
| /℃ | ||||||
| 0 | 0.0010000 | 0.46 | -0.0001 | 0.0009997 | 0.97 | -0.0001 |
| 10 | 0.0010001 | 42.49 | 0.1510 | 0.0009999 | 42.98 | 0.1509 |
| 20 | 0.0010016 | 84.33 | 0.2962 | 0.0010014 | 84.80 | 0.2961 |
| 40 | 0.0010077 | 167.94 | 0.5721 | 0.0010074 | 168.38 | 0.5719 |
| 60 | 0.0010169 | 251.56 | 0.8310 | 0.0010167 | 251.98 | 0.8307 |
| 80 | 0.0010288 | 335.29 | 1.0750 | 0.0010286 | 335.69 | 1.0747 |
| 100 | 0.0010432 | 419.36 | 1.3066 | 0.0010430 | 419.74 | 1.3062 |
| 120 | 0.0010601 | 503.97 | 1.5275 | 0.0010599 | 504.32 | 1.5270 |
| 140 | 0.0010796 | 5.30 | 1.7392 | 0.0010783 | 5.62 | 1.7386 |
| 160 | 0.38358 | 2767.2 | 6.87 | 0.0011017 | 675.84 | 1.9424 |
| 180 | 0.40450 | 2811.7 | 6.9651 | 0.19443 | 2777.9 | 6.58 |
| 200 | 0.42487 | 2854.9 | 7.0585 | 0.20590 | 2827.3 | 6.6931 |
| 220 | 0.44485 | 27.3 | 7.1462 | 0.21686 | 2874.2 | 6.7903 |
| 240 | 0.455 | 2939.2 | 7.2295 | 0.22745 | 2919.6 | 6.8804 |
| 260 | 0.48404 | 2980.8 | 7.3091 | 0.23779 | 2963.8 | 6.9650 |
| 280 | 0.50336 | 3022.2 | 7.3853 | 0.24793 | 3007.3 | 7.0451 |
| 300 | 0.52255 | 3063.6 | 7.4588 | 0.25793 | 3050.4 | 7.1216 |
| 350 | 0.57012 | 3167.0 | 7.6319 | 0.28247 | 3157.0 | 7.2999 |
| 400 | 0.61729 | 3271.1 | 7.7924 | 0.30658 | 3263.1 | 7.4638 |
| 420 | 0.63608 | 3312-9 | 7.8537 | 0.31615 | 3305.6 | 7.5260 |
| 440 | 0.65483 | 3354-9 | 7.9135 | 0.32568 | 3348.2 | 7.5866 |
| 450 | 0.620 | 3376.0 | 7.9428 | 0.33043 | 3369.6 | 7.6163 |
| 460 | 0.67356 | 3397.2 | 7.9719 | 0.33518 | 3390.9 | 7.56 |
| 480 | 0.69226 | 3439.6 | 8.02 | 0.34465 | 3433.8 | 7.7033 |
| 500 | 0.71094 | 3482.2 | 8.0848 | 0.35410 | 3476.8 | 7.7597 |
| 550 | 0.75755 | 35.9 | 8.2198 | 0.377 | 3585.4 | 7.58 |
| 600 | 0.80408 | 3699.6 | 8.3491 | 0.40109 | 3695.7 | 8.0259 |
附表18(续)
| /℃ | ||||||
| 0 | 0.0009987 | 3.01 | 0.0000 | 0.0009977 | 5.04 | 0.0002 |
| 10 | 0.00099 | 44.92 | 0.1507 | 0.0009979 | 46.87 | 0.1506 |
| 20 | 0.0010005 | 86.68 | 0.2957 | 0.0009996 | 88.55 | 0.2952 |
| 40 | 0.0010066 | 170.15 | 0.5711 | 0.0010057 | 171.92 | 0.5704 |
| 60 | 0.0010158 | 253.66 | 0.8296 | 0.0010149 | 255.34 | 0.8286 |
| 80 | 0.0010276 | 377.28 | 1.0734 | 0.0010267 | 338.87 | 1.0721 |
| 100 | 0.0010420 | 421.24 | 1.3047 | 0.0010410 | 422.75 | 1.3031 |
| 120 | 0.0010587 | 505.73 | 1.5252 | 0.0010576 | 507.14 | 1.5234 |
| 140 | 0.0010781 | 590.92 | 1.7366 | 0.0010768 | 592.23 | 1.7345 |
| 160 | 0.0011002 | 677.01 | 1.9400 | 0.0010988 | 678.19 | 1.9377 |
| 180 | 0.0011256 | 7.23 | 2.1369 | 0.0011240 | 765.25 | 2.1342 |
| 200 | 0.0011549 | 852.93 | 2.3284 | 0.0011529 | 853.75 | 2.3253 |
| 220 | 0.00111 | 943.65 | 2.5162 | 0.0011867 | 944.21 | 2.5125 |
| 240 | 0.068184 | 2823.4 | 6.2250 | 0.0012266 | 1037.3 | 2.6976 |
| 260 | 0.072828 | 2884.4 | 6.3417 | 0.0012751 | 1134.3 | 2.8829 |
| 280 | 0.077101 | 2940.1 | 6.4443 | 0.042228 | 2855.8 | 6.08 |
| 300 | 0.084191 | 2992.4 | 6.5371 | 0.045301 | 2923.3 | 6.20 |
