一、单选题
1. The word “humorousness” has _______ morphemes.
2. The word “nationalize” has _______ morphemes.
3. The word “decoding” has _______ morphemes.
4. Which of the following forms is not an allomorph of the morpheme “in-”?
A. ig- B. ir- C. il- D. im-
5. Which of the following forms does not contain an allomorph of the inflectional morpheme of plurality?
A. books B. pigs C. horses D. expense
6. According to ______, there is an intrinsic correspondence between sound and sense.
A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists
7. According to ______ , there is not a logical connection between sound and sense.
A. naturalists B. anthropologists C. linguists D. conventionalists
8. Most English words are _________ symbols.
A. definite arbitrary infinite hereditary
9. From the point of view of ________, a direct connection between the symbol and its sense can be readily observed in a small group of words.
A. nationalism y motivation
10. Words motivated phonetically are called _________ words.
A. onomatopoeic s C. natural symbolic
11. In the sentence “John was asked to spy the enemy”, “spy” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.
A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
12. In the sentence “John was doctored by Mr. Smith in the hospital”, “doctor” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.
A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
13. In the sentence “John was asked to get into the office after a two-hour wait”, “wait” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.
A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
14. In the sentence “John decided to nurse his sister himself”, “nurse” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.
A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
15. In the sentence “John was asked to leave after his three-day stay in the town”, “stay” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.
A. compounding B. derivation C. conversion D. acronym
16. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all derivational and inflectional affixes have been removed?
A. stem B. root C. base D. affix
17. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all derivational affixes have been removed?
A. stem B. root C. base D. affix
18. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed?
A. stem B. root C. base D. affix
19. Any root or stem can be termed as a _______.
A. stem B. root C. base D. affix
20. A _______ is a form which is not further analyzable, either in terms of derivational or inflectional morphology.
A. stem B. root C. base D. affix
21. The word “wife” used to mean “woman”, now it means “married woman esp. in relation to her husband”. The word has undergone a sort of semantic change called _____.
A. elevation B. degeneration C. extension D. restriction
22. The word “holiday” used to mean “holy day, a day of religious significance”, and now it refers to “day of recreation, when no work is done”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.
A. extension B. restriction C. degeneration D. elevation
23. The word “salary” used to mean “a sum of money given to Roman soldiers to enable them to buy salt”, and now it refers to “fixed payment made by employer at regular intervals to person doing other than manual work”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.
A. extension B. restriction C. degeneration D. elevation
24. The word “starve” used to mean “to die”, and now it refers to “to die of hunger”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.
A. extension B. restriction C. degeneration D. elevation
25. The word “shrewd” used to mean “evil, bad, wicked”, and now it refers to “clever or sharp in practical affairs”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.
A. extension B. restriction C. degeneration D. elevation
26. The Renaissance brought great changes to the English vocabulary _______.
A. from 1100 to 1500 AD B. from 1500 to 1700 AD
C. from 450 to 1100 AD D. from 1700 to 1900 AD
27. French brought great changes to the English vocabulary _______.
A. from 1100 to 1500 AD B. from 1500 to 1700 AD
C. from 450 to 1100 AD D. from 1700 to 1900 AD
28. The transitional period from Old English to Modern English is known as _________.
A. Ancient English B. Primordial English
C. Contemporary English D. Middle English
29. The English language from 1500 AD to the present is called ________ .
A. Ancient English B. Old English
C. Middle English D. Modern English
30. Which of the following is not a phase in the development of the English language?
A. Old English B. Middle English
C. Modern English D. Contemporary English
31. The word “tear” meaning “the drop of salty water from the eye” and the word “tear” meaning “to pull sharply apart” are called a pair of ________.
A. homophones B. perfect homonyms
C. homographs D. polysemic words
32. The word “lead” meaning “guide or take, esp. by going in front, etc.” and the word “lead” meaning “an easily melted metal of a dull bluish-grey color” are called a pair of ________.
A. homophones B. perfect homonyms
C. homographs D. polysemic words
33. The word “lie” meaning “make a statement that one knows to be untrue” and the word “lie” meaning “put oneself flat on a horizontal surface” are called a pair of ________.
A. homophones B. perfect homonyms
C. homographs D. polysemic words
34. The word “base” meaning “the thing or part on which something rests” and the word “base” meaning “having or showing little or no honour, courage or decency” are called a pair of ________.
A. homophones B. perfect homonyms
C. homographs D. polysemic words
35. The word “son” meaning “one’s male child” and the word “sun” meaning “a star that is the basis of the solar system and that sustains life on Earth, being the source of heat and light” are called a pair of ________.
