人体寄生虫学专业英语词汇

                     ——2006年9月整理

总         论

1.human parasitology                          人体寄生虫学

2.medical parasitology                        医学寄生虫学

3.disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)      伤残调整生命年

4.disease burden                               疾病负担

5.food-borne parasitosis                       食物源性寄生虫病

6.emerging parasitic diseases                     新现寄生虫病

7.symbiosis                                    共生

8.commensalisms                                共栖

9.free-living                                  自生生活的

10.mutualism                                        互利共生

11.parasitism                                   寄生

12.parasite                                     寄生虫

13.host                                         宿主

14.protozoa                                      原虫

15.medical protozoology                         医学原虫学

16.helminth                                     蠕虫

17.medical helminthology                        医学蠕虫学

18.medical entomology                           医学昆虫学

19.life cycle                                   生活史

20.opportunistic parasite                       机会致病寄生虫

21.obligatory parasite                          专性寄生虫

22.facultative parasite                         兼性寄生虫

23.endoparasite                                 体内寄生虫

24.ectoparasite                                 体外寄生虫

25.temporary parasite                           暂时性寄生虫

26. definitive host                             终宿主

27. intermediate host                           中间宿主

28. reservoir host                              保虫宿主

29. paratenic host/ transport host              转续宿主

30.nonsterilizing immunity                      非消除性免疫

31.sterilizing immunity                         消除性免疫

32.premunition                                  带虫免疫

33.concomitant immunity                         伴随免疫

34.immunocompromised host                       免疫受累宿主

35.immune evasion                               免疫逃避

36.infective stage                              感染期

37.parasitic infection                          寄生虫感染

38.carrier                                      带虫者

39.suppressive infection                        隐性感染

40.polyparasitism                             多寄生现象

41.larva migrans                              幼虫移行症

42.visceral larva migrans                     内脏幼虫移行症

43.cutaneous larva migrans                    皮肤幼虫移行症

44.ectopic parasitism                         异位寄生

45.parasitic zoonoses                         人兽共患寄生虫病

蠕       虫

线  虫

46. worm                                      蠕虫

47. protocoele                                原体腔

48. pseudocoelom                              假体腔

49. polymyarian type                          多肌型

50. meromyarian type                          少肌型

51. holomyarian type                          细肌型

52. buccal capsule                            口囊

53. vas deferens                              输精管

54. cloaca                                    泄殖腔

55. seminal vesicle                           储精囊

56. ejaculatory duct                          射精管

57. copulatory spicule                        交合刺

58. copulatory bursa                          交合伞

59. seminal receptacle                        受精囊

60. acetylcholinesterase                      乙酰胆碱酯酶

61. molt                                      蜕皮

62. Ascaris lumbricoides                      似蚓蛔线虫（蛔虫）

63. round worm                                蛔虫

. ascariasis                                蛔虫病

65. adult worm                                成虫

66. chitinous layer                           几丁质层

67. ascarosidal layer                         蛔甙层

68. albuminoid layer                          蛋白质层

69. oviposition                               产卵

70. hatch                                     孵化

71. fertilized egg                            受精卵

72. unfertilized egg                          未受精虫卵

73. direct fecal smear                        粪便直接涂片

74. Trichuris trichiura                       毛首鞭形线虫（鞭虫）

75. whip worm                                 鞭虫

76. trichuriasis                              鞭虫病

77. Enterobius  vermicularis                  蠕形住肠线虫（蛲虫）

78. pinworm                                   蛲虫

79. enterobiasis                              蛲虫病

80. enuresis                                 遗尿症            

81. cellophane-tape impression               透明胶纸粘贴法

82. Ancylostoma duodenale                    十二指肠钩口线虫（十二指肠钩虫） 

83. Necator americanus                       美洲板口线虫（美洲钩虫）

84. hookworm                                 钩虫

85. hookworm infection                       钩虫感染

86. hookworm disease                         钩虫病

87. buccal cavity                            口囊

88. cutting plate                            切板

. dorsal ray                               背辐肋

90. caudal spine                             尾刺

91. esophageal spear                         咽管矛

92. filariform larva                         丝状蚴

93. rhabditiform larva                       杆状蚴

94. negative geotropism                      向上性

95. thermotaxis                              向温性

96. ground itch                              地痒疹，粪毒

97. anemia                                   贫血

98. allotriophagy                            异嗜症 

99. eosinophilia                             嗜酸性细胞增多症

100.anticoagulants                       抗凝素

101.Trichinella spiralis                 旋毛形线虫（旋毛虫）

102.trichinelliasis                      旋毛虫病

103.stichocyte                           杆细胞

104.filaria                              丝虫

