
第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My sister is only six, but can already help with some housework.
A.he B.she C.it D.they
2. We have history class three o'clock every Friday afternoon.
A.at B.on C.in D.to
3. — I take photos here?
—Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Will
4. After taking tennis classes, Tim is much than last year.
A.strong B.stronger
C.strongest D.the strongest
5. — will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time?
—For six months.
A.How long B.How often
C.How much D.How soon
6. Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, I'm thankful to him.
A.or B.but C.for D.so
7. The workers the community center now.
A.cleaned B.were cleaning
C.will clean D.are cleaning
8. Don't lose heart. If you keep working hard, you some day.
A.will succeed B.succeed
C.succeeded D.have succeeded
9. I about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A.think B.will think
C.was thinking D.am thinking
10. Jim a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A.learns B.learned
C.will learn D.has learned
11. On our farm, the tea leaves by hand when they are ready.
A.pick B.picked
C.are picked D.were picked
12. —Do you know the new national park?
—Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.
A.why did China set up
B.why China set up
C.when did China set up
D.when China set up
二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
Cloze 1
Our Christmas Goose
On a cold morning that December, my brother Rick and I were sent to Uncle Tommie's on the other side of Little Mountain to get a goose for Christmas dinner. This long journey over the mountain was hard but worth it.
That morning, dark clouds were coming together overhead. I knew it was going to snow on the 1 .
When we arrived, Uncle Tommie was already waiting for us. “Boys, I'm not 2 you off,” he said, “but the wind is picking up. You'd better get the goose and head for home soon.”
After a quick thank⁃you and goodbye, I took the goose and we left. Halfway up the mountain, it began to snow heavily. I held the goose 3 to me.
By the time we reached the top of the mountain, it snowed more heavily. And the wind seemed to blow straight through my coat. I stepped in front of Rick. “You must be cold. Open your coat!”
“Are you crazy?” Rick asked. “I'll lose what little warmth I have!” When he saw I was 4 , he slowly opened his coat.
I placed the warm goose inside his coat. Rick sighed happily(舒了口气). My plan was 5 .
On the way down, I started to shiver(发抖). Rick said, “Dave, it's your turn now.”
He passed me the goose. For a long moment, I just stood and 6 my freezing(冰冷的) hands on his body. We passed the goose back and forth(来回地) between us all the way. Finally, we got home.
Sitting at the table, we explained how the goose kept us from freezing. “We can't have him for dinner! This goose helped 7 our lives,” I said.
Later, we named the goose Charley and he lived out his life in the yard, bossing around the chickens and another goose we bought to keep him company. A life as the most important bird was fitting for our 8 .
1. A.mountain B.island C.lake D.beach
2. A.paying B.rushing C.showing D.calling
3. A.lightly B.secretly C.high D.close
4. A.frightened B.regretful C.serious D.surprised
5. A.working B.continuing C.improving D.changing
6. A.raised B.dried C.warmed D.examined
7. A.spare B.save C.treasure D.give
8. A.leader B.boss C.guide D.hero
三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
1.Who is Emma's role model?
A.Ms. Li. B.Mrs. White. C.Norman Bethune. D.Yuan Longping.
2.What does Betty want to be in the future?
A.A teacher. B.A scientist.
C.A doctor. D.A volunteer.
3.What do we know about Ms. Li?
A.She worked in a hospital.
B.She solved the food problems.
C.She is old in age but young at heart.
D.She is very patient with her students.
B
I joined a band(乐队) as a drummer in my middle school. I thought it would be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn't keep pace(节奏) with the other players.
Our teacher, Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed(羞愧的) as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn't care about doing it right.
“Are you giving up on me, Steve?” Angie asked.
“Yes, I am,” I shouted. Angie sent me inside the music room, where I cried out. Then she came in and said, “Don't be sad. I believe you can make it!” She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and myself.
With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn't play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show.
In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. I felt accepted and made great progress. I love everyone in the band. I can't imagine what my school life would be like without them.
1.One month after he joined the band, Steve felt playing the drum was .
A.funny B.helpful
C.noisy D.difficult
2.With Angie's comfort, Steve decided to .
A.have a good rest
B.go on practicing
C.give others a hand
D.start another band
3.From his experience, Steve learned about .
A.the value of teamwork
B.the effect of shows
C.the importance of hobbies
D.the power of music
C
What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn't always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product, even after it's of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our first focus(关注). What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over packaged? We'd better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled(回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location(地点) matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us. Try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It's easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don't buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces(减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy.
1.The writer would suggest choosing a product that is .
A.over packaged
B.delivered from abroad
C.locally produced
D.made of unnatural materials
2.The words “be taken with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “ ”.
