
完形填空
课前先打印初中英语常用固定搭配及一些习题给学生
考试犹如打仗,方可谓“知己知彼,百战不殆。”在了解了出题的原则和规律后,明白题目的考查点,再配以好的解题方法和思路,做完型填空题就不会再是学生们过不去的槛。那么,做完型填空的技巧和步骤是什么呢?
完形填空的解题技巧:
1、上下文语境
1)In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _ _. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day, the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual.
A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax
2)Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers(大臣). Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of are there in the pool?” …. as big as the pool, there is one basket of water…
A. fish B. flowers C. water D. apples
选CC
2、逻辑推理
1)When we talked, I discovered(发现)some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little __ _ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
A. shorter B. longer C. earlier
2)My mother often asked me,“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans,so I said.“My 17 ,Mommy.”
She said,“No.Many people are deaf(聋的)…
A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head
选BA
3、固定搭配
1)When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention what he or she is speaking…
A. for B. of C. with D. to
2)In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, the pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea that man.
A. with B. to C. as D. of
3)On Saturdays or Sundays some people may _____most of their time washing and repairing their cars.
A. cost B. get C. spend D. use
spend some time doing sth.为一个固定搭配,意为“花时间干某事”。
4)Shirley Yeats is certainly a very brave woman! At the age of sixty-seven, she to take a trip round the coast(海岸) of Malaysia.
A. stopped B. used C. had D. decided
选DCCD
4、语法分析
(1) 如果需要填的是名词,就要考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式及与之有关的固定搭配等。
1)As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people and I should be friendly to them. I think I'll also make many good and live with them, because I don't like living alone.
A. friend B. friends C. friends’ D. friends’
2) Two weeks ago, Jack came back to North Carolina for a short visit.The teachers and students held a small ___for him.
A. meeting B. party C. lecture
3) Some people almost never go to a doctor when they are ill. But they will take their cars to a garage as soon as they think there is a _____ .
A. question B. wrong C. mistake D. problem
4) When they find something new, they love to ask questions and try to find out answers. What is the best ____ to get knowledge?
A. place B. school C. way D. road
选BBDC
(2) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词,就应考虑原级、比较级、最高级,还要根据上下文的意思或者其在句中的作用来确定,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词和形容词。
1) The population problem may be the one of the world today.
A.great B.greater C.greatest D.greating
2) English is very____in our life (生活).
A. help B. helping C. helps D. helpful
选CD
(3) 如果需要填的是动词,则要考虑动词的时态,语态,人称变化以及非谓语动词(不定式和动词-ing形式)等。
1) He came to the old man and , “Will you please show me your ticket?”
A. say B. said C. says D. saying
2) Fashions ______ as time goes.
A. change B. changes C. are changed D. changed
选BA
(4) 如果需要填空的是介词,则要注意固定搭配的用法。
1) An English house of 1750 was different ______ one of 1650.
A. on B. for C. with D. from
2) Newspapers, radios, telephones and televisions send information from one country _____ another in a few hours.
A. in B. by C. to D. with
3) Some young people learn English for their higher studies because some of their books are____English.
A. in B. with C. at D. of
选DCA
(5) 如果需要填的是冠词,则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。
About half 5 hour later, the conductor began to see the tickets.
5. A. a B. an C. the D. this
选B
(6) 如果需要填的是连词,可以从上下文的意思、连词的用法以及习惯搭配入手进行选择,and表并列,but表转折,because, so, therefore表因果,though, although表让步;
1) It was nearly six o'clock, ____ they decided to go and have dinner together.
A. though B. so C. because D. but
2) He bought a camera cost him $ 12 000. He put it on the wall 43 it would picture the thieves if they came again.
A. so that B. in order to C. such that D. as that
选BA
(7) 如果需要填的是代词,则要从上下文的指代关系以及代词的用法来考虑。
1) The fire spread(蔓延) very quickly and soon was completely out of control.
A. she B. he C. that D. it
2) Jack is an English teacher at a college.He moved to New York City with ___family.
A. he B. his C. himself
选DB
(8) 另外要注意一些固定句型。
During your teenage years, ___27__ is important to give your body the energy it needs.
Ait
步骤:
1、精读首句
完形填空题所选用短文的第一句话通常是不设空的,目的是给同学们一个整体印象。第一句是核心句,是观察全文的窗口,对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意、提供故事发生的时间、地点、背景等起着关键性的作用。知道了英文主题句的特点之后,我们在阅读完型填空文章的第一句话时,就不应该只是读懂其字面中文意思,而是要透过首句来预测文章的中心内容。
1). Have you ever done something silly that made you feel so embarrassed(尴尬的)?Well,I had a really bad Saturday morning.
2). Fashion not only in Clothes.
For most people,the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question,“What ______ are in fashion?”
A. color B. clothes C. food D. money
3). Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color.
