一． 名词
1.house home family
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| house | 房子 / 住宅 | a new house |
| home | 家 / 家乡 | go / leave home |
| family | 家人 / 家庭 | family and friends |
b. I really felt at ___________ while staying with you in the holiday.
c. The Browns bought a 4—bedroom __________ in downtown last month.
d. The Browns are very worried because their only daughter has left ______without saying anything to them and they can’t find her anywhere.
2.sound voice noise
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| sound | 声音 / 声响 / 声 | the sound of music |
| voice | 嗓音 / 说话声 | speak in a loud voice |
| noise | 噪音 / 吵闹声 | make so much noise |
b. The best woman singer of the year has got a sweet _____________.
No wonder she is so popular.
c. We know light travels much faster than ____________.
d. The students are always asked not to make much _________ in class.
3.road street way
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| road | 路 / 公路 | a busy main road |
| street | 街道 / 大街 | 10 Downing Street |
| way | 路线 / 方式 | on one’s way home |
Certainly. Go down this _____________ and turn left at the second traffic light, it is right on your right hand side.
b. Michael is driving his new sports car fast on a country ____________.
c. There are more and more modern buildings on both sides of this _______.
二．代词
1.few a few little a little
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| few ( fewer fewest ) | 很少（否定）， 修饰可数名词 | few people 很少人 few mistakes 很少错误 |
| a few | 一些 / 几个（肯定） 修饰可数名词 | a few people 几个人 a few mistakes几处错误 |
| little ( less least ) | 很少 / 几乎没有（否定） 修饰不可数名词 | little money 很少钱 little time 很少时间 |
| a little | 一些 / 少量（肯定） 修饰不可数名词 | a little money 一些钱 a little time 一些时间 |
b.The actor has played many different roles these years, but only ___________ are remembered by people.
c.Mrs Jones has to go to the supermarket since there is ___________ food left in the fridge.
d.Would you like some apple juice, dear ?
Yes, mum, but just _____________ .
e.Jim has made ________ and ________ mistakes in his exams since he became more and more careful.
f.Can you tell me which glass has the ___________ water, Jess?
2.many / much a lot of / lots of plenty of a great deal of a large number of
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| many (more most) | 许多 修饰可数名词 | too many people |
| much (more most) | 许多 / 大量 修饰不可数名词 | too much homework |
| a lot of / lots of | 许多 / 大量 修饰可数 / 不可数名词 | lots of Christmas presents |
| plenty of | 大量 / 充足 修饰可数 / 不可数名词 | plenty of rain / vegetables |
| a great deal of | 许多 / 大量 修饰不可数名词 | a great deal of time |
| a large number of | 许多 / 大量 修饰可数名词 | a large number of fans |
a. There is ____________ rain this summer. The crops grow well.
b. Young ladies usually spend ___________ money on fashionable clothes.
c. Do you have ____________ housework to do this weekend, May?
Yes. I have to do ____________ cleaning and washing.
d. He made so _________ mistakes that he didn’t pass the final exam.
e. You ought not to spend so _________ time playing computer games if you want to make your dream come true.
f. ____________________ foreign visitors have just arrived at our new school.
And the number of them is around 20.
3. another the other others the others
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| another | 另一（接可数名词单数，泛指） 又 / 再（接名词短语） | another foreigner another six minutes |
| the other | 另一（接可数名词单数，特指） 其他（接可数名词复数，特指） | the other foreigner the other foreigners |
| others | 其他（不可接名词，泛指） | some… others… others = other people |
| the others | 其他（不可接名词，特指） | one… the others … |
b. Mr Li has two daughters. One is a nurse. ___________ is a secretary.
c. We could see tens of children in the big garden when we got there.
Some were playing badminton., __________ were playing hide-and-seek.
d. All the students were there when the principal stepped into the room.
One was standing beside the window while ___________ were sitting .
e. The German girl walked for a whole week in the American jungle after the terrible accident. She had to walk for __________ four days to reach the nearest village.
