中药学(西学中)基础知识复习题

一、单项选择题，在备选答案中只有一个最佳答案，请将正确选项的代码填写在题后的括号内。

1.补血又止血，尤善治出血而致血虚的药是 [       ]

A.白芍  B．熟地黄   C．三七  

D.阿胶

2.肾虚筋骨痿软，囟门不合，宜选 [       ]

A.鳖甲  B.麦冬    C.龟甲    

D.枸杞子

3.既养阴润肺，又清心除烦的药是 [       ]

Ａ.麦冬 Ｂ.天冬 Ｃ.北沙参     

Ｄ.南沙参

4.既补肝肾，益精血，又化浊降脂的药是 [       ]

A.泽泻  B.山楂  C.熟地黄 

D.何首乌

5.标本兼顾治疗滑脱病证，收涩药应配伍 [       ] 

Ａ.解表药  Ｂ.开窍药  Ｃ.补虚药

Ｄ.平肝药

6.治疗蛔厥腹痛呕吐，宜选 [       ]

Ａ.苦楝皮  Ｂ.使君子  Ｃ.五倍子

Ｄ.乌梅 

7.不属于五味子的功效是 [       ]

Ａ.收敛固涩  Ｂ.补肾宁心  Ｃ.益气生津

Ｄ.收湿敛疮

8.可用于久咳、失音的药是 [       ]

A.紫苏子  B.莲子  C.诃子

D.芥子

9.苍术与白术的共同功效是 [       ]

A.明目   B.燥湿   C.祛风散寒

D.安胎

10.具有“呕家圣药”之称的是 [       ]

A.生姜  B.陈皮    C.干姜 

D.炮姜

11.桑白皮与葶苈子的共同功效是                                        [       ]

A.泻肺平喘  B.活血化瘀  C.宁心安神

D.润肺止咳

12.清心镇惊安神，善治心火亢盛之心神不宁的药是                        [       ]

A.柏子仁   B.酸枣仁    C.合欢皮

D.朱砂

13.羚羊角的功效不包括                                                [       ]

A.清肝明目  B.平肝息风   C.清热解毒

D.化痰开窍

14.既能清热定惊，又能平喘，利尿的药是          [       ]

A.全蝎 蜈蚣 地龙

D.僵蚕

15.能息风止痉，祛风通络的药是               [       ]

A.钩藤     B.石决明   C.天麻 

D.麝香

16.牛黄不具有的功效是                                                [       ]

A.清热解毒  B.开窍醒神  C.凉肝息风

D.平肝潜阳

17.善治寒闭神昏的药是   [       ]

A.石菖蒲   B.麝香  C.苏合香

D.冰片

18.善驱逐寒湿而止痛，尤宜于寒邪偏盛之痹痛的药是                      [       ]

A.独活 .蕲蛇 威灵仙

D.川乌

19.能温肾助阳，纳气平喘的药是                                        [       ]

A.菟丝子  .续断         C. 补骨脂  

D.沙苑子

20.不属于莲子主治证的是                                              [       ]

A.遗精滑精  B.久咳虚喘     C.脾虚泄泻

D.心悸失眠

21.既散寒止痛，又降逆止呕的药是                                      [       ]   

A.香附                   B.川楝子                C.小茴香

D.吴茱萸

22.陈皮的功效是                                                      [       ]

A.疏肝破气      B.燥湿化痰  C.纳气平喘

D.调经止痛

23.疏肝破气，消积化滞的药是                                        [       ]

A.厚朴 川楝子 青皮

D.柴胡

24.被称为“气病之总司，女科之主帅”的药是                            [       ]

A.香附    B.厚朴    C.薤白

D.川芎

25.薤白善于治疗 [       ]

A.胸痹  B.湿痹  C.梅核气 

D.呃逆

26.治肾不纳气之虚喘的药是 [       ]

A.木香  B.香附  C.沉香        

D.枳实

27.消食健胃，长于消化油腻肉食积滞的药是                              [       ]

A.六神曲     B.山楂    C.麦芽

D.莱菔子

28.鸡内金的功效不包括 [       ]

