一、高中英语语法填空
1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, ________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances________ loud music.
I have lots of good ________(memory) of New Year's Eve . I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always ________exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year ________(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities.
【答案】 welcoming;national;are packed;which;to;memories;bitterly;to visit;an;is
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。
(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻,因为人们期待着迎接新的一年。look forward to固定短语,“期待”,to是介词,后面接动名词,所以填welcoming。
(2)考查形容词。句意:对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词holiday,用形容词,所以填national。
(3)考查时态语态。句意:在很多国家,人们会回老家过年,所以通常火车和公共汽车上都挤满了人。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时。"火车和公共汽车"与"挤满"之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填are packed。
(4)考查定语从句。句意:在英国,人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会,邀请朋友、家人和邻居。_________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非性定语从句,先行词是a New Year's Eve party,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填which。
(5)考查介词。句意:客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅,每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳舞。dance to固定短语,“随着……起舞”,故填to。
(6)考查名词。句意:我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。"美好的回忆"是复数意义,用名词复数,故填memories。
(7)考查副词。句意:天下着雪,冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold,用副词,故填bitterly。
(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里,参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主语,一般用it作形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置,故填to visit。
(9)考查冠词。句意:我想无论你在哪里,除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指"一个令人兴奋的日子",exciting的首字母发音是元音,所以填不定冠词an。
(10)考查时态。句意:也许迎接新年的最后一种方式是在世界各地的城市观看令人惊叹的烟花表演。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时,所以填is。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,形容词,时态语态,定语从句,介词,副词以及故此等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Keeping a diary in English is one of the ________ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability. ________ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes ________ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. ________ we insist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ________in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly come across many ________(difficult). In the first place, ________ often happens that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese.
As far as I ________(concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ________ great use to keep a diary in English for ________ development of our writing skills.
【答案】 effective;Compared;less;If;ourselves;difficulties;it;am concerned;of;the
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了用英语写日记的好处。
(1)考查形容词。句意:用英语记日记是提高我们写作能力的有效方法之一。此处在句中作定语,修饰中心词ways,因此用形容词。故填effective。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记更短,花费的时间更少。此处在句中作状语,且compare与句子主语it之间是逻辑动宾关系,应使用过去分词,表被动;此处位于句首,因此首字母要大写。故填Compared。
(3)考查形容词。句意:与其他形式的写作相比,日记更短,花费的时间更少。根据句意以及句中shorter and 可知and之后要用形容词的比较级构成并列结构,time是不可数名词,应用形容词little的比较级less修饰。故填less。
(4)考查连词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。此句用if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,而且在句首,首字母应大写。故填If。
(5)考查代词。句意:如果我们坚持这种做法,渐渐就学会怎样用英语表达自己。反身代词指代主语,使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。根据句意可知,此处主语we发出的动作施加在自己身上,应使用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
(6)考查名词。句意:在用英语记日记的过程中,我们肯定遇到许多困难。此处前有many修饰,因此用名词复数。故填difficulties。
(7)考查代词。句意:首先,我们常常很难找到合适的词语来表达我们的思想。此处代替句中的主语从句that we have trouble finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind,因此用形式主语it。It happens that. . . 固定句式,“碰巧……”故填it。
(8)考查固定搭配。句意:就我而言,我的建议是我们应该随时准备一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。as far as I am concerned固定短语,“就我而言”,根据语境可知,此处描述的是目前的状态,应使用一般现在时。故填am concerned。
(9)考查介词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。be of +抽象名词,表示人或物的特征;be of great use= be very useful“是很有用的”。故填of。
(10)考查冠词。句意:总之,我相信用英语写日记对提高我们的写作能力是很有用的。此处特指写作技巧的培养,应使用定冠词the。故填the。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,非谓语动词,连词,代词。名词,固定短语,介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording – using "global heating" instead of "global warming" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a "climate emergency", ________(become)the first parliament to do so.
If with "global warming", we're still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of "global heating" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.
Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations," but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.
However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution – if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that "we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now".
Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.
