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【2018年四六级考试模拟】2017年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第3套)

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【2018年四六级考试模拟】2017年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第3套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIL
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导读PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIL
Part I Writing(30minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay commenting on thesaying "He lp others, and you will be helped when you are in need." You can cite examples to illustrate your vie ws. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes)

说明:由于2017年12月六级考试全国共考了2套听力,本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样,只是顺序不一样,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage throug h carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You m ay not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Many European countries have been making the shift to electric vehicles and Germany hasjust stated that they plan to ban the sale of vehicles using gasoline and diesel as fuel by2030. The country is a lso planning to reduce its carbon footprint by 80-95% by 2050, 26 a shift to green energy in the cou ntry. Effectively, the ban will include the registration of newcars in the country as they will not allow any gasoline 27 vehicle to be registered after2030.

Part of the reason this ban is being discussed and 28 is because energy officials see that theywill not reach their emissions goals by 2050 if they do not 29 a large portion of vehicle emissions. The coun try is still 30 that it will meet its emissions goals, like reducing emissionsby 40% by 2020, but the 3 1 of electric cars in the country has not occurred as fast as ejected.

Other efforts to increase the use of electric vehicles include plans to build over 1 million hybrid and el ectric car battery changing stations across the country. By 2030, Germanyplans on having over 6 mill ion charging stations 32 . According to the International BusinessTimes, electric car sales are expecte d to increase as Volkswagen is still recovering from itsemissions scandal.

There are 33 around 155,000 registered hybrid and electric vehicles on German roads,dwarfed by th e 45 million gasoline and diesel cars driving there now. As countries continue setting goals of reduci ng emissions, greater steps need to be taken to have a 34 effect onthe surrounding environment. While the efforts are certainly not 35 , the results of suchbans will likely only start to be seen by gen erations down the line, bettering the world for thefuture.

A) acceptance B) currently C) disrupting D) eliminate E) exhaust F) futile G) hopeful H)implemen ted I) incidentally J) installed K) noticeable L) powered M) restoration N)skeptical O) sparking

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit. Each s tatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Apple's Stance Highlights a More Confrontational Tech Industry[A] The battle between Apple and law enforcement officials over unlocking a terrorist'ssmartphone is the culmination of a slow turning of the tables between the technologyindustry and the United State s government.

[B] After revelations by the former National Security Agency contractor Edward J. Snowden in2013 th at the government both cozied up to (讨

好) certain tech companies and hacked intoothers to gain access to private data on an enormous sc ale, tech giants began to recognize the United States government as a hostile actor. But if the conf rontation has crystallized in this latest battle, it may already be heading toward a predictable co nclusion: In thelong run, the tech companies are destined to emerge victorious.

[C] It may not seem that way at the moment. On the one side, you have the United Statesgovernme nt's mighty legal and security apparatus fighting for data of the most sympathetic sort: the secre ts buried in a dead mass murderer's phone. The action steinsfrom a federal court order issued on Tu esday requiring Apple to help the Federal Bureau ofInvestigation (FBI) to unlock an iPhone used by o ne of the two attackers who killed 14 peoplein San Bernardino, California, in December.

[D] In the other corner is the world's most valuable company, whose chief executive,Timothy Cook , has said he will appeal the court's order. Apple argues that it is fighting to preserve a principle th at most of us who are addicted to our smartphones can defend:Weaken a single iPhone so that its co ntents can be viewed by the American government andyou risk weakening all iPhones for any gover nment intruder, anywhere.

[E] There will probably be months of legal confrontation, and it is not at all clear which sidewill pre vail in court, nor in the battle for public opinion and legislative favor. Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, and other companieshold most of the cards in this confro ntation. They have our data, and their businessesdepend on the global public's collective belief tha t they will do everything they can to protect that data.

[F] Any crack in that front could be fatal for tech companies that must operate worldwide.If Apple i s forced to open up an iPhone for an American law enforcement investigation, whatis to prevent it fr om doing so for a request from the Russians or the Iranians? If Apple isforced to write code that let s the FBI get into the Phone 5c used by Syed Rizwan Farook, themale attacker in the San Bernardino attack, who would be responsible if some hacker gothold of that code and broke into its other device s?