4. both all ; neither none ; either each every
意思
范围
| 都 | 都不 | 之一 | 每个 | |
| 两者 | both | neither | either/each | each |
| 三者或以上 | all | none | each | every |
b.__________ the old people are well taken care of in our country, aren’t they?
c.Although the old woman has two sons, _________ of them wants to take care of her. What a heartless thing they’ve done!
d.Mrs Black has already tried on several pairs of shoes, but _________ fits her well. How disappointed she is!
e.Guangzhou has become a modern large city. You can see lots of tall buildings on ___________ side of its main roads, especially in Tianhe District.
f.__________ child will be given a special present if they win in the competition next Saturday. I think ________ of them is looking forward to it.
g. __________ of the twins are interested in listening to classical music, but __________ of them likes doing exercise.
三．介词
1．between among
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| between | 在…( 两者 ) 之间 | between Tom and Tim |
| among | 在…( 三者或以上 ) 中 | among the people |
b. It is said that the temperature today is ___________ 20 and 28.
c. His beautiful villa is ____________ those trees. The air there is so fresh.
d. Jill found his favourite magazine ___________ the pile of old things.
2. as like
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| like像 | prep. 用于名词/代词前 | like me |
| as 照方式 作为 | conj. 用于从句 前 prep. 用于名词 / 代词前 | as I do as a scientist |
b. Diana is wearing a long white wedding dress ___________ her twin sister’s. How beautiful they are!
c. __________ a inventor, Edison had lots of useful inventions.
d. ____________ a secretary, Linda must do ________ her manager asks.
3.besides except except for
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| besides除…之外（还） | 通常表示“包括” 如同 with | `many other hobbies besides collecting stamps |
| except除…之外 | 通常表示“不包括” 如同 without | every day except Sunday |
| except for除…之外 | 与except大致相同，常用于范围不同的情况 | nothing except for a boy |
(Water-skiing is also one of his favourite sports.)
b. His cousin likes all sports _____________ water-skiing.
(His cousin doesn’t like water-skiing )
c. All the guests arrived at the party on time __________ Oscar.
(Oscar didn’t arrive at the party on time.)
d. The police found nothing in the kitchen _____________ a dead body.
4. with in by use
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| use | 动词 | use a knife / chopsticks use German as a second language |
| with | 介词 接工具 | with knives and forks with a stick |
| in | 介词 接方式 | in another way, in English in a low / loud voice |
| by | 介词 接方式 接动作 | by e-mail / letter by doing sth. |
b. At dinner, the Chinese people usually____________ chopsticks
while people in western countries ___________ knives and forks.
c. You may cut the orange ____________ this knife, but you must be careful since it is very sharp.
d. The professor spoke ______ a loud voice so that everyone in the hall could hear him clearly.
e. Could you answer my question _____ English, Robin?
Sorry, Miss Li, I can’t follow you.
I asked if you could ___________ English to answer my question.
f.. You may turn on the computer ________ pressing the button.
g. You may send your works to me either __________ letter or _________ e-mail. But you must do it before August 6.
h. The waiter killed the fly ___________ hitting it.
The waiter killed the fly ___________ a newspaper.
The waiter _________ a newspaper to kill the fly.
5.cross across through past pass
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| cross | 动词 （横过） （穿越） | cross the street cross the country by train |
| across | 介词 （横过 ） （在…对面） | walk across the road a bank across the street |
| through | 介词 （穿过 ） （透过） | walk through the forest look through the window |
| past | 介词 （从…过） 副词 （过去） | walk past us go past |
| pass | 动词 （通过 ） （传递） | pass the exam pass sb. sth. |
You mustn’t walk __________ the street when the traffic light is red.
b. We know River Thames flows ___________ London to North Sea.
c. Jimmy walked __________ us hurriedly without saying anything.
d. Several months has _________ since he joined the army.
e. Has your mother __________ the driving test yet, Peter?
Not yet. I think she still needs more practice.
f. Excuse me , could you tell me what time it is now, please?
Yes, it is half _________ nine.
g. Is the Central Post Office far from here, sir?
No. Walk _________ the bridge on your right, it is just on your left .
四．连词
1.because since as for
| because 因为 | 构成句子的最主要部分，语气最强，常放于句末 |
| since 既然 | 如果原因已为人所知，就用as/since，since比as更正式一点，它们引导的从句一般放在句首 |
| as 由于 | |
| for 因为 | 它引导的从句只是对所说理由的一种补充，不能放在句首 |
a. You want to know why I’m studying so hard?