【答案】 its;to rise;becoming;where;weathers/weather;frequency;definitely;the;through/across;(should)take
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,谈到气候变化,语言的确很重要。今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。
(1)考查代词。句意:今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。文中表示"它的措辞",所以填its。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:今年3月,在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后,《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用"全球变热"而不是"全球变暖"。set to do固定短语,“开始做”,故填to rise。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:5月1日,英国议会宣布进入"气候紧急状态",成为第一个这样做的议会。become的逻辑主语是the UK parliament,它们之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,所以填becoming。
(4)考查定语从句。句意:如果在"全球变暖"的情况下,我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这种情况,进入"全球变热"的状态,就像走向一个点,大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多,没有回头路。 4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一个定语从句,先行词是a point,关系词在从句中作地点状语,所以填关系副词where。
(5)考查名词。句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词,单数或复数均可,所以填weathers/weather。
(6)考查名词。句意:珊瑚将会死亡,北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地,干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后,用名词,所以填frequency。
(7)考查副词。句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题,我们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整个句子,用副词,所以填definitely。
(8)考查冠词。句意:几十年前,当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时,其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题,但现在这绝对是我们的问题,我们都生活在一起的转变。特指"这个转变",用定冠词,所以填the。
(9)考查介词。句意:然而,仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。get through /across固定短语,“理解”,故填through/across。
(10)考查虚拟语气。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句,urge之后的宾语从句,宾语从句中用should + 动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气,所以填(should)take。
【点评】本题考点涉及代词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,副词,冠词,介词以及虚拟语气等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?
The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. ________ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress.
________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: "You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention."
In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (诉讼). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.
【答案】 if / when;To stretch;remaining;failing;What;which / that;it;instead of;are repeated;Until / Unless
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,只有先学会如何失败,才能真正成功,作者用这个道理告诉美国的医疗保健部门只有学会积极面对失败,医疗事故的情况才会好转。
(1)考查状语从句。句意:但矛盾的是,我们的孩子只有先学会如何失败,才能真正成功。根据句意可知此处既可以用if引导条件状语从句,表示"如果……",也可用when引导时间状语从句,表示"当……的时候",故填if / when。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:为了突破自己的局限,他们一直在努力。根据句意可知此处表示目的,应该用不定式做目的状语,故填To stretch。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:他们总是尝试他们已经做得很容易的动作,保持在他们的舒适区内。They与remain之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词做状语,故填remaining。
(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:在实践中从不失败会阻碍他们进步。分析句子结构可知,此处用动名词做主语,故填failing。
(5)考查主语从句。句意:生活中的情况和滑冰的情况是一样的。此处为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,故填What。
(6)考查定语从句。句意:詹姆斯·戴森为最新款的吸尘器设计了5126个原型,然后才想出了这个让他大赚一笔的设计。此处为定语从句,先行词为design,指物,关系词在从句中做主语,故填which / that。
(7)考查代词。句意:正如戴森所说的:除非你测试新想法,并在事情出错时学习,否则你不会开发出新技术,失败是发明的基础。as someone puts it固定句式。"正如某人所说"表示。put it"表达......"故填it。
(8)考查介词短语。句意:结果是,医疗保健往往掩盖失败,而不是从失败中吸取教训。根据句意可知此处表示"而不是",故填instead of。
(9)考查时态语态。句意:其直接后果是一再地犯同样的错误。陈述的是客观事实,mistakes 与repeat之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,故填are repeated。
(10)考查连词。句意:除非医疗保健学会积极面对失败,否则情况不会好转(直到医疗保健学会积极面对失败,情况才会好转)。根据句意可知此处表示"除非"或"直到",故填Until / Unless。
【点评】本题考点涉及状语从句,非谓语动词,主语从句,定语从句,代词,介词短语,时态语态以及连词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese high-speed railways are a very comfortable way to travel. They are clean, quiet and________(efficiency). China ________ (lead) other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train came into use in 2008.
The stations are ________ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened ________ (connect) the high-speed network. The ________ (facility) on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class chairs provide plenty of space. The passages are wide and you can move easily, not ________ (disturb) anyone. You can use your mobile phone or work on your laptop, having access ________ the Internet. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ________ (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesn't rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.