A.be easily understood
B.not be completely believed
C.be widely spread
D.not be quickly forgotten
3.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Buying Green
B.Recycling Waste
C.Keeping Healthy
D.Reducing Energy Use
D
A Pathway(路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long⁃term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate(评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory(假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast⁃paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
1.You were most probably in the EA condition when .
A.you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B.you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C.you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D.you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
2.What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?
A.Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B.Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C.Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D.Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
3.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A.It is easier for results⁃driven people to achieve success.
B.We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C. A fast⁃paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D.Future life will bring us many more surprises.
4.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B.To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C.To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D.To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(每题2分,共10分)
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
Passage 1
Working Out through Online Videos
Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit. Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular. Since the Internet is widely used, it's very easy for us to do so. That means we can work out anytime anywhere.
One of my friends, Lin Fei, followed short workout videos to do daily exercise. “With live programs, I feel like working out with my friends, which encourages me to hold on to the last minute,” she said. Another friend of mine, Michael, told me that workout videos let him feel so comfortable. “I have a fear of working out at the gym(健身房), because I don't like being watched by others. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable,” he said.
With their examples, I decided to give it a try. When I told my plan to my elder sister, a P.E. teacher, she reminded me that workout videos could be helpful but might still carry some problems.
“Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing(愿意的) to work out to your best. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder,” my sister said to me. “Well, if you really want to have a try, first,choose proper programs or videos. That's very important. And then ask your friends for advice. Their experiences can give you a good sight into what you can expect. Anyway, don't be addicted(沉迷的) to it. You should try different ways to work out to be healthy.”
At her suggestions, I finally followed an online workout program with personalized help that is held for three months. After the first period of training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amount(量) of work along with a strong will. Compared with going to the gym, using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time⁃saving choice. But it can be difficult sometimes when I'm too lazy or too busy to stick to it.
1.Which way to work out is becoming very popular today?
2.Why does Michael dislike working out at the gym?
3.What is the problem of working out without someone else in person?
4.How did the writer feel about his first period of training?
5.Would you like to follow online videos to work out? Why or why not?
五、文段表达(10分)
1.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
Writing 1
题目①
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris对中国文化很感兴趣。他给你发来邮件,询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪,如待人接物、餐桌礼仪等。请你用英语回复一封邮件,介绍你所知道的相关礼仪。
提示词语:manners, shake hands, polite, gift, chopsticks
提示问题:What do we do when we meet people for the first time?
How do we behave properly at table?
Dear Chris,
I'm glad to know that you're interested in Chinese social manners.
I hope the above is helpful. Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
题目②
某英文网站正在开展以“提升效率”为主题的征文活动。假定你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你在学习或生活中是如何提升效率的,取得了什么效果。
提示词语:plan, task, attention, make use of, progress
提示问题:How do you increase your efficiency (效率)?
What have you achieved?
High efficiency is important for a busy student.
2022年北京市中考英语真题+答案解析
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
1.B 此空指代My sister, 是第三人称单数、女性,且作后一个分句的主语,应用she,故选B。
2.A at 可以和时间点搭配; on表示在具体某一天; in 表示一段时间(如世纪、年份、季节、月份等);to差,离。此处指在每周五下午三点钟,故选A。
3.C 句意:——我可以在这里拍照吗?——抱歉,你不能。在博物馆里不允许拍照。must必须;need需要;can表示请求允许;will将要。故选C。
4.B 句意:在上了网球课以后,蒂姆比去年强壮多了。由空后的than可知应用形容词比较级,故选B。
5.A 句意:——这次刘洋会在太空站待多久?——六个月。答语是一段时间,所以要用how long来提问,因此选A。
6.D 句意:史密斯先生帮助了我很多,因此我对他很感激。or或者,否则;but但是;for因为;so因此,所以。此处表示因果,且为前“因”后“果”,故选D。
7.D 句意:工作人员现在正在清扫社区活动中心。结合句意和now可知,应用现在进行时,故选D。
8.A 句意:不要灰心。如果你坚持努力,有一天你会获得成功。此处为含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选A。
