
2、助动词,主要分为do和does。do用于主语为'非三单'(I,you,复数); does用于主语为'三单'(he,she,it,名词单数)助动词用于“否定句和疑问句”,后面一律加“动词原形”。
例:(1)I like apples. 否定句: I don't like apples.
一般疑问句:Do you like apples?肯定回答: Yes,I do. 否定回答: No, I don`t.
(2)He reads books on Sundays. 否定句:He doesn't read books on Sundays.
一般疑问句:Does he read books on Sundays?
肯定回答:Yes,he does. 否定回答:No,he doesn't.
3、主语为'非三单'时,动词用原形;主语为'三单'时,动词后面加-s或-es。
4、名词单数变复数规则变化的规律
(1)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词,加-es。如bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches
(2)以o结尾,有的单词加-es,如tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes
有的单词加-s,如piano-pianos,photo-photos
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,把y改成i,再加es,如story-stories,baby-babies
(4)单词以f或fe结尾的,把f或fe改成ves。如,knife-knives,leaf-leaves
(5)一般情况直接加-s,如 boy-boys,girl-girls,apple-apples
不规则变化
(1)字母a或o变成e,如man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese
(2)单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese ,people
(3)其他:child-children,mouse-mice
5、many+可数名词复数,much+不可数名词
some、any后面既可以加可数名词复数,也可以加不可数名词
some用于肯定句和表示请求及建议的一般疑问句(Would you like/ Can(May/Could) I ...?)
例如:(1)I'd like some apples.
(2)There is some water in the glass.
(3)Would you like some tea? May I have some noodles?
any用于否定句和疑问句
例如:(1)I don’t have any notebooks.
(2)I don’t have any soup for lunch.
(3)Do you have any sisters? Is there any Coke?
6、形容词前面必须用be动词。
例:He is my music teacher. Lucy is polite.
7、情态动词:can,could,may,would,should,have to,has to,后面必须加动词原形。
例如: I can swim. I have to eat vegetables.
祈使句用动词原形。表示请求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you),一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。
如:Let's go to school. Open the door,please.
8、冠词 a 、an、the
不定冠词(a、an),表示泛指,a+辅音,如 a young man, a university student
an+元音,如 an e-mail, an active girl,an interesting book
定冠词(the),表示特指、世界上独一无二的东西,如the sun,the Great Wall(注:there be不与the连接)
9、时间介词 in,on,at
in+一段时间:年份;季节;月份;上午、下午、晚上
on+具体时间:X月X日;星期几;节假日
at+时间点:at noon,at night,几点钟(at 7 o’clock;at 7:30)
10、play+体育项目,如play football,play chess,play sports,play basketball
play + the + 乐器,如play the piano,play the pipa,play the violin
11、问人的外貌、个性特征以及物体的外观句式:
What + be动词+主语+like?
12、问星期几
What day is it today/tomorrow?
13、问你午餐吃了什么?(已吃) What do you have for lunch?
问你午餐想吃什么?(未吃) What would you like for lunch?
问午餐有什么吃? (未吃) What’s for lunch?
14、It’s time for + 名词,如 It’s time for music class.
It’s time to + 动词,如 It’s time to go to school.
15、The first day of a week is Sunday.
16、like + 可数名词复数/不可数名词,如 I like Mondays. / I like beef.
like + 动词的现在分词(动词的ing形式),如 I like reading.
like + to + 动词原形,如 I like to read a book.