I’m studying so hard __________ I want to go to Oxford University.
b. ________ you were out, I left a message so that you could call me back.
c. ________ Joy didn’t like the sandwich, I had to order a hamburger for her.
d. I decided to stop and have a short rest----- _______ I was feeling so tired.
e. All the flights in Baiyun Airport were cancelled last night ___________ the terrible storm.
2.when while as
| when / as | 如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生，一般用when / as |
| while | 如果谈论两个同时进行的长动作，一般用while |
a.____________ I was walking down the street, I found a red sports car parking in front of the China Hotel.
b.Lucy was listening to her favourite pop music __________ Lily was reading Harry Porter Ⅳ.
c.All the students rushed into the classrooms ______ the bell rang.
五．形容词/副词
1. good well fine nice
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| good (better best) | 好的 令人愉快的 精通的/有益的 | a good job / book have a good time be good at /for |
| well (better best) | 好 身体好的 | Well done! feel well |
| fine (finer finest) | 晴朗的 健康的 | a fine day Fine, thanks. |
| nice (nicer nicest) | 宜人的 好心的 | a nice day a nice man |
b. Vegetables and fruits are both ________ for our health.
c. What’s wrong with you, little boy? Well, I don’t feel _______.
d. It’s a great idea to go for a picnic on such a _________ day.
e. What a _________ neighbour Mrs Jones is!
f. The American scientist speaks __________ Chinese.
The American scientist speaks Chinese __________.
2. big large great
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| big | 大的 /高大的 重大的 / 严重的 | a big house / man a big decision / mistake |
| large | 大的 大量的 | a large house / family a large population |
| great | 极大的 伟大的 | a great success / surprise a great leader / inventor |
a. Napoleon was not a _______ man, but he was a _______ man.
b. IBM is the __________ computer company in the world, isn’t it?
c. Langlang has become one of the ____________ pianists .
All the Chinese are proud of him.
d. We’re going to have a _________ supper after the final exam.
3. tall high
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| tall (short) | 高的（一般指人、树、建筑物等的高度） | a tall boy / tree / chimney / building |
| high (low) | 高的（常用来表示离地面的距离） 在高处 / 高 adv. | a high mountain jump high |
basketball player in China.
b. Everest is the ____________ mountain in the world, isn’t it?
c. John was too tired to jump any ____________ after the 1500-metre race in yesterday’s sports meet.
d. The world’s temperature is getting ____________ and _________ as a result of the global warming. Something must be done.
4. long far how long how far
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| long（short） | 长的 （用来指长度） 长久的（用来表时间） | a long river / bridge a long time / holiday |
| far (near) | 远 （用来表距离） 深远（用来表程度） | far away from do further study |
| how long | 多长（用来指长度） 多久（用来表时间） | How long is the river? How long have you lived here? |
| how far | 多远（用来表距离） | How far is it from here? |
b. As summer comes, the days are getting _________ and _________.
c. The restaurant is not __________ from here, it’s only about five minutes’ walk, you needn’t take a taxi.
d. Could you tell me ______________ the London Bridge is?
e. She wondered ____________ the boy had been away from home.
f. ____________ is it from the airport to downtown?
5. fast quick quickly
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| fast | 迅速的 （常用于描述高速运动 的人或事物） 迅速 adv. | a fast horse / runner drive fast |
| quick / quickly | 短暂的 （常用于描述迅速或 立即完成的事情） 迅速地 adv. | a quick breakfast/ look finish the work quickly |
because she got up too late this morning.
b. Professor Smith asked us to finish the project as ___________ as possible since there was little time left.
c. The train from Shenzhen to Hong Kong is the ____________ one in China now. It takes only twenty minutes.
d. You’d better not drive your car too ____________. It is so dangerous .
6. alone lonely
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| alone | 独自 仅/单（用于名词或代词后加强语气） | live alone the food alone is … |
| lonely | 寂寞的 偏僻的 | feel lonely a lonely village |
b. Mrs Su brought up her children ___________ after her husband died several years ago. What a great mother!
c. The poor old man lives __________ and he often feels_______.
d. On a ___________ evening, May spent hours watching TV at home.
e. Jenny spent too much money on clothes last Saturday.