| 350 | 0.090520 | 3114.4 | 6.7414 | 0.051932 | 3067.4 | 6.4477 |
| 400 | 0.099352 | 3230.1 | 6.9199 | 0.057804 | 3194.9 | 6.46 |
| 420 | 0.102787 | 3275.4 | 6.98 | 0.060033 | 3243.6 | 6.7159 |
| 440 | 0.106180 | 3320.5 | 7.0505 | 0.062216 | 3291.5 | 6.7840 |
| 450 | 0.1078 | 3343.0 | 7.0817 | 0.063291 | 3315.2 | 6.8170 |
| 460 | 0.109540 | 3365.4 | 7.1125 | 0.0358 | 3338.8 | 6.8494 |
| 480 | 0.112870 | 3410.1 | 7.1728 | 0.0669 | 3385.6 | 6.9125 |
| 500 | 0.116174 | 3454.9 | 7.2314 | 0.068552 | 3432.2 | 6.9735 |
| 550 | 0.124349 | 3566.9 | 7.3718 | 0.0736 | 3548.0 | 7.1187 |
| 600 | 0.132427 | 3679.9 | 7.5051 | 0.078675 | 3663.9 | 7.2553 |
附表16(续)
| 温度 | 压力 | 比体积 | 比焓 | 汽化潜热 | 比熵 | |||
| t/℃ | p / MPa | γ/ | ||||||
| 95 | 0.084533 | 0.00103961 | 1.9827 | 397.98 | 2667.73 | 2269.7 | 1.2501 | 7.4154 |
| 100 | 0.101325 | 0.00104344 | 1.6736 | 419.06 | 2675.71 | 2256.6 | 1.3069 | 7.3545 |
| 110 | 0.143243 | 0.00105156 | 1.2106 | 461.33 | 2691.26 | 2229.9 | 1.4186 | 7.2386 |
| 120 | 0.198483 | 0.00106031 | 0.219 | 503.76 | 2706.18 | 2202.4 | 1.5277 | 7.1297 |
| 130 | 0.270018 | 0.00106968 | 0.66873 | 546.38 | 2720.39 | 2174.0 | 1.6346 | 7.0272 |
| 140 | 0.361190 | 0.00107972 | 0.50900 | 5.21 | 2733.81 | 2144.6 | 1.7393 | 6.9302 |
| 150 | 0.47571 | 0.00109046 | 0.39286 | 632.28 | 2746.35? | 2114-1 | 1.8420 | 6.8381 |
| 160 | 0.61766 | 0.00110193 | 0-30709 | 675.62 | 2757.92 | 2082-3 | 1.9429 | 6.7502 |
| 170 | 0.79147 | 0.00111420 | 0.24283 | 719.25 | 2768.42 | 2049.2 | 2.0420 | 6.6661 |
| 180 | 1.00193 | 0.00112732 | 0.19403 | 763.22 | 2777.74 | 2014-5 | 2.1396 | 6.5852 |
| 190 | 1.25417 | 0.00114136 | 0.15650 | 807.56 | 2785.80 | 1978-2 | 2.2358 | 6.5071 |
| 200 | 1.55366 | 0.001151 | 0.12732 | 852.34 | 2792.47 | 1940.1 | 2.3307 | 6.4312 |
| 210 | 1.90617 | 0.00117258 | 0.10438 | 7.62 | 2797.65 | 1900.0 | 2.4245 | 6.3571 |
| 220 | 2.31783 | 0.00119000 | 0.086157 | 943.46 | 2801.20 | 857.7 | 2.5175 | 6.2846 |
| 230 | 2.79505 | 0.00120882 | 0.071553 | 9.95 | 2803.00 | 813.0 | 2.6096 | 6.2130 |
| 240 | 3.34459 | 0.00122922 | 0.05&-743 | 1037.2 | 2802.88 | 765.7 | 2.7013 | 6.1422 |
| 250 | 3.97351 | 0.00125145 | 0.050112 | 1085.3 | 2800.66 | 715-4 | 2.7926 | 6.0716 |
| 260 | 4.623 | 0.00127579 | 0.042195 | 1134.3 | 2796.14 | 661.8 | 2.8837 | 6.0007 |
| 270 | 5.49956 | 0.00130262 | 0.035637 | 1184.5 | 27.05 | 604.5 | 2.9751 | 5.9292 |
液体中分子的平均距离比气体中小得多。汽化时分子平均距离加大、体积急剧增大,需克服分子间引力并反抗大气压力作功。因此,汽化要吸热。单位质量液体转变为同温度蒸气时吸收的热量称为汽化潜热,简称汽化热。汽化热随温度升高而减小,因为在较高温度下液体分子具有较大动能,液相与气相差别减小。在临界温度下,物质处于临界态,气相与液相差别消失,汽化热为零。汽化有蒸发和沸腾两种形式。
焓是汽体的一个重要状态参数。焓的物理意义为:在某一状态下气体所具有的总能量,它等于内能和压力势能之和。焓用符号i表示。
熵是热力学中的一个导出参数。熵的微小变化起着有无传热的标志作用。熵的引 入可以方便地反映出热力过程热量的转换及循环的热效率。在一个微小的热力过程中,如加入热量为△q,加热时的温度为T,则这个过程的熵值△s1 =△q/T1。在一个完整的热力过程中的熵值△s=∑△si。 把热力过程部分得越微小(此时可认为T是一常数)所计算出的熵s值△s越准确。用 积分方法:△s=∫dq/T能算出精确结果。 水蒸气的熵值o点定为三相点(273.16开),则任意状态下的熵值便可以计算出来。
