
1.单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级
| 构成法 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| ①一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est | tall(高的) great(巨大的) | taller greater | tallest greatest |
| ②以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st | nice(好的) large(大的) able(有能力的) | nicer larger abler | nicest largest ablest |
| ③以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -est | big(大的) hot(热的) | bigger hotter | biggest hottest |
| ④"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加 -er,-est | easy(容易的) busy(忙的) | easier busier | easiest busiest |
| ⑤少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er, -est | clever(聪明的) narrow(窄的) | cleverer narrower | cleverest narrowest |
| ⑥其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。 | important(重要的) easily(容易地) | more important more easily | most important most easily |
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| good(好的)/ well(健康的) | better | best |
| bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) | worse | worst |
| old (老的) | older/elder | oldest/eldest |
| much/many(多的) | more | most |
| little(少的) | less | least |
| far (远的) | farther/further | farthest/furthest |
(1)old 有两种比较级和最高级形式:older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder/eldest 只多用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。
My elder brother is an engineer.
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
(2)far 有两种比较级farther和further。在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中,farther 表示距离,further表示进一步。
I have nothing further to say.
3.几个常用的基本句型:
as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
形容词或副词比较级+ than
the + 最高级 + 比较范围
▲ as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
(1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。
He cannot run so/as fast as you.
(2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +adj.+ a/an +n.或as + many/much +n.
This is as good an example as the other is.
I can carry as much paper as you can..
(3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。
This room is twice as big as that one.
Your room is the same size as mine.
(4)倍数+ as + adj. + as= 倍数+ the + n. + of
This bridge is three times as long as that one.
=This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine.
=Your room is twice the size of mine.
▲形容词或副词比较级+ than
eg: You are taller than I.
The lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.
注意:
(1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is cleverer than his brother.
(2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.
(3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
(4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有冠词。
比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
※可修饰比较级的词
(1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
(2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
(3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
▲ the + 最高级 + 比较范围
(1)The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
※ 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。
形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示“非常”
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.
注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
(2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far, far, much, mostly, almost
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
①very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。
This is the very best. This is much the best.
②序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.
(3)句型转换:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
(4)“否定词语+比较级”与“否定词语+ so… as”结构表示最高级含义
Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.
▲ 和比较级(more等)有关的词组
(1)the +比较级…, the + 比较级…越……就越……
The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.
(2)more B than A与其说A不如说B (= less A than B)
He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.
与其说他做事慢,不如说他懒。
(3)no more than… 与……一样……,不比……多
no less… than… 与……一样……
The officials could see no more than the Emperor. =The officials could see as little as the Emperor.
们所见并不比皇帝多。 ( 指都少 )
He is no less diligent than you. =He is as diligent as you.
他和你一样勤奋。
(4)more than 不只是,非常 She is more than kind to us all.
1.(2009,四川资阳).Sydney is one of ______cities in the world.
A. beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D. the most beautiful
2.(2009,达州)——Kevin, is your twin brother the same as you?
——No, I’m ______ than him.
A.a little thin B.very thinner C.much thiner D. a little thinner
3.(2009,南充)The seats in the middle of the cinema are ______of all.
A.better B.good C.the best
4.(2010,南充)I have changed a lot in the last few years .Now I’m ______ than before and I’m more outgoing.
A.much tall B.much taller C.more taller
5.(2011.南充)China is one of ______ countries in the world .
A.larger B.largest C.the largest
6.(2009.南充)—Dick, is Dick your twin brother? —Yes,and I’m 1cm _____than him. A.more tall B.taller C. more taller
7.(2010.重庆)We’re happy that our country has developed __these years than before.
A. quickly B.less quickly C.more quickly D.most quickly 8.(2010.眉山)—— I think folk music is less popular than classical music .
—I don’t agree with you .Classical music is ______folk music .
A.as popular as B.so popular as C.more popular than
9.(2011,内江)——What a hot day!
—The weather report says it will be much ______tomorrow.
A.hot B.hotter C.hottest
10.(2011,眉山)—Which color do you like ___,yellow , green or black? —Green. A.good B. Well C. better D.best
11.(2011,凉山)——What a careful boy you are!
—Thank you. In fact ,Tom does everything ______than me .
A.more carefully B.more careful C.much careful
12.(2011,德阳)——Do you know what has happened in Japan recently?
—The earthquake ! It’s ______one that I have ever heard of.
A.a very serious B.a more serious C.the most serious
13.(2011,德阳)My sister has practiced tennis for a long time.She plays tennis ______you.
A.as good as B.so well as C.as well as
14.(2011,成都)——______scientific attitude is needed in developing our city.
——I agree with you.In this way ,we can make ______mistakes .
A.Fewer ;less B. Less; more C.More fewer