The pink dress _______ cost her 220 pounds.
7. loud loudly aloud
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| loud | adj. 大声的 / 响亮的 adv. 大声地 / 响亮地 | in a loud voice speak louder |
| loudly | adv. 大声地 / 响亮地 | talk loudly |
| aloud | adv. 出声地 通常与read/ think连用 | read aloud (朗读) think aloud(边想边说) |
as they heard a _________ noise outside.
b. Could you speak a little more ___________ , please?
I didn’t hear you clearly enough just now.
c. If you want to improve your spoken English, you ought to practice reading ___________ every day.
8. almost nearly hardly
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| nearly 几乎 | 常与数字连用;但不能与never /nobody /nothing no /none连用 | nearly 20 not nearly (决不是) |
| almost 几乎 | 可与 any/anything/anybody/ never /nobody /nothing等连用 | almost anything almost never almost nobody |
| hardly 几乎不 | 意思与前两者完全不同 | hardly ever hardly anybody |
b. The farmers were too frightened to know what to do because they knew what locusts could do: they ________ eat anything.
c. There was not ____________ enough time for him to finish the project on time even though he had tried his best.
d. The foreigner could ___________ speak French, could he?
e. There is __________ anything left in the fridge, is there?
f. The boy says ___________ nothing in class since he is too shy.
9. too as well also either
| 区别 | |
| too / as well | 一般用于肯定句的句末 |
| also | 一般用于肯定句，放在主动词之前或be之后 |
| either | 一般用于否定句的句末，not…either |
b. Joey sings well; she plays the piano well ________________.
c. The librarian is very nice, she is _________ helpful.
d. Mrs Lin had a busy afternoon.She watered all the plants in the garden, she _________ did a lot of cleaning.
e. Although her son is three years old, he isn’t able to speak.
What is worse, he can’t walk, ______________.
f. Ben didn’t eat up the food on the table. Ken didn’t _____.
10． how long how soon how often how many times
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| how long | 多久 | for ten weeks since two years ago |
| how soon | 多快 | in twenty minutes in a short while |
| how often | 多常 | once /twice a month four times a year |
| how many times | 多少次 | once / twice / six times |
Since I went to Yale University.
b. ___________ does your sister go to the cinema?
Almost every day.
c. ___________ is the train leaving for Paris,sir?
In half an hour.
d. ___________ have you ever been to Australia, Bob?
At least ten times. I often go there on business.
11. ago before
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| ago | 以前 adv. （仅与过去时连用） | a long time ago ten years ago |
| before | 在之前 prep. 在以前 conj. 已经 adv.（用于完成时） | the day before yesterday before breakfast long before |
His parents made him go back to school last month.
b. Bill Gates started Microsoft about thirteen years _______.
c. Have you ever written letters to your father __________?
Never. I usually talk about my problems with my father face to face. I think it is the best way.
d. Valentine’s Day had been a holiday _____________ people started giving red paper hearts to show their love.
12. already yet
| 区别 | 共同点 | |
| already | 用于肯定句 | 一般与现在完成时连用。 |
| yet | 用于否定句 / 疑问句 |
Not _________. But I will finish it as soon as possible.
b. Where is your manager,Jessica? I can’t find him anywhere.
Oh, he has __________ left for Japan on business.
c. Jack has won the drawing competition held in France.
Really? He hasn’t heard the good news ___________.
Let’s tell him at once . He must be excited at it.
13． fun funny interesting interested
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| fun | 乐趣/ 快乐 n. 有趣的/ 好玩的adj. | have fun look fun |
| funny | 滑稽的adj. 奇怪的adj. | a funny story a funny thing |
| interesting | 有趣的adj. | an interesting story |
| interested | 对…感兴趣的adj. | be interested in |
b. Most of the kids are very ____________ in playing games.
c. That is the _____________ thing I have heard.
I have never heard such a ____________ thing before.
d. What an ___________ book Harry Potter is!
