意见(想法);符合 以......(为)根据 听...... 到达...... (从......)掉下 帮助(某人)做(某事) 敲(门、窗) 嘲笑 向......学习 继续存在;靠......生活 照顾,照看 看;观看 寻找 看起来像 付钱;支付 指示;指向 指向...... 宁愿(选择); 更喜欢 (和某人)吵架 把......当作......;当作 阻止......做...... 说话;谈话;谈论 与......交谈 考虑 认为;想起 |
| 2) 动词 + 副词 |
carry on
cut down
clean up
come down
come along
come in
come on
come out
come over
drop off
eat up
fall behind
fall down
find out
get back
get down
get off
get on
get up
give up
go on
go out
go over
grow up
hand in
hold on
hurry up
look out
look over
look up
pass on
pick up
put away
put on
put down
put up
run away
rush out
set off
send up
shut down
sit down
slow down
take off
take out
throw about
trip over
try on
try out
turn down
turn on
turn off
turn over
wake up
wear out
work out
| write down | 请求;询问 坚持下去;继续下去 砍倒 清除;收拾干净 下来;落 来;随同 进来 来吧;跟着来;赶快 出来 ;出现;(花) 开;发(芽) 过来;顺便来访 放下(某物);下车 吃光;吃完 落在......后面;输给别人 跌倒;从......落下 查出() 回来;取回 下来;落下;把......取下来 下来;从......下来 上(车) 起床 放弃 继续 出去 过一遍;仔细检查 长大;成长 交上来 (口语)等一等; (打电话时)不挂断 赶快 留神;注意 (仔细)检查 向上看;抬头看 传递;转移到...... 拾起;捡起 放好;把......收起来 穿上;戴上;(戏剧等)上演;放(唱片等) 把(某物) 放下来 掛起;举起 流失;逃跑;逃走 冲出去 出发;动身;启程 发射;把......往上送 把......关上 坐下 减缓;减速 脱掉(衣服) 取出 乱丢;抛撒 (被 ......)绊倒 试穿 (衣服、鞋等);试戴(帽子等) 试验;尝试 关小;调低 打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等) 关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等) (使)翻过来 醒来 把......穿旧;磨坏 算出;制订出 写下...... |
| 3) be + 形容词 + 介词 |
be interested in
be able to
be afraid of
be amazed at
be excited about
be filled with
be full of
be good at (= do well in )
be late for
be made in
be made of
be pleased with
be proud of
| be used for | 对(某人)发脾气 对......感兴趣 能;会 害怕 对......感到惊讶 对......感到兴奋 用......充满 充满 ......的 在......方面做得好;善于 迟到 在......生产或制造 由......组成 ;由......构成 对......感到满意 以......自豪(高兴) 用于 |
| 4) 动词 + 名词 / 代词 |
do morning exercises
do one's homework
enjoy oneself (= have a good time)
give a concert
go boating
go fishing
go hiking
go skating
go shopping
have a cold
have a cough
have a headache
have a try
have a look
have a rest
have a seat (= take a seat )
have sports
have supper
hear of
hold a sports meeting
make a decision
make a mistake
make a noise
make faces
make friends
make money
take one's place
teach oneself (=learn by oneself )
take photos
take time
take turns
| watch TV | 请原谅;对不起 做早操 做作业 过得快乐;玩得愉快 开音乐会 去划船 去钓鱼 去徒步旅行 去滑冰 (去)买东西 (患)感冒 (患)咳嗽 (患)头痛 尝试;努力 看一看 休息 就坐;坐下 进行体育活动 吃晚餐 听说 举行运动会 作出决定 犯错误 吵闹 做鬼脸 交朋友 赚钱 坐某人的座位;代替某人的职务 自学 照相 花费(时间) 轮流 看电视 |
| 5) 动词 + 名词 / 代词 / 副词 + 介词 |
come up with
get on well with
give birth to
help yourself / yourselves to
make room for
play a joke on
speak highly of
say good bye to
take an active part in
| take care of | 赶上 找到;提出(答案、解决办法等) 与......相处融洽 生(孩子) 自取;随便吃 给......腾出地方 戏弄人;对人恶作剧 称赞 告别;告辞 积极参加 照顾;照料;注意 |
| 6) 其他类型 |
be born
be busy doing
come true
do one's best
fall asleep
go home
go on doing (sth.)