105.lymphatic filariasis                 淋巴丝虫病

106.Wuchereria bancrofti                 班氏吴策线虫（班氏丝虫）

107.Brugia malayi                        马来布鲁线虫（马来丝虫）

108.microfilaria                         微丝蚴

109.sausage-shape larvae                 腊肠期蚴

110.sheath                               鞘膜

111.cephalic space                       头间隙

112.excretory pore                       分泌孔

113.body nuclei                          体核

114.excretory cell                       分泌细胞

115.terminal nuclei                      尾核

116.lymphadenitis                        淋巴结炎

117.lymphangitis                         淋巴管炎

118.funiculitis                          精索炎

119.orchitis                             睾丸炎

120.epididymitis                         副睾炎

121.fibrosis                             纤维化

122.nocturnal periodicity                夜现周期性

123.elephantiasis                        象皮肿

124.hydrocele testis                     睾丸鞘膜积液

125.chyluria                             乳糜尿

126.Onchocerca volvulus                  旋盘尾线虫（盘尾丝虫）

127.Loa loa                              罗阿罗阿线虫（罗阿丝虫）

128.thick blood film                     厚血片

129.furapyrimidone                       呋喃嘧酮

130.river blindness                      河盲症

131.loiasis                              罗阿丝虫

132.kalabar swelling                     卡拉巴丝虫性肿块 

                             吸     虫

133.Class Trematoda                      吸虫纲

134.hermaphroditism                      雌雄同体

135.vas efferens                         输出管

136.vas deferens                         输精管

137.seminal vesicle                      储精囊

138.cirrus organ                         阴茎

139.sucker                               吸盘

140.oral sucker                          口吸盘

141.ventral sucker                       腹吸盘

142.acetabulum                           腹吸盘

143.vitelline gland                      卵黄腺

144.Mehlis’ gland                       梅氏腺

145.ootype                               卵模

146.Laurer’s canal                      劳氏管

147.seminal receptacle                   受精囊

148.excretory bladder                    排泄囊

149.excretory pore                       排泄孔

150.operculum                            卵盖

151.snail                                螺

152.vitellaria                           卵黄腺

153.vitelline duct                       卵黄管

154.genital atrium                       生殖腔

155.collecting tube                      集合管

156.tegument                             皮层 

157.pharynx                              咽

158.flame cell                           焰细胞

159.genital sinus                        生殖窦

160.miracidium                           毛蚴

161.sporocyst                            胞蚴

162.redia                                雷蚴

163.cercaria                             尾蚴

1.metacercaria                         囊蚴

165.encyst                               成囊

166.excyst                               脱囊

167.adolescaria                          童虫

168.adolescent worm                      童虫

169.Clonorchis sinensis                  华支睾吸虫（肝吸虫）

170.liver fluke                          肝吸虫 

171.clonorchiasis                        华支睾吸虫病（肝吸虫病）

172.cirrhosis                            肝硬化

173.cholangitis                          胆管炎

174.cholelithiasis                       胆石症

175.Fasciolopsis buski                   布氏姜片虫（姜片虫）

176.fasciolopsiasis                      姜片虫病（姜片虫病）

177.planorbiid snail                     扁卷螺

178.red caltrop                          红菱

179.water chestnut                       荸荠

180.water bamboo                         茭白

181.Paragonimus westermani               卫氏并殖吸虫（肺吸虫）

182.paragonimiasis                       并殖吸虫病、肺吸虫病

183.Pagumogonius skrjabini               斯氏狸殖吸虫

184.crayfish                             喇蛄

185.stage of abscess                     脓肿期

186.stage of fibrous cyst                囊肿期

187.stage of fibroscar                   纤维疤痕期

188.Charcot-Leyden crystal               夏科雷登氏结晶

1.bronchitis                           支气管炎

190.bronchiectasis                       支气管扩张

191.hemoptysis                           咯血

192.biopsy                               活组织检查

193.Schistosoma japonicum                日本血吸虫

194.schistosomiasis japonica             日本血吸虫病

195.Schistosoma haematobium              埃及血吸虫

196.Schistosoma mansoni                  曼氏血吸虫

197.gynecophoral canal                   抱雌沟 

198.spine                                棘

199.dioecious                            雌雄异体的

200.copulation                           交配

201.mother sporocyst                     母胞蚴

202.daughter sporocyst                   子胞蚴

203.schistosomula                        童虫

204.soluble eggs antigen                 可溶性虫卵抗原

205.eosinophilic abscess                 嗜酸性脓肿

206.ulceration                           溃疡

207.hematuia                             血尿

208.penetration gland                    穿刺腺

209.infiltration                         浸润

210.granuloma                            肉芽肿

211.fibrosis                             纤维化

212.portal hypertension                  门静脉高压

213.splenomegaly                         脾肿大

214.ascites                              腹水

215.caput medusae                        脐周静脉曲张

216.esophageal varices                   食道静脉曲张

217.concomitant immunity                 伴随免疫

218.sedimentation hatching method        沉淀孵化法

219.circumoval precipitin test           环卵沉淀试验

220.Oncomelania hupensis                 湖北钉螺

221.amphibious                           两栖的

绦     虫

222.cestode                              绦虫