What's more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also ________ (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are ________delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers.
【答案】 efficient;has led;mainly;to connect;facilities;disturbing;to;are;less;they
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一种非常舒适的旅行方式——高速铁路。
(1)考查形容词。句意:它们干净的、安静的并且高效的。and是并列连词,前面的clean, quiet都是形容词,应用efficiency的形容词形式,故填efficient。
(2)考查时态。句意:自2008年第一列高速列车投入使用以来,中国在这一领域领先于其他发展中国家,甚至一些发达国家。since“自从”,常与现在完成时连用;lead 是不规则动词,过去式led,过去分词led。故填has led。
(3)考查副词。句意:这些车站主要建在城镇中心以外。修饰过去分词built用副词,故填 mainly 。
(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:但当地的交通已经延长,以连接高速铁路网络。此处用不定式作目的状语, 故填to connect。
(5)考查名词。句意:高铁上的设施很新,工作人员受过良好的培训。所填空在句子中作主语,根据谓语动词are 可知,主语应该用复数形式,故填 facilities。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:通道很宽,你可以轻松地走动,而不会打扰任何人。句子的谓语动词是can move,故此处用非谓语动词作状语,disturb与逻辑主语you是主动关系,故用现在分词做状语。故填disturbing 。
(7)考查介词。句意:你可以使用手机或在笔记本电脑上工作,可以访问互联网。have access to固定短语,“有使用/进入….的权利/机会”。故填to。
(8)考查主谓一致。句意:还有一节餐车,尽管食物种类有限。句子主语的中心词是the kinds, 谓语动词应该用复数形式,故填 are。
(9)考查副词。句意:高铁也比飞机更少地受到天气的影响。根据后面的than可知little 应该用比较级,little的比较级是less,最高级是least,故填less。
(10)考查代词。句意:他们很少被推迟或因天气原因被取消。否定副词seldom置于句首,句子应该用部分倒装,将助动词are提前, 所填空为句子的主语, 根据下一句they have become the first choice可知应填they指代上一句出现的the high-speed trains。故填they。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态,副词,非谓语动词,名词,介词,主谓一致,代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nezha is the subject of the latest cartoon film, which ________ (official) opened in cinemas in China on July 26. Nezha has got wonderful reviews and is rated higher than Monkey King : Hero is Back. Since July 26, the film ________ (earn) more than 140 million yuan at the box office, and the film has a score of 8. 8 ________ (point) (out of 10) on China's largest filming rating site, Douban.
Yang Yu, ________is the director of it, made up his mind ________ (produce) a film on the theme of breaking old rules and changing fate. Yang chose Nezha as his character, the ________ (combine) of the rebellious (叛逆的)but straight youth. The film is loosely based on the Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods. In the novel, Nezha is born during the Shang dynasty and is famous ________ fighting against the Dragon King.
It took Yang Yu two years to polish the script, and the film was in production for three years. It is ________most complex cartoon production ever ________ (make) in China. It has more than 1 ,300 special effects shots, and it took over 20 Chinese special effects studios, ________(employ) more than 1, 600 people, to realize the film's fairy tale setting, the mysterious Dragon King's palace. One spectacular scene alone took two months to complete.