[G] Apple's stance on these issues emerged post-Snowden, when the company startedputting in plac e a series of technologies that, by default, make use of encryption (加密)

tolimit access to people's data. More than that, Apple—and, in different ways, other techcompanies, i ncluding Google, , Twitter and Microsoft—have made their opposition to the government's c laims a point of corporate pride.

[H] Apple's emerging global brand is privacy; it has staked its corporate reputation,not to ment ion the investment of considerable technical and financial resources, onlimiting the sort of mass s urveillance that was uncovered by Mr. Snowden. So now, formany cases involving governmental intr usions into data, once-lonely privacy advocates findthemselves fighting alongside the most powerful company in the world.

[I]

"A comparison point is in the 1990s battles over encryption," said Kurt Opsahl, general counsel of t he Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy watchdog group.

"Then you had afew companies involved, but not one of the largest companies in the world coming out with a lengthy and impassioned post, like we saw yesterday from Timothy Cook. Its profile hasre ally been raised."

[J] Apple and oilier tech companies hold another ace: the technical means to keep makingtheir devic es more and more inaccessible. Note that Apple's public opposition to thegovernment's request is it self a hindrance to mass government intrusion. And to get at thecontents of a single iPhone, the gov ernment says it needs a court order and Apple's help towrite new code; in earlier versions of the iPh one, ones that were created before Apple foundreligion on (热衷

于) privacy, the FBI might have been able to break into the device by itself.

[K] You can expect that noose (束

缚) to continue to tighten. Experts said that whether or notApple loses this specific case, measures t hat it could put into place in the future will almostcertainly be able to further limit the government's r each.

[L] That is not to say that the outcome of the San Bernardino case is insignificant. As appleand se veral security experts have argued, an order compelling Apple to write software thatgives the FBI a ccess to the iPhone in question would establish an unsettling precedent. Theorder essentially asks Apple to hack its own devices, and once it is in place, the precedent could be used to justify law en forcement efforts to get around encryption technologies inother investigations far removed from natio nal security threats.

[M] Once aimed with a method for gaining access to iPhones, the government could ask touse it proa ctively (先发制人

地), before a suspected terrorist attack—leaving Apple in a bind asto whether to comply or risk an at tack and suffer a public-relations nightmare.

"This is a brand new move in the war against encryption," Mr. Opsahl said.

"We have had plenty ofdebates in Congress and the media over whether the government should have a backdoor,and this is an end run (迂回战

术) around that—here they come with an order to create thatbackdoor."

[N] Yet it is worth noting that even if Apple ultimately loses this case, it has plenty of technical mea ns to close a backdoor over time.

"If they are anywhere near worth their saltas engineers, I bet they are rethinking their threat model as we speak," said JonathanZdziarski, a digital expert who studies the iPhone and its vulnerabilities. [O] One relatively simple fix, Mr. Zdziarski said, would be for Apple to modify future versionsof the i Phone to require a user to enter a passcode before the phone will accept the sort ofmodified operatin g system that the FBI wants Apple to create. That way, Apple could notunilaterally introduce a code t hat weakens the iPhone—a user would have to consent to it.

[P]

"Nothing is 100 percent hacker-proof," Mr. Zdziarski said, but he pointed out that thejudge's order in this case required Apple to provide "reasonable security assistance" tounlock Mr. Farook's phone. If Apple alters the security model of future iPhones so that evenits own engineers' "reasonable as sistance" will not be able to crack a given device whencompelled by the government, a precedent set in this case might lose its lasting force. Inother words, even if the FBI wins this case, in the long run, it loses.

36. It is a popular belief that tech companies are committed to protecting their customers'private d ata.

37. The US government believes that its access to people's iPhones could be used to prevent terroristattacks.

38. A federal court asked Apple to help the FBI access data in a terrorist's iPhone.

39. Privacy advocates now have Apple fighting alongside them against government access topersonal data.

40. Snowden revealed that the American government had tried hard to access private dataon a mass ive scale.

41. The FBI might have been able to access private data in earlier iPhones without Apple'shelp.

42. After the Snowden incident, Apple made clear its position to counter governmentintrusion into personal data by means of encryption.

43. According to one digital expert, no iPhone can be entirely free from hacking.

44. Timothy Cook's long web post has helped enhance Apple's image.

45. Apple's CEO has decided to appeal the federal court's order to unlock a user's iPhone.

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfini shed statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decid e on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through t he centre.