A. homophones B. perfect homonyms
C. homographs D. polysemic words
36. When a word has a range of different meanings, it belongs to the words of ________.
A. hyponymy B. synonymy C. antonymy D. polysemy
37. When many pairs or groups of words which are different in meaning are pronounced alike or spelled alike, or both, such words belong to the words of ________.
A. antonymy B. synonymy C. homonymy D. polysemy
38. When words are identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning are called ________ .
A. homophones B. homographs C.homoforms D. homogenes
39. ________ is the most common cause of homophones.
A. semantic divergence B. phonetic convergence C. shortening D. foreign influence
40. When words are involved in the relationship which obtains between specific and general lexical items, such that the former is included in the latter, the words belong to the words of ________.
A. hyponymy B. synonymy C. polysemy D. antonymy
41. We can use “a silver lining” for “every cloud has a silver lining”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.
A. separation B. addition C. abbreviation D. extension
42. We can use “pull an unhappy face” for “pull a long face”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.
A. separation B. replacement C. abbreviation D. extension
43. We can use “see too many trees, but not the forest” for “cannot see the wood for the trees”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.
A. separation B. omission C. abbreviation D. extension
44. We can use “come of marriage age” for “come of age”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.
A. separation B. replacement C. abbreviation D. extension
45. What is the rhetoric style illustrated by the idiom “neck and neck”?
A. comparison B. rhyme C. alliteration D. repetition
46. _______ is the central factor in a word describing what it is.
A. Denotative meaning
B. Connotative meaning
C. Stylistic meaning
D. Affective meaning
47. _______ consists of word-class and inflectional paradigm.
A. Denotative meaning
B. Connotative meaning
C. grammatical meaning
D. lexical meaning
48. _______ refers to the emotional association which a word suggests in one’s mind.
A. Denotative meaning
B. Connotative meaning
C. Stylistic meaning
D. Affective meaning
49. _______ is that which a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its use.
A. Denotative meaning
B. Connotative meaning
C. Stylistic meaning
D. Affective meaning
50. _______ is concerned with the expression of feelings and attitudes of the speaker or writer.
A. Denotative meaning
B. Connotative meaning
C. Stylistic meaning
D. Affective meaning
二、名词解释题
51. proverb
absolute synonym
52. function words
onomatopoeic words
53. homonymy
degradation
54. metaphor
prefixation
55. polysemy
elevation of meaning
三、Word-building processes
56. IOC VIP fire-proof ad auto plane CIA BBC ID record-breaking raindrop newscast brunch botel motel beautility champ dorm steamboat honeybee
57. sit-in TB phone shoulder-high bit somg stagflation comsat sitcom gym taxi memo vet TEFL SALT dropout setback UN OPEC crystal-clear
58. round-the-clock NATO sci-fi telex proof-reader schoolboy chute bus copter PE ASEAN NASA TOEFL air-conditioning lion’s share dozer plane airtel faction lunarnaut
59. sea-green flowerbed VOA bike fridge medicare Motown hi-fi tec scope quake NBC EPA UNESCO H-bomb air-tight silkworm peace-loving slimnastics docudrama
60. morning person ROM CD flu brunch travelog workaholic motel telex nark pop biz math VCR sun-tanned arms race fire engine handwriting ABC RAM
四、Rewriting the short paragraph
61. First Version
Even since I was a CHILD, I have wanted to go on the stage and be an ACTRESS, like my elder sister. She is less PRETTY than I am and I hoped that if I was LUCKY, I, too, would have the chance to PERFORM three or four times a week at our little local theatre.
Second Version
Ever since my ____, I have wanted to go on the stage and ____, like my elder sister. I am ____ than she is, and I hoped that with ____, I, too, would have the chance to give ____ three or four times a week at our little local theatre.
62. First Version
“You should be CONFIDENT. You are ABLE to do it,” she told me, “but you may not have the PATIENCE. It takes a lot of hard work to be SUCCEESSFUL. You can ACHIEVE anything if you stick to it.”
Second Version
“You should have _____ in yourself. You’ve got the _____ to do it,” she told me, “but you may be too ____. It takes a lot of hard work to ____. You can make any ____ if you stick to it.”
63. First Version
Then she would DESCRIBE in DETAIL of her CONFUSION and embarrassment when the man who was DIRECTING the play told her that she spoke and MOVE too slowly in one scene.
Second Version
Then she would give me a ____ ____ of how _____ and embarrassed she’d been when the ____ of the play told her that her speech and ____ were too slow in one scene.