【答案】 officially;has earned;points;who;to produce;combination;for;the;made;employing
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映的最新的一部动画片,该片的主题是打破旧规则和改变命运,其科技含量很高,获得了观众的好评。
(1)考查副词。句意:《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映的最新的一部动画片。分析句式可知,设空处所给词是修饰动词opened的,修饰动词要用副词,因此,用副词,故填officially。
(2)考查时态。句意:自7月26日以来,该片票房收入超过1.4亿元。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语Since July 26可知,该句用现在完成时态,故填has earned。
(3)考查名词。句意:中国最大的电影点评网站豆瓣网给这部影片打了8.8分,满分是10分。point是可数名词,前面有数字8.8修饰,故用复数形式,填points。
(4)考查定语从句。句意:导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非性定语从句,先行词为Yang Yu(人名),且从句缺主语。故填who。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。make up one’s mind to do sth,固定短语,“下定决心去做某事”,故填to produce。
(6)考查名词。句意:杨选择了《哪吒》作为角色人物,它代表了叛逆但直率的青春。由空格前的定冠词the可以确定空格处应该填名词形式,故填combination。
(7)考查介词。句意:小说中,哪吒生于商朝,以对抗龙王而闻名。be famous for固定短语,“以……闻名”。故填for。
(8)考查形容词。句意:这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。根据后面的most complex可知,它是最复杂的,前面要加上定冠词,故填the。
(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。句中cartoon production和动词make是被动关系,应使用过去分词表被动,作cartoon production的定语。故填made。
(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:电影有1300多个特效镜头,雇用1600多人,来实现影片的童话场景的布置。本句谓语动词为“has和took over”,所以空格处动词employ应使用非谓语动词形式。“雇佣”这个动作是由it发出的,所以使用现在分词形式。故填employing。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词,时态,名词,定语从句,非谓语动词,介词,形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Car registration plates (牌照) are just a series of numbers and letters, right? Well, yes…but not for everyone.
France was the first country ________ (introduce) plates in 13. Early number plates differed ________ shape and size, and were made of lots of different materials, including iron, cardboard and even pressed soybeans. In fact, it was not until 1957 ________ car manufacturers and the governments agreed on standardized plates. ________ was first registered in the UK was A1. The letter "A" showed the number was from London, while the number "1" showed it was the first number issued. At the moment, number plates ________ (consist) of a sequence of letters and numbers are applied in the UK.
Different EU countries also use different arrangements of numbers and letters, and ________ (they) systems have changed many times because these letter-number ________ (combine) keep running out. In the past decades, some number plates ________ (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words. ________ (basic), numbers on the plates can be used to represent words or parts of words. For example, "NVERLA8" means "Never Late". And the most ________ (expense) number ever was "M1" which an anonymous buyer has acquired for £331,000.
【答案】 to introduce;in;that;What;consisting;their;combinations;have become;Basically;expensive
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了车牌的发展史,包括材质、形状以及车牌上数字和字母所代表的含义等。
(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:13年,法国是第一个引入车牌的国家。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型“be+形容词+to do sth.”,故填to introduce。
(2)考查介词。句意:早期车牌在形状和大小上都不相同。differ in固定短语,“在……方面不同”,故填in。
(3)考查强调句型。句意:事实上,直到1957年,汽车制造商和才就标准化车牌达成一致。分析句子可知,此处为强调句型“it is/was not until…that…”,意为“直到……才”,故填that。
(4)考查主语从句。句意:在英国首次注册的是A1。分析句子可知,此句为主语从句,从句缺少主语,因此需要连接代词what做主语,且在句首需大写,故填What。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:目前,由一系列字母和数字组成的车牌在英国适用。分析句子可知,number plates与consist是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词作定语,故填consisting。
(6)考查代词。句意:不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排,他们的系统已经改变了很多次,因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。修饰名词systems需用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
(7)考查名词。句意:不同的欧盟国家之间也使用不同的数字和字母安排,他们的系统已经改变了很多次,因为这些字母和数字的组合在不断耗尽。these为修饰可数名词复数的指示代词,应使用名词复数。故填combinations。
(8)考查时态。句意:在过去的几十年里,一些车牌变得极其宝贵,特别是那些拼出单词的车牌。分析句子可知,in the past decades一般与现在完成时连用,主语some number plates是复数概念,故填have become。
(9)考查副词。句意:基本上,盘子上的数字可以表示单词或部分单词。分析句子可知,修饰整个句子时要使用副词,故填Basically。
(10)考查形容词。句意:有史以来,最贵的一个车牌是一名匿名买家以331000英镑购买的M1。分析句子可知,修饰名词number需用形容词,故填expensive。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,强调句,主语从句,代词,名词,时态,副词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he ________(ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with ________ mother when he was about two years old. "I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk! I got ________ (frighten) and I didn't know what to do!" he said.
Instead of ________(punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, " You know, we failed in how to ________(successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny ________(hand) just now. Let's go out in the yard and fill the bottle ________ water to see if you can discover a way to carry it."
