代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。
第一节 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词
1、人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
第一人 称单数 | 第二人 称单数 | 第三人称单数 | 第一人称复数 | 第二人称复数 | 第三人称复数 | |||
阳性 | 阴性 | 中性 | ||||||
主 格 | I (我) | you (你) | he (他) | she (她) | it (它) | we (我们) | you (你们) | they (他们,她们,它们) |
宾 格 | me (我) | you (你) | him (他) | her (她) | it (她) | us (我们) | you (你们) | them (他们,她们,它们) |
(2)、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如:Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / Help me!(救救我!) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)
(3)、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如:--Who is it?(是谁?) –It’s I/me.(是我。)
(4)、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如:
Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我)
(5)、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如:--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样?)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦?) –It’s 12:00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的)
2、物主代词:说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。
第一人 称单数 | 第二人 称单数 | 第三人称单数 | 第一人称复 数 | 第二人称复数 | 第三人称复数 | |||
阳性 | 阴性 | 中性 | ||||||
形容 词性 | my (我的) | your (你的) | his (他的) | her (她的) | its (它的) | our (我们的) | your (你们的) | their (他们的,她们的,它们的) |
名词 性 | mine (我的) | Yours (你的) | his (他的) | hers (她的) | its (她的) | ours (我们的) | yours (你们的) | theirs(他们的,她们的,它们的) |
Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗?) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) / They are their books.(是他们的书)
(2)、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如:
This is your cup,but where is mine?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?) / Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小)
(3)、“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如:
A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。)
[试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。)
3、反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。
第一人
称单数 | 第二人 称单数 | 第三人称单数 | 第一人称复数 | 第二人称复数 | 第三人称复数 | ||
阳性 | 阴性 | 中性 | |||||
myself (我自己) | yourself (你自己) | himself (他自己) | herself (她自己) | itself (它自己) | ourselves (我们自己) | yourselves (你们自己) | themselves (他们/她们/它们自己) |
Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的)
(2)、在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如:
The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好)
一、用适当的人称代词填空:
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia.( its )
3. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)
5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
6. These new houses are so nice. __________are very expensive(them )
7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )
8. Ling Ling is a girl.____studies in a primary school.______ brother lives with ____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )
9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his )
10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )
11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )
二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )
2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )
3..Jack has a dog and so have I.____(he)dog and ____( I ) had a fight (打架).
4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )
6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )
7. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
8. These are your books Kate.Put ________in the desk,please.(they )
9. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )
10. Wei Fang,is that ________ ruler? Yes,it’s.( you )
11. They want a football. Give __________the green one,please. ( they)
12. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )
13. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )
14. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )
Don’t worry,Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)
15. _____is a boy_____ name is Mike.Mikes friends like _____ very much. ( he )
16. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )
17. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )
18. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)
19. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)
20. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? ( you )
三. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk.
Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.
2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.
We all like _________(she,her,hers).
3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.
Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine)?
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.
Can you help _________(he,him,his)?
5. We can’t find our bikes.
Can you help _________(we,us,our,ours)?
6. These are _________(he,him,his) planes.
The white ones are _________(I,me,mine).
四、用括号中的适当形式填空
1 Are these ______(you)pencils?Yes,they are ________(our).
2 Whose is this pencil? —It’s ________(I).
3 I love ________(they)very much.
4 She is________(I)classmate.
5 Miss Li often looks after________(she)brother.
6 Are these ________(they)bags ?
—No, they aren’t ________(their). They are ________(we).
七、选择填空.
1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.
A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she
3. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers B.she C. her D. herself
4. Would you like _____for super?
A: something Chinese B:Chinese something
C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything
5. ______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She B. She’s C. Hers D. Her
6. ——Who taught you English last year?
——Nobody taught me . I taught ______.
A. me B. myself C. mine D. I
7. That bike is _________?
A.he B. him C. his D. it
8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them B. them , they
C. themselves , their D. theirs, they
9. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.
A. That B. It C. She D. This
10. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she
D. Her, me and you
11. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend.
A. me B. I C. he D. his
12. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
13. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim!
— Oh, ____ is from my friend, Mary.
A. he B. it C. she D. it’s
14. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________.
A. he B. his C. her D. him
15. Will anyone go on a trip with him ? — Not ________.
A. I B. me C. mine D. he
16. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by ________.
A. he B. his C. him