get married
get together
go straight along
had better (do)
keep doing sth.
make sure
| make up one's mind | 醒着的 出生 忙着做...... 实现 尽最大努力 睡觉;入睡 回家 继续做某事 ;尽力 结婚 相聚 沿着......一直往前走 最好(做......) 一直做某事 确保;确认;查明 下决心 |
1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出
2)be at home/work 在家/上班
3)be good at 善于,擅长于
4)be careful of 当心,注意,仔细
5)be covered with 被……复盖
6)be ready for 为……作好准备
7)be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶
8)be interested in 对……感到举
9)be born 出生
10)be on 在进行,在上演, (灯)亮着
11)be able to do sth. 能够做……
12)be afraid of (to do sth. that…) 害怕……(不敢做……,恐怕……)
13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气
14)be pleased (with) 对……感到高兴(满意)
15)be famous for 以……而著名
16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求
17)be from 来自……,什么地方人
18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了
19)be worried 担忧
20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……
21)be covered with 被……所覆盖……
22)be in (great) need of (很)需要
23)be in trouble 处于困境中
24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做……
25)be late for ……迟到
26)be made of (from) 由……制成
27)be satisfied with 对……感到满意
28)be free 空闲的,有空
29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床
30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)
由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、looke、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组
31)come back 回来
32)come down 下来
33)come in 进入,进来
34)come on 快,走吧,跟我来
35)come out出来
36)come out of 从……出来
37)come up 上来
38)come from 来自……
39)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业
40)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读
41)do one's best 尽力
42)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜,读点书,大扫除)
43)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)
44)do morning exercises 做早操
45)do eye exercises 做眼保健操
46)do well in 在……某方面干得好
47)get up 起床
48)get everything ready 把一切都准备好
49)get ready for (=be ready for) 为……作好准备
50)get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽)
51)get back 返回
52)get rid of 除掉,去除
53)get in 进入,收集
54)get on/off 上/下车
55)get to 到达
56)get there 到达那里
57)give sb. a call 给……打电话
58)give a talk 作报告
59)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)
60)give back 归还,送回
61)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告
62)give lessons to 给……上课
63)give in 屈服
)give up 放弃
65)give sb. a chance 给……一次机会
66)give a message to…… 给……一个口信
67)go ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧
68)go to the cinema 看电影
69)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)
70)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)
71)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病
72)go over 过一遍,复习/ go over to 朝……走去
73)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西
74)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)
75)go round 顺便去,绕道走
76)go up 上去
77)go out for a walk 外出散步
78)go on (doing) 继续(做……)
79)go shopping 去购物
80)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作
81)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼
82)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了
83)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会
84)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛
85)have dictation 听见
86)have a try 试一试
87)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴
88)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)
)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于……的报告
90)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水,(一杯茶)
91)have breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
92)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)
93)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶
94)have (have got) a headache 头痛
95)have a fever 发烧
96)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)
97)have a look (at) 看一看……
98)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)
99)have a talk 谈话
100)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步
101)have sports 进行体育锻炼
102)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会
103)have something done 让人(请人)做……
104)have a test/an exam 测验/考试
105)have an idea 有了个主意
106)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做……(最好不要做……)
107)have a word with 与……谈几句话
108)help sb. with sth. 在……方面帮助……
109)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助……做……
110)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉
111)help each other 互相帮助
112)have nothing to do 无事可做
113)keep up with 跟上……,不落后于……
114)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静
115)keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做……
116)keep one's diary 记日记
117)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂,响声)