This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he ________(know) he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes ________ were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the experiment "doesn't work", we usually learn something ________(value) from it
【答案】 was asked;his;frightened;punishing;successfully;hands;with;knew;which/that;valuable
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一位著名科学家和大家分享了他成功的一个小故事:小时候,有一次他把牛奶洒在了地板上。母亲非但没有批评他,反而让他玩了一会儿。通过这次经历,科学家明白了一个道理:犯错其实是学习新东西的机会。即使实验"不成功",我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。
(1)考查时态语态。句意:当他被问到为什么他能够成功的时候,他给出了答案。主语he和ask之间是被动关系,该句应用被动语态。且根据主语中的gave可知,该句应用一般过去时态。故填was asked。
(2)考查代词。根据下文他的讲述内容可知,他谈论的是自己的妈妈对自己的影响。且该空修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
(3)考查形容词。句意:我很害怕,我不知道该做些什么。get是系动词,后面接形容词作表语。且此处表示人的情绪,应用frightened。故填frightened。
(4)考查非谓语动词。该空作介词of的宾语,应用动名词,故填punishing。
(5)考查副词。句意:刚才我们没能成功地用两只小手拎起一个大牛奶瓶。该空修饰动词carry,应用副词。故填successfully。
(6)考查名词。空前有two修饰,应用名词复数。故填hands。
(7)考查介词。句意:我们到院子里去,把瓶子装满水,看看你能不能想个办法把它搬过来。该题考查fill sth. with sth.,固定短语,"用……装满……",故填with。
(8)考查时态。句意:这位著名的科学家接着说,就在那一刻,他知道他不需要害怕犯错,错误其实是学习新东西的机会。该空在句中作谓语,且根据上下文可知,这是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。故填knew。
(9)考查定语从句。"_______ were actually opportunities for learning something new"是定语从句,修饰mistakes,引导词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
(10)考查形容词。句意:我们通常从中学到一些有价值的东西。该空修饰不定代词,应用形容词,故填valuable。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,代词,形容词,非谓语动词,副词,名词,介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
9.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。
When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members. It is the act itself rather than the thing you buy that ________(matter). Either a small present, a text message or a phone call can mean a lot to the receivers. ________, I had never got anything from my son, who is a university student. Parents never forget to celebrate their children's birthday, but their children seem to be very ________ (forget). They seldom do something in return.
Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, ________ (meet) him at the station. ________arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a wrist watch and gave it to me, ________ (say) it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable watch, ________ shows not only hours, minutes and seconds but days as well. You can imagine how surprised and excited I was at that moment.
Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for granted. It is natural for people to have such concerns and ________(worry), but things may not turn out as badly as ________ (expect). We need to look more at the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, "Life is ________best classroom one can never get."
【答案】 matters;However;forgetful;met;On/Upon;saying;which;worries;expected;the
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者最开始认为父母对孩子的爱从来都没有回报,但通过儿子暑假回来送给他一块手表作为生日礼物这件事改变了作者的看法。
(1)考查主谓一致及时态。句意:重要的是行为本身而不是你买的东西。此处描述的客观事实,应使用一般现在时;同时这里用了强调句“It is +强调部分+that...”,强调句的特点是去掉It is 和that剩余句子成分还能构成完整句子,matter是动词“重要”的意思,陈述句是The act itself rather than the thing you buy matters。故填matters。
(2)考查副词。根据文章第一句“When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members.”每当重要的节日到来,我通常会考虑给家人买或准备什么礼物和第四句“I had never got anything from my son,”我从未收到我儿子的任何东西,可知,前后有转折关系,再加上空格后面有逗号,应使用转折副词however。故填However。
(3)考查形容词。句意:父母永远不会忘记庆祝他们孩子的生日。seem to be固定短语,“好像是...”后面加形容词或名词,这里可以判断是形容词“健忘的”。故填forgetful。