A.健胃消食  B.涩精止遗   C.利尿消肿

D.通淋化石

29.授乳期不宜使用的药是 [       ]

A.鸡内金  B.山楂  C.麦芽       

D.莱菔子  

30.杀虫消积，尤宜于小儿蛔虫病的药是                                  [       ]

A.苦楝皮     B.使君子    C.南瓜子

D.鹤草芽

31.与石膏相须配伍，治气分实热证的药是                                [       ]

A.大黄                  B.知母                    C.芦根

D.栀子

32.蒲公英善治    [       ]

A.肺痈                  B.乳痈                    C.疔毒

D.梅毒

33.玄参的功效是 [       ]

A.清热燥湿  B.活血化瘀       C.滋阴降火

D.泻下攻积

34.不属于牡丹皮主治病证的是                        [       ]  

A.血热吐衄  B.无汗骨蒸  C.经闭痛经

D.肝郁胁痛

35.金银花与连翘的共同功效是 [       ]

A.清热解毒 B.凉血止痢   C.平肝明目

D.消肿散结

36.黄芩的功效不包括 [       ]

A.清热燥湿 B.安胎  C.止血

D.除骨蒸

37.既能清肝明目，又能润肠通便的药是    [       ]

A.决明子   B.夏枯草    C.火麻仁

D.栀子

38.被誉为“疮家圣药”的是                                               [       ]

A.黄芩                  B.鱼腥草                  C.连翘

D.煅石膏

39.最宜与大黄配伍，治热结便秘的药是                                     [       ]

A.大黄                  B.番泻叶                  C.芒硝

D.巴豆

40.能泻下通便，清肝泻火的药是                                           [       ] 

A.龙胆 甘遂 川楝子

D.芦荟

41.  熟地黄的功效是                                                     [       ]

  A.补血，滋阴，益精 养血调经，平肝止痛  

  C.补血活血，滋阴润燥 补血活血，止痛润肠

42.具有安胎功效的补气药是                                            [       ]

  A.党参 续断 白术           

D.黄芪

43.能利胆退黄，活血化瘀的药是                                        [       ]

  A.川芎                  B.郁金                   C.莪术

D.桃仁

44.附子的正确用法是                                                  [       ]

  A.包煎                   B.后下                   C.先煎

D.烊化

45.葶苈子的功效是                                                    [       ]

  A .息风止痉              B.通络止痛               C.平肝潜阳

D.泻肺平喘              

46.既能养阴，又能清心除烦的药是                                      [       ]

  Ａ.鹿茸                  Ｂ.麦冬                  Ｃ.山药            

Ｄ.山茱萸

47.既能敛肺止咳，又能生津安蛔的药是                                  [       ]

  A.使君子                  　 B. 槟榔    　　               C.乌梅    　　     

D.贯众

48.能祛风湿，舒筋络，退虚热，利湿退黄的药是                          [       ]

  Ａ.木瓜                  Ｂ.秦艽                  Ｃ.蕲蛇         

Ｄ.藿香

49.能通阳散结，为治胸痹之要药的是                                    [       ]

   A.陈皮                   B.川楝子                 C.香附

D.薤白

50.不属于人参作用的是                                                [       ]

A.补元气                 B.补肺气                  C.补脾气        

D.镇静安神    

51.桃仁与苦杏仁的共同功效是                                         [       ]

A.止咳平喘           B.活血祛瘀             C.燥湿利水           

D.凉血止血

52.虎杖的功效是                                                     [       ]

A.利湿退黄，清热解毒，散瘀止痛，化痰止咳

B.利湿退黄，活血止血，化痰止咳，清热解毒

C.利湿退黄，活血调经，续筋接骨，化痰止咳

D.利水通便，活血散瘀，解毒敛疮，化痰止咳

53.中药性能的基本内容不包括                                         [       ]

　  A.五味               B.中药的形状           C.升降浮沉

D.归经

54.清热解毒，被称为 “疮家圣药”的药是                              [       ]

　  A.蒲公英             B.金银花               C.黄芪

D.连翘

55.软坚泻下，外用可回乳的药是                                       [       ]