118)make a living 谋生
119)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做……
120)make faces (a face)做鬼脸
121)make friends (with)与……交朋友
122)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误
123)make room/space for 给……腾出地方
124)make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句
125)make a fire 生火
126)be made from/of 由……制成
127)be made in 在……地方制造
128)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)
129)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典
130)look up 往上看,仰望
131)look after 照管,照看,照顾
132)look for 寻找
133)look like 看上去像
134)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑
135)look out 当心,小心
136)look on …as… 把……当作……看待
137)look around 朝四周看
138)look at 看着……
139)put on 穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子),上演(戏剧)
140)put up 建造,搭起,挂起,举起,张帖
141)put into 使进入,输入
142)put one's heart into 全神贯注于
143)put…down… 把……放下
144)put…into… 把……译成
145)set up 竖起,建起
146)set off 出发,动身
147)set out 出发
148)set an example for 为……树立榜样
149)send for 派人去请(叫)
150)send out 放出,发出
151)end up 把……往上送,发射
152)take one's advice 听从某人劝告
153)take out 拿出,取出
154)take down 拿下
155)take place 发生
156)take one's place 坐……的座位,代替某人职务
157)take the place of 代替……
158)take a walk/rest 散步/休息
159)take it easy 别紧张
160)take sth.with sb. 随身带着
161)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假
162)take care of 关心,照顾,保管
163)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)
1)take an exam 参加考试
165)take away 拿走
166)take back 收回,带回
167)take hold of 抓住……
168)take off 脱下(衣,帽,鞋等)拿掉
169)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)
170)take photos 拍照
171)take some medicine 服药
172)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车,火车/船
173)turn on 开,旋开(电灯,收音机等)
174)turn off 关上(电灯,收音机等)
175)turn in 交出,上交
176)turn…into… 变成
177)turn to 翻到,转向
178)turn down (把音量)调低
179)turn…over 把……翻过来
180)play basketball 打篮球,football 踢足球,volleyball 打排球
181)play games 做游戏
182)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
183)play with snow 玩雪
184)play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑
由其他动词构成的词组
185)think over 仔细考虑
186)arrive at/in a place 到达某处
187)eat up 吃完,吃光
188)do well in 在……干得好
1)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事
190)find out 发现,查出(等)
191)finish off 吃完,喝完
192)stop doing sth. 停止做某事
193)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
194)hold a meting 举行会议
195)hold up 举起
196)hurry up 赶快,快点
197)enter for 报名参加
198)langht at 嘲笑
199)be used to 习惯于
200)used to 过去常常
201)wake…up 唤醒
202)work out 算出
动词短语
203)ask for 向……要……,请求
204)ask for leave 请假
205)send for 派人去请(叫)
206)pay for 付……的款
207)wait for 等候
208)thank for 为……感谢
209)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉
210)look for 寻找
211)leave…for 离开……去……
212)fall off 跌落
213)catch cold 着凉,伤风
214)catch up with 赶上
215)agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见
216)filled……with 把……装满
217)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
218)talk about 谈论……
219)think about 考虑……
220)worry about 担忧……
221)look after 照料
222)run after 追赶,跟在后面跑
223)read after 跟……读
224)smile at 对……微笑
225)knock at 敲(门、窗)
226)shout at 对……大喊(嚷)
227)throw away 扔掉
228)work hard at 努力做……
229)wait in line 排队等候
230)change…into… 变成
231)hurry into… 匆忙进入
232)hurry up 快点
233)run into… 跑进
234)hear of 听说
235)hear from 收到……来信
236)think of 认为,考虑
237)catch hold of 抓住
238)instead of 代替……
239)hand in 交上来
240)stay in bed 卧病在床
初中英语介词用法总结
介词(preposition):也叫前置词。在英语里,它的搭配能力最强。但不能单独做句子成分需和名词或代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语及从句)构成介词短语,才能在句中充当成分。
介词的种类:
(1) 简单介词:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2) 合成介词:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3) 短语介词:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4) 分词介词:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介词短语:
构成例句 介词+名词 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 介词+代词 Could you look for it instead of me? 介词+动名词 He insisted on staying home. 介词+连接代/副词 I was thinking of how we could get there. 介词+不定式/从句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介词的用法:
一、介词to的常见用法
1.动词+to
a)动词+ to
adjust to适应,
attend to处理;照料,
agree to赞同,
amount to加起来达…,
belong to属于,
come to达到,
drink to为…干杯,
get to到达,
happen to发生在某人身上,
hold to紧握,
lead to通向,
listen to听,
occur to想起,
object to反对,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to参考;指的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to负责,
stick to坚持,
turn to求助,
write to给某人写信。
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解释, express to对某人表达, mention to提及, nod to向某人点头, report to报告, say to告知, shout to对某叫, suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈, talk to跟某人谈话, whisper to和某人低声耳语。