(4)考查时态。句意:像往常一样我太太和我去车站接他。根据“When my son came back during the summer vacation,”这个时间状语从句可以判断主句“my wife and I, as usual, ___4___ (meet) him at the station.”中的meet也用过去式。故填met。
(5)考查介词。句意:让我们大为吃惊的是,一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我。介词后面加名词、代词、动名词,arriving 是动名词,根据句意可以判断用on/upon表示“一...就”。故填On/Upon。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:让我们大为吃惊的是,一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我,说是给我的生日礼物。动词say和前面句子没有连词连接说明say不能和谓语动词took out 同等地位,即say 是非谓语动词,它和逻辑主语my son是主动关系,应使用现在分词saying。故填saying。
(7)考查定语从句。句意:它是块非常时尚的手表,不但有时针、分针和秒针还有日期。空格处缺少主语,前面先行词a very fashionable watch是物做后面从句主语,有逗号隔开是非性定语从句,应使用关系代词which。故填which。
(8)考查名词。句意:人们关心和担忧是很自然的。并列连词and前面是可数名词复数concerns“关心的事情”,可以判断worry在这里是可数名词“担忧的事情”,也应使用复数形式。故填worries。
(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:事情不会和预期的一样糟糕。as+形容词/副词+as和...一样,引导比较状语从句,as badly as后面完整句子应该是things are expected,在状语从句中当主句的主语和从句的主语是同一个,可以省去从句主语和系动词,只保留动词,这里expect应为被动,所以用过去分词expected。故填expected。
(10)考查冠词。句意:生活是人们能够得到的最好课堂。这里best是形容词good的最高级修饰后面名词classroom, 形容词最高级要加定冠词the。故填the。
【点评】本题考点涉及主谓一致,时态,副词,形容词,时态,介词,定语从句,名词,非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
10.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As an attractive city in the Netherlands, Amsterdam is one of the most bicycle-friendly________(city)in the world, having over 800, 000 bikes in the capital. By comparison, the city has a population of only 750, 000, less than ________number of bikes. According to a survey________(make)5 years ago, 490, 000 people used bicycles every day.
Up to now, people in Amsterdam________(enjoy)the convenience of cycling for decades. The city has special facilities for cyclists, ________can be used for free. Compared with other transportation in the city, bikes are________(clean)and less expensive while also________(offer)health benefits.
________reason for bicycle riding is that bicycle traffic is________(relative)safe. Amsterdammers ride a wide variety________bicycles. Many tourists also discover Amsterdam by bike, which is a typical Dutch way.
【答案】 cities;the;made;have enjoyed;which;cleaner;offering;Another;relatively;of
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了自行车之城阿姆斯特丹,那里的人们非常喜欢骑自行车。
(1)考查名词。句意:阿姆斯特丹是荷兰一个很有吸引力的城市,也是世界上最适合骑自行车的城市之一。one of后接可数名词复数,故填cities。
(2)考查冠词。句意:这个城市只有75万人口,比自行车的数量还少。the number of表示“……的数量”,故填the。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:根据5年前的一项调查,每天有49万人骑自行车。survey与make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,用过去分词作后置定语,故填made。
(4)考查时态。句意:到目前为止,阿姆斯特丹的人们已经享受了几十年骑车的便利。根据时间状语“Up to now”可知应该使用现在完成时,故填have enjoyed。
(5)考查定语从句。句意:这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施,可以免费使用。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词special facilities并在从句中作主语,故填which。
(6)考查形容词。句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。根据“Compared with other transportation in the city”可知,此处具有比较意义,应该用形容词比较级形式,故填cleaner。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:与城市里的其他交通工具相比,自行车更清洁、更便宜,同时还对健康有益。bikes与offer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作伴随状语,故填offering。
(8)考查代词。句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。上文介绍了人们喜欢骑自行车是因为自行车更清洁、更便宜、对健康有益,此处介绍的是骑自行车的另一个原因,故填Another。
(9)考查副词。句意:骑自行车的另一个原因是自行车交通相对安全。修饰形容词safe用副词,故填relatively。
(10)考查介词。句意:阿姆斯特丹人骑着各种各样的自行车。a wide variety of固定短语,“多种多样的”,故填of。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词,冠词,非谓语动词,时态,定语从句,形容词,代词,副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。