14. such so ; what how
| 区别 | 特例 | |
such | 用在名词前 | such an interesting film such useful information such colourful flags |
so | 用在形容词 / 副词前 | so interesting a film so many people so much money |
| what | 修饰名词 | What a tall man! What nice weather! |
| how | 修饰形容词 / 副词 | How delicious! How beautifully she sings! |
I have never heard _________ funny a story before.
b. ________ a delicious orange!
________ delicious the orange is!
c. _________ a good swimmer Michael Phelps is!
Yes. He swims __________ fast that nobody can beat him.
d. Mrs Johnson made ________ a good meal that we all ate too much.
e. The exercise is ________ difficult that nobody can work it out.
It is ________ a difficult that nobody can work it out.
六．动词
1. bring take carry get fetch
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| bring | 带来 | bring sth. with sb. |
| take | 拿走 / 取走 | take sth. yo somewhere |
| carry | 搬 / 提 / 运送 携带 | carry lots of stones carry guns / money |
| get | 去取来 | go and get sth. |
| fetch | 去拿来 去请来 | fetch sth for sb. fetch a doctor |
No, I won’t. We are going to take lots of photos at the musem.
b. The man on business forgot to _________ his suitcase
when he got off the train.
c. Do you know the lady over there, Lily?
Which one? The one who is ___________ a baby in her arm.
d. Could you go and _________ a drink for me, Betty?
I’m really thirsty.
e. The villagers are short of water. What a hard life!
They have to walk several miles to __________ water.
2. say speak tell talk
| 区别 | 特例 | |
say | 说 讲 | say it in English have sth. to say say to oneself |
speak | 会说 发言 谈话 | speak English speak at a meeting May I speak to …? |
tell | 告诉 讲述 命令 | tell sb. sth. tell the truth / tell a lie tell sb. (not ) to do sth. |
talk | 讲话 讨论 说话 | Stop talking! talk about sth. talk to / with sb. |
Could you _________ it again more slowly, please?
a.The monitor asked the classmates to stop ____________ because he had something important to ___________ them.
b.The famous geography professor was invited to __________ at the meeting. He was asked to ____________ about the water pollution.
c.When Jone meets any problem, she would like to __________ with her parents to get advice.
d.As a child, Mark was ___________ not to ____________ any lies.
Now he is a man to believe in because he always ________ the truth.
3.cost pay spend take
| 区别 | 特例 | |
cost | 费用 / 价钱 代价 / 损失 花费 | the high / low cost the terrible cost of the war Sth. cost sb. … |
pay | 工资 / 薪水 付费 | a pay rise Sb. pay …for sth. pay in cash |
spend | 花钱 度过 花时间 | Sb. spend … on sth. spend the weekend Sb. spend …(in) doing sth. |
take | 需要…时间 费时 | It takes (sb). …. to do sth. |
Nancy __________ thirty dollars on the new swimsuit.
Nancy __________ thirty dollars for the new swimsuit.
b.The workers ________ 3 years in building the Oingzang Railway
It _____ the workers 3 years to build the Oingzang Railway.
c.How are you going to __________ the coming summer holidays, Ron?
I’m going to the Disney Land with my cousin in August.
d.It _________ only thirty minutes to drive to the new airport now.
e.President Bush said that the USA will win the war in Iraq at all _______.
4． look see watch
| 区别 | 特例 | |
look | 看一看 寻找 看起来/显得 link v. 看来好象 link v. | look at sth look for sth look tired /sad look like |
see | 看见 观看 拜访 明白 | see sb. do / doing sth. see a movie / film come to see me Oh, I see. |
watch | 注视 / 观看 照看 / 看管（短时间） 留意 / 当心 | watch TV / a basketball match watch sth. for a short time Watch yourself! (Be careful!) |
No, I’ve found one in a big company already.
b.The photograph doesn’t __________ like her real person at all.
c.If you _________ carefully from the top of the hill, you can _________ his beautiful white house among all because it is so special.
d.Did you ________ what happened on your way to work this morning?
Yes. A red sports car crashed into a store next to the petrol station.
e.The thief was _________ running away from the bank, carrying a bag of money on his back.
f.Children are always asked not to ___________ too much TV.
g.Could you _________ my bags while I buy a newspaper, madam?