  A.芦荟               B.巴豆                 C.芒硝

D.酸枣仁

56.能补火助阳，散寒止痛，温经通脉的药是                             [       ]

  A. 桂枝              B. 附子                C. 肉桂

D. 龙眼肉

57.收敛止血，常用治肺胃出血的药是                                   [       ]

A.小蓟                 B.白及                   C.地榆

D.侧柏叶

58.能活血调经，凉血消痈，除烦安神的药是                             [       ]

 A.三棱                 B.郁金                   C.丹参

D.姜黄

59.能燥湿化痰，散结消痞，为治脏腑湿痰证之要药的药是                 [       ]

  A.白果                 B.葶苈子                 C.半夏

D.桑白皮

60.能息风止痉，化痰开窍，尤长于治痰热惊风的药是                     [       ]

　    A.全蝎                 B. 蜈蚣                  C. 牛黄

D. 地龙

61.有发散，行气，行血作用的药味是                                      [       ]

　A.辛味                 B.苦味                C.甘味

D.酸味

62.陈皮的功效是                                                        [       ]

  A.化痰润肺    　　　　B.理气健脾   　　　　 C.暖肝散寒    

D.疏肝理气    

63.一种药物能降低另一种药物的毒副效应的配伍关系，称为                  [       ]

　 A.相使                B.相畏                C.相杀                   

D.相恶 

.菊花与桑叶的共同功效是                                         [       ]

　  A.清热解毒            B.凉血止血            C.疏散风热             

D.清肺润燥

65.苍术与白术的共同功效是                                         [       ]

　 A.安胎                B.燥湿                C.补脾气        

D.解表

66.厚朴的功效不包括                                               [       ]

　 A.行气    　          B.止呕     　         C.平喘    　　

D.消积

67.被称为“止血神药”的药是                                       [       ]

　  A.蒲黄                B．地榆               C. 三七

D.侧柏叶   

68.治疗湿热泻痢，腹痛，里急后重，常与黄连配伍同用的药是           [       ]

A.青皮                B.木香                C.砂仁        

D.白头翁   

69.既燥湿健脾又能祛风湿的药是                                     [       ]

A.厚朴               B.苍术                C.独活         

D.羌活    

70.能清热化痰，润肠通便的药是                                     [       ]

     A.瓜蒌                B.川贝母               C.半夏

D.浙贝母

二、多项选择题，在备选答案中，至少有两项以上是正确的，请将正确选项的代码填写在题后的括号内。

1.天麻的适应证有                                                 [            ]

A.小儿急惊       B.小儿慢惊     C.破伤风   

D.肝阳上亢眩晕   E.风湿痹痛

2.鹿茸的主治病证有                                               [            ]

A.肾阳虚，阳痿   B.肾阳虚筋骨痿软      C.冲任虚寒，崩漏带下  

D.脘腹胀痛       E.小儿五迟 

3.影响药物的升降浮沉因素有                                       [            ]

A.贮存方法       B.药物的质地     C.药物的炮制    

D.药物的配伍     E.药物的性味

4.不宜与藜芦配伍的药有                                           [            ]

A.丹参           B.辛夷   　　    C.白芍   　　 

D.人参    　   　E.苦参 

5.能凉血止血的药有                                               [            ]

A.地榆           B.栀子           C.大蓟         

D.艾叶           E大黄

6.大黄与虎杖的共同功效有                                         [            ]

A.泻下通便               B.活血化瘀             C.清利湿热

D.凉血止血               E.化痰止咳

7.能安胎的药有                                                   [            ]

A.砂仁                   B.桑寄生                C.黄芩  

D.广藿香                 E.紫苏叶

8.能疏肝的药有                                                   [            ]

A.枳实                   B.益母草                C.柴胡 

D.薄荷                   E.川楝子

9.鹿茸的主治证病有                                                [           ]

A.疮疡久溃不敛           B.肾虚筋骨痿软          C.冲任虚寒，崩漏带下

D.宫冷不孕               E.阳痿遗精

10.全蝎与蜈蚣的共同功效有                                          [           ]

A.息风镇痉               B.攻毒散结            C.平抑肝阳

D.通络止痛               E.安神

中药学答案

1.单选题