223.tapeworm                             带虫

224.Class Cestoda                        绦虫纲

225.scolex                               头节

226.neck                                 颈部

227.strobilus                            链体

228.proglottid                           节片

229.gravid proglottid                    孕节

230.uterine branches                     子宫侧支

231.Cyclophyllidea                       原叶目

232.Pesudophyllidea                      假叶目

233.rostellum                            顶突

234.bothrium 

235.oncosphere                           六钩蚴

236.hexacanth larva                      六钩蚴

237.embryophore                          胚膜

238.coracidium                           钩球蚴

239.procercoid                           原尾蚴

240.plerocercoid, sparganum              裂头蚴

241.Taenia solium                        猪肉绦虫

242.Cysticercus cellulosae               猪囊尾蚴

243.bladder worm                         囊虫

244.cysticercosis                        囊虫病

245.Taenia saginata                      牛肉绦虫

246.Cysticercus bovis                    牛囊尾蚴

247.Echinococcus granulosus              细粒棘球绦虫

248.echinococcosis                       棘球蚴病（包虫病）

249.hydatid cyst                         棘球蚴

250.hydatid disease                      棘球蚴病（包虫病）

251.carnivore                            食肉动物

252.herbivore                            食草动物

253.germinal layer                       生发层

254.brood capsule                        育囊

255.daughter cyst                        子囊

256.protoscolex                          原头节

257.hydatid sand                         棘球砂

258.Spirometra mansoni                   曼氏迭宫绦虫

259.sparganosis mansoni                  曼氏裂头蚴病

260.sparaganum                           裂头蚴

261.sparganosis                          裂头蚴病

262.sucking groove                       吸槽

263.Cyclops                              剑水蚤

2.procercoid                           原尾蚴

265.plerocercoid                         裂头蚴

266.Hymenolepis nana                     短膜壳绦虫

267.cysticercoid                         似囊尾蚴

原     虫

268.protozoa                             原虫

269.pseudopodium                         伪足

270.flagellum                            鞭毛

271.flagellate                           鞭毛虫

272.cilium                               纤毛

273.ciliate                              纤毛虫

274.undulating membrane                  波动膜

275.ectoplasm                            外质

276.endoplasm                            内质

277.lysosome                             溶酶体

278.kinetoplast                          动基体

279.kinetosome                           基体

280.axostyle                             轴柱

281.trophozoite                          滋养体

282.cyst                                 包囊

283.vesicular nucleus                    泡状核

284.compact nucleus                      实质核

285.cytosome                             胞口

286.cytopharynx                          胞咽

287.cytopyge                             胞肛

288.contractile vacuole                  伸缩泡

2.food vacuole                         食物泡

290.glycogen vacuole                     糖原泡

291.chromatoid body                      拟染色体

292.pinocytosis                          胞饮

293.phagecytosis                         吞噬

294.asexual reproduction                 无性生殖

295.binary                               二

296.multiple fission                     多

297.schizogony                           裂体生殖

298.exogenous budding                    外出芽

299.endogenous budding                   内出芽

300.sporogony                            孢子生殖

301.sexual reprooduction                 有性生殖

302.conjugation                          接合生殖

303.gametogony                           配子生殖

304.female gamete                        雌配子

305.male gamete                          雄配子

306.alternation of generations           世代交替

307.Entamoeba histolytica                溶组织内阿米巴

308.Entamoeba dispar                     迪斯帕内阿米巴

309.amoebiasis                           阿米巴病

310.amoebic colitis                      阿米巴结肠炎

311.intestinal amoebiasis                肠阿米巴病

312.extraintestinal abscess              肠外阿米巴病

313.amoebic liver abscess                阿米巴肝脓肿

314.cast carrier / cyst passenger        包囊携带者

315.Gal/GalNAc inhibitable lectin        半乳糖/乙酰氨基半乳糖可抑制性凝集素   

316.amoeba pore                          阿米巴穿孔素

317.cysteine proteinases                 半胱氨酸蛋白酶

318.amoeboma                             阿米巴肿

319.odine-stain smear                    碘液染色涂片

320.primary amoebic meningoencephalitis  原发性阿米巴性脑膜炎(PAM)

321.granulomatous amoebic encephalitis   肉芽肿性阿米巴性脑膜炎(GAE)

322.Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK)          棘阿米巴角膜炎

323.Lesishmania donovani                 杜氏利什曼原虫

324.leishmaniasis                        利什曼病

325.Kala-azar                            黑热病

326.visceral leishmaniasis               内脏利什曼病

327.cutaneous leishmaniasis              皮肤利什曼病

328.mucocutaneous leishmaniasis          皮肤粘膜利什曼病

329.amastigote                           无鞭毛体

330.promastigote                         前鞭毛体

331.rhizoplast                           根丝体，鞭毛根

332.sandfly                              白蛉

333.hepatomegaly                         肝肿大

334.NNN medium                           三N培养基

335.Trypanosoma gambiense                冈比亚锥虫

336.Trypanosoma rhodesiense              罗得西亚锥虫

337.Trypanosoma cruzi                    枯氏锥虫

338.Chagas’ disease                     恰加斯病

339.Giardia lamblia                      蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫

340.giardiasis                           贾第虫病

341.duodenal aspiration                  十二指肠引流

342.Trichomonas vaginalis                阴道毛滴虫

343.vaginitis                            阴道炎

344.urethritis                           尿道炎

345.chromatic basal rod                  基染色杆

346.parabasal fibril                     副基纤维

347.plasmodium                           疟原虫

348.malaria                              疟疾

349.Plasmodium vivax (P.v)               间日疟原虫

350.Plasmodium falciparum (P.f )         恶性疟原虫

351.Plasmodium malariae (P.m)            三日疟原虫

352.Plasmodium ovale (P.o)               卵形疟原虫

353.merozoite                            裂殖子

354.sporozoite                           子孢子

355.hypnozoite                           休眠子

356.oocyst                               卵囊

357.exoerythrocytic stage (EE)           红细胞外期

358.erythrocytic stage                   红细胞期

359.preerythrocytic stage                红细胞前期

360.ring-form                            环形体

361.amoeboid form                        阿米巴型

362.schizont                             裂殖体

363.macrogametocyte                      雌配子体

3.macrogamete                          雌配子

365.microgametocyte                      雄配子体

366.microgamete                          雄配子

367.exflagellation                       出丝

368.malarial pigment                     疟色素

369.Schuffner’s dot                     薛氏点

370.Ziemann’s dot                       奇氏点

371.Maurer’s dot                        茂氏点

372.tertian malaria                      间日疟

373.quartan malaria                      三日疟

374.malignant malaria                    恶性疟

375.zygote                               合子

376.ookinete                             动合子

377.incubation period                    潜伏期

378.paroxysm                             发作

379.recrudescence                        再燃

380.relapse                              复发

381.parasitemia                          原虫血症

382.mortality                            死亡率

383.morbidity                            发病率

384.chemoprophylaxis                     化学预防

385.antimalarial                         抗疟的

386.pernicious malaria                   恶性疟

387.cerebral malaria                     脑型疟

388.hyperpyrexia                         高热

3.algid malaria                        厥冷型疟

390.primary attack                       初发

391.tachysporozoite                      速发型子孢子

392.bradysporozoite                      迟发型子孢子

393.hyperplasia                          增生

394.tropical splenomegaly syndrome       热带巨脾综合症

395.thrombocytopenia                     血小板减少

396.nephritis                            肾炎

397.premunition                          带虫免疫

398.immune evasion                       免疫逃避

399.Toxoplasma gondii                    刚地弓形虫

400.toxoplasmosis                        弓形虫病

401.opportunistic protozoan              机会致病原虫

402.tachyzoite                           速殖子

403.bradyzoite                           缓殖子

404.Cryptosporidium                      隐孢子虫

405.Pneumocystis carinii                 卡氏肺孢子虫

医 学 节 肢 动 物

406.medical arthropod                    医学节肢动物

407.medical arthropodology               医学节肢动物学

408.insect                               昆虫

409.entomology                           昆虫学

410.chitinize                            几丁质化

411.haemocoele                           血体腔

412.hemolymgh                            血淋巴

413.ecdysis / molt                       蜕皮

414.metamorphosis                        变态

415.complete metamorphosis               完全变态