5. listen hear sound
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| listen | 听 听从 | lisen to music / pop songs listen to sb. |
hear | 听见 听说 | Can you hear me? hear sb. do / doing sth hear of sb./ sth.. |
| sound | 声音 / 响声 听起来象 | the sound of steps That sounds interesting. |
b.Did you __________ someone walk out of the kitchen,dad?
c.I’ve never _________ of that person before,
could you tell me something about him ?
d.Kids should ____________ to their parents seriously
when they make important decisions.
e.I couldn’t recognize him because his voice __________
so strange on the phone.
6．dress wear put on in
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| dress | 连衣裙 n. 给某人穿衣 v. | a wedding dress dress sb in sth ;get dressed |
| wear | 穿 戴 | wear a jacket wear sun glassed |
| put on | 穿 上演 | put your coat on put on a play |
| in | 穿着 prep. | in white / black |
b.The lady ___________ her daughter in her best clothes when they went to a party.
c.It’s time to get up and get ___________ , dear.
d.John has been ___________ glasses for years even though he is only 12.
e.It’s strange. All the people there are ___________ black.
7. borrow lend keep
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| borrow | 向…借用 | borrow sth. from sb. |
| lend | 借出 | lend sth. to sb. |
| keep | 留着 | How long may I keep the book? |
Tina __________ a dictionary to Tim a moment ago.
b. Excuse me, could I ___________ your umbrella? I forgot to bring one with me when I hurried to work this morning.
c. The librarian told the student that he could____the magazine for two week.
7．live stay
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| live | 居住 生活 | live in the countryside live a happy / hard life |
| stay | 停留 暂住 / 逗留 | stay at home stay in a hotel |
b.People in the 1930s in China __________ a hard life.
Most of them didn’t have enough food to eat
even though they worked very hard.
c.The shy boy prefers __________ at home to going outside at weekends.
d.The president of P& G will __________ at the White Swan Hotel for a week during the Guangzhou Spring Fair.
8.learn study
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| learn | 学习 / 学会 获悉 / 得知 | learn a foreign language learn about sth. |
study | 学业 / 功课 书房 学习 / 研究 | worry about the studies a small study study Chinese history |
b.All her friends were surprised to ___________ that she married a man from Africa.
c.The police will __________ the case carefully to find out who killed the eight-year-old boy.
d.The American has been __________ Indian culture since he went to university because he shows great interest in it.
e. Lin Tao has made up his mind to go to Cambridge University to do further ___________. So he studies much harder than before.
9.join join in take part in
| 区别 | 特例 | |
join | 参加 / 成为…一员 参与 / 与…一道 连接 | join the army join sb. ( for sth. ) join A to B |
| join in | 参加 （活动） | join in with sb. |
| take part in | 参加 （活动 / 比赛） | take part in the match |
Li Hao __________ a Party member for half a year.
It is half a year since Li Hao __________ the Party.
b.Would you like to _________ us for dinner tonight?
c.How many countries will ____________________ the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, do you know?
d.Sally never __________ in with the other children.
She prefers to play on her own. Her parents are very worried about her.
10.raise rise
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| raise Vt. | 举起 / 提起 筹募 | raise your hand / the price raise money |
| rise Vi. | 上升 / 攀升 升起 | the price rises the sun rises |
b.They want to __________ as much as money to help the people in need.
c.We were told that the sun __________ in the east as children.
d.Hey, Ron, can you see smoke _________ from the house across the street?
Yes. I’m sure the house must be on fire. We must call the fire-fighters for help as soon as possible.
11. shout cry
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| shout | 喊叫声 n. 大声说 / 斥责 v. | angry / loud shouts shout at sb. |
| cry | 叫声 / 哭泣 n. 哭泣 / 呼叫 v. | a good long cry cry for help |
b.It’s not polite to __________ at people .
c.The mother looked worried because she couldn’t stop her baby from ____________.
七． 动词短语
1. have gone to ; have been to ; have been in
| 区别 | |
| have gone to | 去了 （还没返回 / 仍在途中） |
| have been to | 去过 （已经返回） |
| have been in | 在 （有一段时间） |
He ______________________ the USA on business.
b. _____ you ever ____________ the Great Wall, Ken?