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加, compare to比作, carry to运送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给, invite to邀请参加, join to连接到, leave to委托给,reduce to下降至, sentence to判处, take to带到。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to
be alive to觉察;晓得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知晓,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to紧挨着,
be common to对某人来说很普通,
be contrary to违反;反对,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不愿意听,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to对…公平,
be familiar to对某人来说熟悉,
be grateful to对某人心存感激,
be good to对…有好处,
be harmful to对…有危害,
be important to对…重要,
be kind to友好对待,
be known to周知于,
be married to嫁给,
be moved to转移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to对…有必要,
be opposite to在对面,
be opposed to反对,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to专属,
be polite to礼貌待人,
be rude to粗暴对待,
be relative to与…有关,
be strange to不习惯,
be similar to类似,
be suitable to适合,
be true to忠实,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to对…有用,
be used to习惯。
3.to+名词构成的词组
to a degree在某种程度上, to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来,to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself独自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常见用法 at构成的词组比较多,要细心区分。
1.动词+ at
arrive at抵达,call at访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向…开火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对…高兴,smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射击, stare at怒目而视,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖,wonder at吃惊,work at工作。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ at
be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对…保持警觉,be astonished at对…吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧,be delighted at高兴,be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对…失望,be good at擅长, be impatient at对…不够耐心, be mad at狂热于,be pleased at对…感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意,be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对…非常震惊,be terrified at受到…的恐吓,be quick at对…很机敏。
3.at+名词构成的词组
at a distance在一定距离,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一点也不,at any cost不惜一切代价,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手头,at heart在内心里,at home在家;无拘束,at last最后,at least至少,at most最多,at once马上,at present目前。
三、介词on的常见用法
on的用法比较重要,本文介绍它的一些常见用法:
1.动词+on
a)动词+ on要认真区分下面一些词组
act on对…有作用, bring on促使;导致, call on拜访某人,count on依赖, carry on执行,depend on取决, feed on以…为生,figure on料想;推断, go on继续,have on穿着, insist on坚持,keep on继续, lean on依赖, live on以…为生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(电源), take to喜欢;养成;轻易学会,turn on接通(电源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)
base on以…为基础, congratulate on恭贺, fix on固定, have mercy on怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on监视, spend on把时间、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容词+on的词组
be dependent on依赖, be hard on对某人苛刻,be impressed on对…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on对…严格。
3.on+名词构成的词组
on board乘(车,飞机),on call听候召唤, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire着火, on foot步行,on guard在岗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假
四、介词in的常见用法
1.动词+in
a)动词+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;产生;带来, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收获, hand in上缴, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in导致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起;订阅, turn in归还当局。
b)动词+sb./time/money+ in
help sb. in帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in浪费时间或钱做某事。
2. be +形容词+ in
be active in活跃于,be absorbed in专心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牵涉, be clothed in穿着, be disappointed in对…失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有经验, be employed in任职于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的专家, be excellent in在…优秀,be interested in对…有兴趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in迟缓, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in严于, be weak in弱于。
3. in +名词
in advance提前,in all总共,in balance总而言之,in bed卧床,in body亲自,in brief简明扼要,in case万一, in charge主管,in danger有危险, in debt负债, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower开花,in general一般说来,in itself本身, in love恋爱, in order井然有序, in person亲自,in public公开地, in progress有进展, in practice从实践上看, in rags穿着破衣,in research探索, in return作为报答,in ruins一片废墟,in short总之,in theory从理论上看, in trouble有麻烦, in tears眼泪汪汪,in time及时, in turn按顺序, in vain白白地,in view看得见。
五、介词from的常见用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面这些词组意义。
1.动词+from
a)动词+ from
come from来自,date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信,learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。