2、通读全文,掌握大意,预填答案
同学们在做题之前必须先集中精力将短文精读一遍,掌握其大意,同时要记住短文里的人物、时间或地点,尤其要注意首句和尾句的含义。这样,答题时才能心中有数。此时可以边阅读边粗选答案,这是为了尽量减少空格,帮助更透彻地了解全文.
Shirley Yeats is certainly a very brave woman! At the age of sixty-seven, she 1 to take a trip round the coast(海岸) of Malaysia. Everything was fine 2 one day, as she was going back to her room on the 3 , she saw smoke coming out of another room. She 4 the captain from her room at once and told him about the fire. Then she went up on deck(甲板) to see 5 she could do to help. The fire spread(蔓延) very quickly and soon 6 was completely out of control. The captain decided to get all the passengers out as 7 as possible.
1. A. stopped B. used C. had D. decided
2. A. since B. after C. until D. before
3. A. way B. ship C. land D. road
4. A. phoned B. told C. asked D. ordered
5. A. if B. how C. what D. where
6. A. she B. he C. that D. it
7. A. quickly B. much C. well D. usually
1.由上下文可知她决定去旅游,decided to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。
2.根据下文可知直到火灾发生的那一天情况一切正常。
3.从下文的captain, deck,可确定她是乘船去旅游。
4.由下文的from her room可知她马上打电话将情况告诉了船长。
5.根据上下文可知她走上甲板去看看能不能帮忙做点儿什么。
6.由上文的The fire spread very quickly,可知大火无法控制了。
7. as quickly as意为“尽快地”
(Keys: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C6. D 7. A)
3、从上下文寻找信息词(关键词定位)
完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相联的语篇,而词语的重复出现、同义词和反义词的使用是重要的连句成篇的词汇纽带,因此,在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义词、反义词相互照应等现象。
警示:考生在答题时,不要急于求成。而要充分利用上下文信息词,在继续阅读中寻找和斟酌答案。
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如:
1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very_____.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
根据转折连词but的提示,所填入的词应与shallow相反,因此答案为A。
2)Mrs O’Neill asked_____questions and she didn’t scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. more
and是一个并列连词;either为副词,用在否定句或否定词后加强语势,由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词,因此答案是A。
3)Two weeks ago, Jack came back to North Carolina for a short visit.T.
At the party, I.
43. A. meeting B. party C. lecture
4) Teenage need about 2,200 calories(千卡热量)a day while boys need a bit more—doctors suggest 2,800 for teenage boys.
A. boys B. girls C. students D. workers
5). Fashion not only in Clothes. For most people,the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question,“What ______ are in fashion?”
A. color B. clothes C. food D. money
6). And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a ______ coat.” “His shirt was really a fashionable color.”
A. nice B. beautiful C. expensive D. fashionable
7). But of course there are fashions _____ many things,not only in clothes.
A. at B. by C. in D. with
8). Learning to ___ and getting a driver’s license may be one of the most exciting things in a young person’s life.
A. make B. mend C. wash D. drive
答案:AABBBDCD
4. 复查核对,决定取舍
完成填空后最关键的一点是要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或疏漏的地方。有些考生以为自己全部填对了而沾沾自喜,根本没想到不是缺了“’”就是少了“s”,或是忘了加“ed”,这是很可惜的,因为从意思上他是理解了、看懂了题目,但因粗心大意而失分。如闸北区2003年中考模拟卷完型填空中的第4小题,应为习That‘s no problem .。这是一句口语语,通常不用复数,但很多考生都填了problems。
Exercises:
1. Fashion not only in Clothes
For most people,the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question,“What ___1___ are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a ___2___ coat.” “His shirt was really a fashionable color.”
But of course there are fashions ___3___ many things,not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are ___4___ fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages. Fashions ___5___ as time goes. ___6___ you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different ___7___ one of 1650. A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1850.
Today fashions change very quickly. We hear about things ___8___ more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and televisions send information from one country ___9___ another in a few hours. New fashions mean that people will ___10___ new things, so you see there is money in fashion.