416.in complete metamorphosis            不完全变态

417.mechanical transmission              机械性传播

418.biological transmission              生物性传播

419.arbo-disease                         虫媒病

420.mosquito                             蚊

421.antenna                              触角

422.compound eye                         复眼

423.ocellus                              单眼

424.mouthparts                           口器

425.prothorax                            前胸

426.mesothorax                           中胸

427.metathorax                           后胸

428.haltere                              平衡棒

429.eclosion                             孵化

430.pupa                                 蛹

431.pupation                             化蛹

432.emergence                            羽化

433.cocoon                               茧

434.proboscis                            喙

435.piercing and sucking                 刺吸

436.lapping                              舐

437.palp                                 触须

438.maxillary palp                       下颚须

439.wiggler                              孑孓

440.gonotrophic cycle                    生殖营养周期

441.hibernation                          越冬

442.yellow fever                         黄热病

443.dengue fever                         登革热

444.dengue haemorrhagic fever            登革出血热

445.epidemic encephalitis B              流行性乙型脑炎

446.fly                                  蝇

447.myiasis                              蝇蛆病

448.lapping mouthparts                   舐吸式口器

449.sandfly                              白蛉

450.breeding place                       孳生地

451.sandfly fever                        白蛉热

452.flea                                 蚤

453.plague                               鼠疫

454.bubonic plague                       腺鼠疫

455.pneumonic plague                     肺鼠疫

456.proventriculus                       前胃

457.louse                                虱

458.epidemic typhus                      流行性斑疹伤寒

459.relapsing fever                      回归热

460.trench fever                         战壕热

461.cockroach                            蜚蠊（蟑螂）

462.tick                                 蜱

463.hard ticks                           硬蜱

4.soft ticks                           软蜱

465.tick borne encephalitis              蜱传脑炎（森林脑炎）

466.Q fever                              Q 热

467.Lyme disease                         莱姆病

468.chigger mite                         恙螨

469.trombiculosis                        恙螨皮炎

470.itch mite                            疥螨

471.Scrcoptes scabiei                    人疥螨

472.Scabies                              疥疮

473.follicle mite                        蠕形螨

474.Demodex folliculorum                 毛囊蠕形螨

475.Demodex brevis                       皮脂腺蠕形螨

476.dust mite                            尘螨

附2 

常用抗寄生虫药物

抗原虫药物

chloroquine             氯喹

quinine                 奎宁

mefloquine              甲氟喹

artemisinin             青蒿素

artesunate              青蒿琥酯

artemether              蒿甲醚

primaquine              伯氨喹啉

pyrimethamine           乙胺嘧啶

metronidazole           甲硝咪唑（灭滴灵）

tinidazole              替硝唑

ornidazole              奥硝唑

secnidazole             塞克硝唑

paromomycin             巴龙霉素

chiniofonum             喹碘方

diloxanide              安特酰胺

natrium stibogluconate  葡萄糖酸锑钠

抗蠕虫药物

albendazole                   阿苯哒唑（丙硫咪唑、肠虫清）

mebendazole                   甲苯哒唑

praziquantel                  吡喹酮

hetrazan /diethylcarbamazine  海群生/乙胺嗪

ivermectin                    伊维菌素

Areca nut                     槟榔

pumpkin seed                  南瓜子