Passage One

Questions46to50are based on the following passage.

At the base of a mountain in Tanzania's Gregory Rift, Lake Natron burns bright red,surrounded by th e remains of animals that were unfortunate enough to fall into the salty water. Bats, swallows and more are chemically preserved in the pose in which theyperished, sealed in the deposits of sodium c arbonate in the water. The lake's landscape is bizarre and deadly—and made even more so by the f act that it's the place where nearly 75percent of the world's flamingos (火烈鸟)are born.

The water is so corrosive that it can burn the skin and eyes of unadapted animals. Flamingos,howeve r, are the only species that actually makes life in the midst of all that death. Onceevery three or four years, when conditions are right, the lake is covered with the pink birdsas they stop flight to breed. Three-quarters of the world's flamingos fly over from other saltlakes in the Rift Valley and nest on sal t-crystal islands that appear when the water is at a specific level—too high and the birds can't build their nests, too low and predators can movebriskly across the lake bed and attack. When the water hi ts the right level, the baby birds arekept safe from predators by a corrosive ditch.

"Flamingos have evolved very leathery skin on their legs so they can tolerate the saltwater," says D avid Harper, a professor at the University of Leicester.

"Humans cannot, andwould die if their legs were exposed for any length of time." So far this year, w ater levelshave been too high for the flamingos to nest.

Some fish, too, have had limited success vacationing at the lake as less salty lagoons (泻

湖)form on the outer edges from hot springs flowing into Lake Natron. Three species of tilapia(罗非鱼) thrive there part-time.

"Fish have a refuge in the streams and can expand into thelagoons when the lake is low and the lag oons are separate," Harper said.

"All the lagoonsjoin when the lake is high and fish must retreat to their stream refuges or die." Oth erwise,no fish are able to survive in the naturally toxic lake.This unique ecosystem may soon be under pressure. The Tanzanian government has onceagain st arted mining the lake for soda ash, used for making chemicals, glass and detergents.Although the pla nned operation will be located more than 40 miles away, drawing the sodaash in through pipelines, c onservationists worry it could still upset the natural water cycleand breeding grounds. For now, thou gh, life prevails—even in a lake that kills almosteverything it touches.

46. What can we learn about Lake Natron?

A) It is simply uninhabitable for most animals.

B) It remains little known to the outside world.

C) It is a breeding ground for a variety of birds.

D) It makes an ideal habitat for lots of predators.

47. Flamingos nest only when the lake water is at a specific level so that their babies can .

A) find safe shelter more easily

B) grow thick feathers on their feet

C) stay away from predators

D) get accustomed to the salty water

48. Flamingos in the Rift Valley are unique in that .

A) they can move swiftly across lagoons

B) they can survive well in salty water

C) they breed naturally in corrosive ditches

D) they know where and when to nest

49. Why can certain species of tilapia sometimes survive around Lake Natron?

A) They can take refuge in the less salty waters.

B) They can flee quick enough from predators.

C) They can move freely from lagoon to lagoon.

D) They can stand the heat of the spring water.

50. What may be the consequence of Tanzanian government's planned operation?

A) The accelerated extinction of flamingos.

B) The change of flamingos'migration route.

C) The overmining of Lake Natron's soda ash.

D) The disruption of Lake Natron's ecosystem.

Passage Two

Questions51to55are based on the following passage.

It is the season for some frantic last-minute math—across the country, employees of allstripes are c ounting backward in an attempt to figure out just how much paid time-off theyhave left in their rese rves. More of them, though, will skip those calculations altogether andjust power through the holiday s into 2017: More than half of American workers don't use upall of their allotted vacation days each y ear.

Not so long ago, people would have turned up their noses at that kind of dedication to thejob. As m arketing professors Silvia Bellezza, Neeru Paharia, and Anat Keinan recentlyexplained in Harvard Busi ness Review (HBR), leisure time was once seen as an indicator ofhigh social status, something att ainable only for those at the top. Since the middle of the20th century, though, things have turned th e opposite way—these days, punishing hours atyour desk, rather than days off, are seen as the mark of someone important.In a series of several experiments, the researchers illustrated just how much we've come toadmire busyness, or at least the appearance of it. Volunteers read two passages, one abouta man who led a life of leisure and another about a man who was over-worked and over-scheduled; when asked to d etermine which of the two had a higher social status, the majority of the participants said the latte r. The same held true for people who used productsthat implied they were short on time: In one expe riment, for example, customers of thegrocery-delivery service Peapod were seen as of higher status than people who shopped atgrocery stores that were equally expensive; in another, people wearing wireless headphoneswere considered further up on the social ladder than those wearing regular hea dphones,even when both were just used to listen to music.

