八年级英语暑假专题： 非谓语动词专练

暑假专版（二） 非谓语动词专练

【具体教学内容】

非谓语动词也叫动词的非限定形式，包括动词不定式，v-ing和过去分词。

（一）动词不定式的用法：

1. 作主语：

To learn English well is important.

To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy.

△动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。

Learning English is important.

Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy.

△动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。

It’s important to learn English.

It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables.

2. 作表语：

My job is to teach English.

His hobby is to collect stamps.

3. 作宾语：

动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want, begin/start, like/love, forget/remember, learn/teach, decide, wish, hope, agree, plan等。

He wants to go home at once.

I began to play the piano when I was four.

4. 作定语：

I have much work to do.

Do you have anything to say?

Would you like sth. to eat?

It’s a good place to have fun.

△这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。

There is nothing to worry about.

He has no room to live in.

The dog is easy to take care of.

I’d like some paper to write on.

5. 作状语：

I came here to see you. （目的）

I’m sorry to hear that. （原因）

Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）

To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的）

6. 作宾语补足语：宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样。带宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。

Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.

Mother told me not to come home late.

I’d like you to meet my family.

△在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, hear, watch等动词后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。

Could you please help me (to) do some housework?

I hear him sing every night.

We saw her play the piano last night.

It made me feel sad.

Let him go, please.

7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：

疑问词who, what, when, where, how, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。

Where to live is a problem. （主语）

Do you know when to start? （宾语）

The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）

I don’t know to do it. （宾语）

A. what

B. how

（二）v-ing包括动名词和现在分词两种类型。

一）动名词的用法：

1. 作主语：

2. 作表语：Her favorite is reading.

3. 作宾语：

4. 作定语：It’s a reading room.

△running star, living room, eating habit, English-speaking country, Tree-planting Day

5. 有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：

①enjoy, ②stop sb. from doing sth. （阻止某人做某事）

③feel like doing sth. 想要做某事④go doing 去做……

⑤spend…(in) doing 花费……做某事⑥Thanks for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人

⑦have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很有趣/高兴

⑧practice doing sth. 练习做某事⑨finish doing sth. 完成做某事

⑩mind doing sth. 介意做某事 (11) be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

(12) give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 (13) can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事

(14) have trouble/problem/a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难

(15) put off doing sth. 推迟做某事

(16) prefer doing to (介词) doing… 比起……更喜欢……

6. 有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。

（1）stop

She stopped (talk) with me when she saw me.

It’s time for class. Please stop (talk).

（2）go on（继续）

He didn’t have a rest and went on (work).

After cleaning the room, we went on (cook).

（3）forget /remember

I usually forgot (close) the door, but I remembered (close) it just now.

（4）try

Why not try (do) it in another way?

He always tries to finish his work before dinner.

二）现在分词的用法：

1. There are many people lying on the beach. （后置定语）

2. Do you know the girl wearing glasses? （后置定语）

3. I saw a boy crying in the corner. （宾语补足语）

4. Can you hear someone singing outside? （宾语补足语）

5. The sleeping girl is my daughter. （定语）

（三）过去分词的用法：

1. 作定语：I know a boy called Tom.

This is a book written by Lu Xun.

The trees planted by them grow well.

2. 作宾语补足语：

I will have /get my hair cut. 我要去理发。

△ have /get sth. +v过去分词 “让……被……”

We should get the house cleaned.

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）

一、单项选择

1. Colors can make us happy or sad.

A. to feel

B. feeling

C. felt

D. feel

2. All of them want sth. for you.

A. do

B. to do

C. doing

D. did

3. Let’s stop . I know a great restaurant near here.

A. to have a meal

B. to have a rest

C. having a rest

D. having a meal

4. Remember the book in time when you finish .

A. to return, reading

B. to return, to read

C. returning, reading

D. returning, to read

5. Although he was a child, he tries to find ways people life.

A. to help, enjoy

B. help, enjoy

C. to help, enjoying

D. help, enjoying

6. My aunt enjoys in the countryside.

A. lives

B. to live

C. living

D. live

7. —Nancy, you may listen to the radio. But would you mind ? Your father is sleeping.