b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不准做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移动;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分离开来,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容词+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每况愈下,from beginning to end自始至终,from cover to cover从头到尾,from China to Peru到处,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨户,from end to end从头至尾,from first to last自始至终,from hand to mouth勉强糊家,from head to foot从头到脚,from mouth to mouth广泛流传,from sun to sun从日出到日落,from start to finish从头开始,from top to toe从头到脚,from time to time不时地,from top to bottom彻底地。
六、介词for的常见用法
1.动词+for
a)动词+for
account for解释;说明, answer for对…负责,apply for申请;请求,apologize for为…而道歉, beg for请求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for报名参加, fight for为…而战, hope for希望,inquire for查询;求见, leave for离开某地到另一地, look for寻找, long for盼望,mistake for误认为, plan for计划做某事, prepare for为…作准备,provide for为…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for竞选, stand for象征,search for搜寻, send for派人去请, speak for陈述意见、愿望, take for当作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…责备, excuse for宽恕, forgive for谅解, pardon for原谅,pay for花钱买, praise for称赞, punish for对…进行惩罚,push for催逼,reward for酬谢, thank for对…表示谢意。
2. be +形容词+for
be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于,be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名,be fit for适合于, be grateful for对…心存感激, be impatient for对…不耐烦,be late for迟到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准备,be sorry for为…而后悔, be responsible for对…负责,be suitable for适合于, be unfit for不适合, be useful for对…有作用。
3.for+名词构成的词组
for all尽管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain确切地,for company陪着,for ever永远,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免费,for fun为了好玩,for good永远,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life终身,for long长久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure为了消遣,for reason因为…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short简称,for sport好玩,for sure确切地。
4.动词+副词/名词+for构成的短语
be in for将遇到,make up for弥补,go in for从事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…当作理所当然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天赋
初中英语教材后接动名词和不定式作宾语的动词
一、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语。例如:
help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,learn,plan,manage,agree,fail,offer,happen,seem等。例如: He refused to speak on the radio.
二、有些动词或短语只接动名词做宾语:
mind,finish,enjoy,suggest,consider,miss,keep(on),avoid,stand(忍受),allow,practice ,give up,put off,look forward to,feel like,prevent…from,can't help,be/get used to ,be worth doing,be busy doing
例如:
His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.
I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.
She doesn't feel like eating anything,being ill for a few days.
三、有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大。如;like,love,hate,prefer. begin,start.
注意:begin和start本身为进行时,或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时,须接不定式。
例如:When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.
After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.
四、有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词,但其意义有很大区别,须特别注意:
A.remember,forget,接动名词,表示完成意义(=having done),接不定式,表示将来意义:
例如:Please remember to bring me the book I want next time. I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.
B.mean:mean to do=want to do打算,想要……;mean doing:意味着,就是
例如:I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings, Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.
C.stop:stop to do停下来,要干另一件事,不定式作目的状语;stop doing停止
干……,动名词作宾语。例如: After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.
After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.
D.try:try to do,努力,试图干……事;try doing:试着干……事。 例如:He searched everywhere and tried to find his key. He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.
E.want,need,require接动名词表示被动意义,表示"需要、该……";接不定式,表示"想,要干……"。 例如:The room wants cleaning. The matter needs thinking over.(=to be
thought over)
F.go on:go on to do继续干和原来不同的另一件事,不定式作目的状语。go on doing继续干原来同一件事,动名词作宾语。例如: After a smoke,he went on telling us that interesting story. After writing his English composition he went on to work out his maths problems.
G.动词advise,allow,permit,forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词,接复合宾语时用动词不定式。例如:Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit one's health.
The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health. She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her room.=She doesn't allow (permit)anyone to smoke in her room.