Yes. I ____________________ there twice.
c. Is this your first visit in our city, Ben?
Yes. I _____________________ here for almost a week
d.The Australian said that he _____________________ Canada once.
2. stop to do ; stop doing ; stop sb from doing
| 区别 | |
| stop to do | 停下（原来在做的事）去做另一件事 |
| stop doing | 停止做（原来一直在做的事） |
| stop sb from doing | 阻止某人做某事 |
b. Jack stopped _________ with me as soon as he saw me in the street.
c. The policeman stopped the little boy from ________ the street because the traffic light is still red.
d. All the workers stopped _____________ a rest after several hours’hard work.
e. The Green Great Wall will stop the sand storm from _________ towards the rich land in the south.
4.be made of ; be made from ; be made in ; be made by
| 区别 | |
| be made of | 由… 制成 （制成品能看出原材料） |
| be made from | 由… 制成 （制成品不能看出原材料） |
| be made in | 在… 制造 (补充说明产地) |
| be made by | 被…制造 (补充说明制造者) |
a.More and more shoes sold in Europe are made __________ China, so the EU wants to stop China from selling them to their countries.
b.The largest plane Airbus A380 is made ___________ France and it is made __________ hundreds of workers.
c.The best wine is made _______ France and it is made _______ grapes.
5.look at ; look for ; look after ; look up ; look over
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| look at ; | 看 / 瞧 | look at the photos |
| look for | 寻找 | look for a good job |
| look after | 照顾 | look after the old |
| look up | 查阅 | look up the new word |
| look over | 检查 | look over the sick boy |
b.The police are _________________ the lost boy everywhere.
c.Could you ______________ my daughter while I’m away?
d.Although he ____________ the new word in the dictionary, he still couldn’t understand it.
e.Before the couple decided to buy the new house , they _________ it _________ again to make sure everything was OK.
6.turn on / off ; turn up / down ; turn over ; turn … into
| 区别 | |
| turn on / off | 打开 / 关掉 |
| turn up / down | 调高 / 调低 （音量） |
| turn over | 把…翻转; 翻转 |
| turn into | 把… 变成 ; 变成 |
b.You ought to ____________ your radio since your sister is busy getting ready for her test.
c.Don’t forget to _________ the beef ________ in 30 seconds,or it will be over cooked.
d.More and more ice in North Pole is ______________ water as a result of global warming.
7.put on ; put out ; put up ; put off ; put away
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| put on | 穿上 上演 | put on your coat put on a new play |
| put out | 扑灭 扔掉 | put out the fire put the rubbish out |
| put up | 举起 张贴 | put up your hand put up a poster |
| put off | 推迟 | put off the meeting |
| put away | 把…放回原处 | put away all the books |
b.All the fire-fighters are busy ____________ the big fire.
c.A notice was ___________ on the bulletin board just now.
d.They had to ____________ their wedding until October.
e.You must ___________ the magazines __________ after reading.
f.When did they _______________ their latest play?
Half a month ago.
g. You should ________________ your hand before you answer the teacher’s question.
8. hear from ; hear about ; hear of
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| hear from | 接到的信 / 电话 | hear from sb. |
| hear about | 听说 / 得知 （某事） | hear about sth. |
| hear of | 听说 / 得知 （某人的事） | hear of sb. |
b.Mrs hasn’t _________ anything _______ her daughter for days.
c.Have you ________________ the accident happened last night?
d.Have you ___________________ the famous scientist before.
9.think about ; think of ; think over
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| think about / of | 考虑到 / 关心 | think about other people |
| think of | 想出 | think of a new idea |
| think over | 慎重考虑 | think it over |
a.The man can’t _____________ a good name for his daughter even though he has done his best. Maybe he needs help from the Internet.
b.You should ________ your project before you put it into practice.
10. hand in ; hand out ; hand over
| 区别 | 特例 | |
| hand in | 上交 / 提交 | hand in |
| hand out | 分发 | hand out |
| hand over | 把..移交 | hand over |
b.Mr Li wanted the monitor to ________________ these new books to the class after school.
c.The Canadian government is strongly asked to __________Gao Shan ________ to China.
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