1. A. color B. clothes C. food D. money
2. A. nice B. beautiful C. expensive D. fashionable
3. A. at B. by C. in D. with
4. A. even B. just C. only D. already
5. A. change B. changes C. are changed D. changed
6. A. Where B. When C. If D. As
7. A. on B. for C. with D. from
8. A. very B. much C. too D. quite
9. A. in B. by C. to D. with
10. A. buy B. sell C. get D. use
【答案与解析】
1. B.根据首句“时髦意味着衣服”,很容易推测出要问的是“衣服”。
2. D.根据上文“用同样的方法使用形容词 fashionable”,下文自然是含有fashionable的句子。
3. C.根据下文中的in holidays,in restaurants等,运用语感感知法立刻就能锁定正确选项。
4. A.上句“假期时髦、餐馆时髦……”和本句的“学科时髦、工作时髦……”之间是进一步说明的关系,因此,要选表示递进关系的副词。这四个副词中只有even表示递进关系。
5. A.“时髦随着时间的推移发生变化”,属于客观事实和普遍真理,因此,要用一般现在时。
6. C.“看过去的像片或物品”和“看到时髦总是在变化”是条件与结果的关系,因此,本句应选引导条件状语从句的连词。
7. D.表示“与……不同”,要用固定词组be different from。根据下句中的different from,运用就地发现法,也能立马锁定选项。
8. B.从句子结构方面来看,这是一个表示两者进行比较的句型。根据语法规则“修饰比较级时要用程度副词much”,就可以排除其他选项。
9. C.此处是指“从一个国家,到另一个国家”。表达这一意思时,要用连词词组from... to...。
10. A.根据后半句“明白钱的时髦”,运用科学推理法可知“只有买东西才能知道”,因此,应是“买新东西”。
2. Many people think that Americans 1 their cars almost more than anything else. When __2__ people are fourteen years old, they want to have their __3__ cars. They don’t ask for a car from their __4__. So many of them work in _5_ time during their last year of high school to buy a car. Learning to __6 _ and getting a driver’s license may be one of the most exciting things in a young person’s life.
Some people almost ___7__ go to a doctor when they are ill. But they will __8__ their cars to a garage as soon as they think there is a __9___ . On Saturdays or Sundays some people may __10___most of their time washing and repairing their cars.
1. A. prefer B. love C. drive D. play
2. A. little B. big C. old D. young
3. A. new B. own C. expensive D. cheap
4. A. friends B. teachers C. parents D. brothers
5. A. free B. busy C. study D. good
6. A. make B. mend C. wash D. drive
7. A. always B. never C. often D. usually
8. A. take B. carry C. pull D. lift
9. A. question B. wrong C. mistake D. problem
10. A. cost B. get C. spend D. use
点评:
本文介绍了美国人尤其是年轻人对于轿车的厚爱,并列举了一些事例加以说明。让人们看到了一个发达国家的富裕和人民生活的繁荣。
答案简析:
1. B. 通过下文的事例不难看出美国人对汽车不是一般的喜欢,故用love it, 较贴近文章的意思。
2. D. 按常识,十四五岁的人应称为年轻人,故应说young.
3. B. 根据下文他们不想通过索要来获取别人的小轿车,而是想拥有自己的小汽车,故选own.
4. C. 如果说想要索要小汽车的话,那只有先从父母亲那儿开始了,故应选parents.
5. A. 十四五岁的年轻多在上学,所以工作占用的应是上学期间的空隙,故应选free.
6. D. 要想获得驾照得先学开车,故应选drive.
7. B. 与下文“车子一有问题就去修理”相对应,有些人病了却从不看医生,故应选never.
8. A. carry应为“搬运”,push 为“推”,lift 意思为“举,提起”都不合文意,take sth. to 某地,意为“把……带到……”。
9. D. 只能选择一个名词, 表示汽车的“故障,毛病”, 故选problem.
10. C. spend some time doing sth.为一个固定搭配,意为“花时间干某事”。
3. Food is very important. Everyone needs to __1__ well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is __2__. We begin to get knowledge even __3__ we are very young. Small children are __4__ in everything around them. They learn __5__ while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to __6__ story books, science books…, anything they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and __7__ to find out answers. What is the best __8__ to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we will get __9__ knowledge. If we are __10__ getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. When we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.
1. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat
2. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat
3. A. until B. when C. after D. so
4. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. better
5. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
6. A. lend B. read C. learn D. write
7. A. try B. have C. refuse D. wait
8. A. place B. school C. way D. road
9. A. little B. few C. many D. the most
10. A. often B. always C. usually D. something
点评:
本文说明了知识的重要性,介绍了一个人学习知识的过程以及获取知识的最佳途径,是一篇可读性较强的文章。
答案简析:
1.D.本句承接上文,进一步强调食物的重要性,要有强壮的体魄得吃得好,故选eat.
2.C.根据下文,大脑所需要的食物应为knowledge.
3.B.按常理一个人在小的时候就开始学习了,所以应用when引导这里的时间状语从句。
4.A.小孩对知识的接受主要依靠于他们对事物产生的兴趣,词组be interested in sth 表示“对……感兴趣”,而interesting用来形容令人感兴趣的事物,故选择interested.
5.B.孩子们在耳听眼观的过程中经常会学到一些东西。everything过于绝对化 , nothing、anything 不合文意,应选 something.
6.B.随着年龄的增长,孩子们开始read各类书籍而不是write, learn在这里搭配不当。
7.A.孩子们在学习过程中发现问题时,由于求知的欲望,应尽力去解决问题,故选择try.
8.C.本段主要就学习方法展开讨论,该句应为总括句,空白处当然应填入way.
9.D.与后面的方法比起来,作者认为自主的学习为最佳方法,最佳方法当然应使人获得最多的知识,故选择the most.
10.B.be always doing sth 意为“总是干某事”。