In part, the authors wrote in HBR, this pattern may have to do with the way work itself haschanged over the past several decades.

We think that the shift from leisure-as-status to busyness-as-status may be linked to thedevelopm ent of knowledge-intensive economics. In such economies, individuals who possess the human capita l characteristics that employers or clients value (e. g. , competence and ambition) are expected t o be in high demand and short supply on the job market. Thus, bytelling others that we are busy an d working all the time, we are implicitly suggesting thatwe are sought after, which enhances our per ceived status.

Even if you feel tempted to sacrifice your own vacation days for fake busyness, though, atleast consi der leaving your weekends unscheduled. It's for your own good.

51. What do most employees plan to do towards the end of the year?

A) Go for a vacation.

B) Keep on working.

C) Set an objective for next year.

D) Review the year's achievements.

52. How would people view dedication to work in the past?

A) They would regard it as a matter of course.

B) They would consider it a must for success.

C) They would look upon it with contempt.

D) They would deem it a trick of businessmen.

53. What did the researchers find through a series of experiments?

A) The busier one appears, the more respect one earns.

B) The more one works, the more one feels exploited.

C) The more knowledge one has, the more competent one will be.

D) The higher one's status, the more vacation time one will enjoy.

54. What may account for the change of people's attitude towards being busy?

A) The fast pace of life in modern society.

B) The fierce competition in the job market.

C) The widespread use of computer technology.

D) The role of knowledge in modern economy.

55. What does the author advise us to do at the end of the passage?

A) Schedule our time properly for efficiency.

B) Plan our weekends in a meaningful way.

C) Find time to relax however busy we are.

D) Avoid appearing busy when we are not.

Part IV Translation(30minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish . You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.

洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部,面积很大,但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池,湖的大小很大程度上取决于季节变化。湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得名:湖北意为“湖的北边”,而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地,在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东岸,为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景,每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和世界各地的游客。

2017年12月六级部分真题参(完整版)

PartⅠWriting

Be Generous with Your Help

When it comes to the topic of help, we arefrequently told that,

"Help others, and you will be helped when you are in need. ''Simple asthe saying is, it implies the im portance of helping others in need. What I learn from theremark, in short words, is that helping other s is helping yourself.

Examples can easily be found to make this point clearer. The story of the ant and the dove isa case i n point. An ant slipped into the river when drinking along the river. A dove heard hiscries for help and threw him a leaf, which helped the ant float back to the bank. After a fewdays, a hunter was raising his gun to the dove as she was building her nest. Seeing this, theant ran quickly to bite the hunter's leg. The dove heard the hunter's scream and flew away.

All in all, this example indicates that when we offer our help to others, we are leaving a wayopen for the future. Helping others is a virtue, and we should take some measures to carryforward this virtu e and do others a favor. Only in this way can we build a loving and harmonious society.

PartⅡListening Comprehension

说明:由于2017年12月六级考试全国共考了2套听力,本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样,只是顺序不一样,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35: OLHDG AJBKF

36-45: EMCHB JGPID

46-55: ACBAD BCADC

Part IV Translation

Dongting Lake is a large, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan province, China. It is a floodbasin of th e Yangtze River. Hence, the lake's size largely depends on the season. Theprovinces of Hubei and Hu nan are named after their location relative to the lake. Hubeimeans "North of the Lake" and Hunan, "South of the Lake". Dongting Lake is famous inChinese culture as the birthplace of dragon boat racin g, which is said to have begun on theeastern shores of Dongting Lake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan, the Chu poet (340

-278BC). Together with the lake and its surrounding beauty, the racing appeals to thousands oftouris ts from other parts of China and beyond each year.

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【2018年四六级考试模拟】2017年12月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版 第3套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed."Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIL
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