. First Version
She was supposed to run across the stage and, after HESITATING for a moment, say “WELCOME!” to and old woman who was ENTERING from the other side. “But take CARE because the stage is SLIPPERY,” he said.
Second Version
She was supposed to run across the stage and, after a moment’s ____, to ____ an old woman who was making her ____ from the other side. “But be ____ not to ____,” he said.
65. First Version
There was no DOUBT that the stage was very slippery, but she would PROBABLY have reached the other side SAFELY if she had not fallen over her long skirt, which was in FASHION that year, and tumbled right off the stage, to the ASTONISHMENT of the audience.
Second Version
The stage was ____ very slippery, but it’s ____ that she would have reached the other side in ____ if she had not fallen over her long skirt, which was ____ that year, and tumbled right off the stage. The audience was ____.
五、简答题
（略）……
答案
一、单选题
1. C
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. C
12. C
13. C
14. C
15. C
16. A
17. C
18. B
19. C
20. B
21. D
22. A
23. A
24. B
25. D
26. B
27. A
28. D
29. D
30. D
31. C
32. C
33. B
34. B
35. A
36. D
37. C
38. A
39. B
40. A
41. C
42. B
43. A
44. D
45. D
46. A
47. C
48. B
49. C
50. D
二、名词解释题
51. proverb: it is a well-known, supposedly wise saying usually in simple language expressing a fact or a truth which deals with everyday experience.
e.g. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. / The early bird catches the worm.
absolute synonyms: two words that are fully identical in meaning and interchangeable in any context without the slightest alteration in connotative, affective and stylistic meanings.
e.g. word-formation and word-building or spirants and fricatives.
52. function words: short words such as prepositions, conjunctions and so on. They don’t have much lexical meaning and serve grammatically more than anything else. They are in contrast to content words, which have independent lexical meaning and used to name objects, actions, states and so on. e.g. in, on and from.
onomatopoeic words: They are the words imitating the sounds or sounding like natural sounds.
e.g. cuckoo, tick, bang.
53. homonymy: It is the relationship between words in the pairs which, though different in meaning, are pronounced alike, or spelled alike or both.
e.g. lead (to guide) / lead (a gray metal), tear (drop of salty water coming from the eye) / tear (pull sharply to pieces), bear / bare
degradation: It means that words once respectable or neutral shift to a less respectable even degraded meaning.
e.g. genteel, terrific, accident
54. metaphor: It is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison based on association of similarity.
e.g. the teeth of a saw, a shower of stones, the tongue of a shoe
prefixation: It is the word-formation process by the addition of a word element before an already existing word.
e.g. multimedia, inconvenience, antiart
55. polysemy: If a word has got more than two meanings, then it belongs to words of polysemy.
e.g. rich, full, get
elevation of meaning: Elevation is the process where words go uphill, shifting from words showing disrespectable meaning to better meaning. e.g. craftsman, shrewd
三、Word-building processes
56. compounding: fire-proof record-breaking raindrop steamboat honeybee
acronymy: CIA IOC VIP BBC ID
clipping: ad auto champ dorm plane
blending: newscast brunch botel motel beautility
57. compounding: sit-in dropout setback shoulder-high crystal-clear
acronymy: TB UN OPEC TEFL SALT
clipping: phone gym taxi memo vet
blending: bit somg stagflation comsat sitcom
58. compounding: round-the-clock air-conditioning proof-reader schoolboy lion’s share
acronymy: NATO PE ASEAN NASA TOEFL
clipping: chute bus copter dozer plane
blending: sci-fi telex airtel faction lunarnaut
59. compounding: sea-green flowerbed air-tight silkworm peace-loving
acronymy: VOA NBC EPA UNESCO H-bomb
clipping: bike fridge tec scope quake
blending: slimnastics docudrama medicare Motown hi-fi
60. compounding: morning person sun-tanned arms race fire engine handwriting
acronymy: ROM CD VCR ABC RAM
clipping: flu nark pop biz math
blending: brunch travelog workaholic motel telex
四、Rewriting the short paragraph
61. 1. childhood 2. act 3. prettier 4. luck 5. performances
62. 1. confidence 2. ability 3. impatient 4. succeed 5. achievement
63. 1. detailed 2. description 3. confused 4. director 5. movement
. 1. hesitation 2. welcome 3. entrance 4. careful 5. slip
65. 1. undoubtedly 2. probable 3. safety 4. fashionable 5. astonished
五、简答题
（略）……
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