—I’m sorry. I’ll do it right now.

A. turning it down

B. turning it up

C. turn it on

D. turn it off

8. We often see him the old man with the housework.

A. help

B. helps

C. helped

D. to help

9. It’s very nice pictures for me.

A. of you to draw

B. for you to draw

C. for you drawing

D. of you drawing

10. Our teacher often told us in this river.

A. don’t swim

B. don’t to swim

C. not swim

D. not to swim

11. It’s important the piano well.

A. of him to play

B. for him to play

C. of him playing

D. for him playing

12. Smoking is bad for your health, you’d better .

A. give it up

B. take it out

C. giving it up

D. look it up

13. Yesterday he was busy for the math test.

A. studied

B. studies

C. study

D. studying

14. I’m too tired. Let’s stop a rest.

A. have

B. will have

C. having

D. to have

15. Our teacher made Tom the text after school.

A. write

B. writes

C. wrote

D. would write16. There are so many kinds of MP4 players in the shop.

I can’t decide .

A. what to buy

B. which to buy

C. how to buy

D. when to buy

17. At school our teachers do all they can us with our lessons.

A. help

B. helping

C. to help

D. helped

18. —Could you please such a thing again?

—I’m sorry, I wont.

A. not to do

B. not do

C. don’t do

D. not doing

19. come and join us?

A. Why don’t

B. Would you like

C. Why not

D. What about

20. —What about going to the store some fruit?

—That sounds good.

A. buying

B. buy

C. to buy

D. is buying

21. —Would you please the window? It’s too cold outside.

—OK. I’ll do it right away.

A. to close

B. will close

C. close

D. not open

22. —I can’t play the computer. Will you please show me ?

—No problem.

A. what to use

B. how to use

C. how to use it

D. how can I use it

23. Have you finished the book? If so, please give it back to me.

A. read

B. readed

C. to read

D. reading

24. It’s bad for your health so much junk food.

A. eat

B. to eat

C. eating

D. eats

25. On her way home Lucy saw a thief in a shop.

She stopped 110 at once.

A. steal, call

B. to steal, call

C. stealing, calling

D. stealing, to call

26. I don’t like to sit here nothing.

A. doing

B. to do

C. do

D. did

27. Look! There is a boy in the river.

A. is swimming

B. swimming

C. swims

D. to swim

28. If you get a chance to college, take it.

A. go

B. will go

C. to go

D. gone

29. We stopped , but there was no sound.

A. listening

B. listened

C. to hear

D. to listen

30. Thanks for my house when I was away.

A. looked after

B. looked over

C. looking after

D. looking for

31. The boy was too busy his parents.

A. to hear from

B. to write to

C. writing to

D. writing a letter

32. The box is too heavy . Can you help me?

A. for me to carry

B. for me to carry it

C. that I can’t carry

D. I can’t carry it33. The house isn’t big enough for us .

A. living

B. living in

C. to live in

D. live in

34. You’d better out and at home.

A. not to go, stay

B. not to go, to stay

C. not go, stay

D. don’t go , stay

35. He said he spent all the afternoon a model plane.

A. made

B. to make

C. making

D. on making

36. I don’t know the way to the hospital.

A. go

B. to go

C. going

D. goes

37. We students must to the teacher when class begins.

A. to stop to listen

B. stop to listen

C. stop listening

D. to stop listening

38. We had great fun in the water.

A. played

B. play

C. playing

D. to play

39. Lily, could you please help me the old books?

I don’t need them.

A. put away

B. to put off

C. put on

D. to put out

【试题答案】

1~5: DBAAA 6~10: CAAAD 11~15: BADDA 16~20: BCBCC 21~25: CCDBD 26~30: ABCDC 31~35: BACCC 36~39: BBCA