9.C 根据rang可知此处指过去的某一时刻正在做某事,所以用过去进行时,故选C。
10.D 句意:自吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来,他已经学了很多关于中国文化的知识了。由since后跟的时态为一般过去时的从句可知,主句用现在完成时,故选D。
11.C tea leaves与pick是被动关系,所以用被动语态,根据“when they are ready”可知用一般现在时。故选C。
12.B 根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序的原则,排除A和C;答语在回答建国家公园的原因,故选B。
Cloze 1
本文为记叙文,作者本想从Tommie叔叔家拿只鹅作为圣诞节的晚餐。但在回家的途中,这只鹅帮助作者哥俩在风雪交加的天气里渡过难关。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中的“环境保护”主题群,涉及子主题“种植与养殖,热爱并善待生命”。
1.A 根据上文可知,此处表示山上要下雪了。故选A。
2.B 根据下文可知,风越刮越大,所以Tommie叔叔想让作者哥俩赶快回家。rush表示“迅速送(某人或某物)”。故选B。
3.D 根据上文可知,他们爬到半山腰时,雪下得很大,因此作者紧紧地抱住鹅。故选D。
4.C 句意:当他看到我是认真的时,他慢慢地解开外套。serious认真的。
5.A 根据上文可知,Rick舒了口气。由此可知作者的计划起作用了。故选A。
6.C 根据语境可知,此处表示作者用鹅的身体温暖冻僵的双手。故选C。
7.B 根据上文可知,从Tommie叔叔家拿的这只鹅帮助作者哥俩在风雪交加的天气里取暖,渡过难关。此处表示这只鹅救了哥俩的命。故选B。
8.D 由上文可知,这只鹅的地位和待遇很高。而只有这样才能和曾救了作者哥俩的命的英雄匹配。
A
本文是应用文,主要介绍四位中学生各自的榜样人物。
1.D 细节理解题。根据“Yuan Longping is my role model.”可知袁隆平是Emma的榜样,故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。根据“So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future.”可知Betty想成为一名老师,故选A。
3.C 细节理解题。根据“She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart.”可知Ms. Li年纪大了,但内心年轻,故选C。
B
本文是记叙文,主要讲述了Steve在老师和团队的帮助下克服困难,坚持刻苦训练,最终与乐队共同出色完成重要表演的故事。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult.”可知加入乐队一个月后,Steve感觉打鼓是困难的,故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第五段中“With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing.”可知在Angie的安慰下Steve决定继续练习,故选B。
3.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great.”可以推断出Steve从中学到了团队合作的价值,故选A。
C
本文是说明文,主要从产品的材料、包装、产地等方面介绍鉴别绿色产品的方法。主题语境属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“环境保护”这一主题群,涉及子主题“环境污染及原因,环保意识和行为”。
1.C 细节理解题。由第三段中“We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.”可知A项错误;由第四段中“Try to choose local products.”可知B项错误,C项正确;由第二段中“Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals”可知D项错误。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前一句“It's easy to say that a product is ‘green’ or ‘all natural’, but the words may be too good to be true.”可知,说一种产品是“环保的”或“纯天然的”很容易,但这些话可能好得令人难以置信。结合画线部分所在句的So可推断此处指对于产品的许多信息不要完全相信,故选B。
3.A 标题归纳题。本文主要是从产品的材料、包装、产地等方面介绍鉴别绿色产品的方法。由此可知,文章最好的标题是A项(购买绿色产品)。
D
本文是议论文,主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科学研究。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值。它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏。根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态,故选D。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第七段中“For example, we found...high EA in those moments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“such as ‘I appreciate the beauty of life’...their life was valuable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“We found that people...as highly meaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“When people are...they see their own life.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项。
3.B 段落大意题。根据最后一段中 “This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情。B 项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题,故选B。
4.C 写作目的题。文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美。因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素,故选C。
Passage 1
本篇文章体裁为议论文,主要论述通过在线视频健身的优点和缺点。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中的“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及的子主题为“运动与游戏”。
1.Working out through online videos. 根据第一段第二句“Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular.”可知,如今通过在线视频健身正变得非常流行。
2.Because he doesn't like being watched by others. 从第二段中的“I have a fear of working out at the gym, because I don't like being watched by others.”可知,他不喜欢在健身房锻炼,是因为他不喜欢被别人看着。
3.People will be less willing to work out to their best. 从第四段中的“Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing to work out to your best.”可知如果没有亲自和某个人在一起,人们就不太愿意尽最大努力去锻炼。
4.Very practical and helpful. 根据第五段前两句可知,作者觉得自己的第一段锻炼非常切实可行和有用。
5.Yes, I'd like to. Because we can work out anytime anywhere./Because we will feel comfortable without being watched by others./Because working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable./Because using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time⁃saving choice.
No, because it can be difficult sometimes when we are too lazy or too busy to stick to it./No, because we will less willing to work out to our best./No, because you can't get advice from others. 此题为开放性试题,言之有理即可。(此答案仅供参考)
Writing 1
题目①
Dear Chris,
I'm glad to know that you're interested in Chinese social manners. Manners are highly valued in Chinese culture. When we meet people for the first time, we usually shake hands with each other. It's also polite to give gifts for some special events. We usually receive gifts with both hands and open them later. As for table manners, we are expected to use chopsticks properly and try not to make much noise.
I hope the above is helpful. Please feel free to ask for more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
题目②
High efficiency is important for a busy student. So I try to increase my efficiency in my study by making plans. Every night before bed, I make a list of the important tasks to finish for the next day. And I set a time limit for each task. Following this way, I can be more attentive and make better use of time. As a result, I have made rapid progress in my study.
