
Words:10%
1.混合物
2.听众
3.领导者
4.宗教
5.个别的
Vocabulary and structure 10%
| shock | glance | Grope | response |
| schedule | abstract | Property | offer |
| compass | crash | Make up for | Rule out |
2.During the meal he kept ________ at the door, obviously expecting someone to walk in.
3.She ______ for her glasses on the bedside table
4.The car ____________into a tree and burst into flames.
5.The construction was completed three weeks ahead of __________________.
6.We drove as fast as we could, trying to __________ lost time.
7.The manager’s _______________ to our plan was encouraging.
8.We can’t ________ the possibility that she was murdered by her husband.
9.Professor Brown’s books are very ________ and are hard to read.
10.Sailors use an ____________ to know in which direction their ship is headed.
Reading comprehension 40%
Passage one
As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw material for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the productive performance of agriculture is even more important than this, because in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of industrial goods or of other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capita income of a nation is the number of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world, more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 percent in Western Europe and less than 4 percent in the United States. In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the productive performance of farmers. This performance, in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, within which it works. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is reasonable to begin with a consideration of its market structure.
1. This passage is most probably part of .
A) a news item B) an advertisement C) a lecture D) an article
2. What is most important to agriculture is .
A) its productive performance
B) the per capita income of farmers
C) the amount of food it produces
D) the production of industrial goods
3. The word “this” (line 4) refers to .
A) the productivity of farmers
B) the provision of food and raw materials
C) the production of investment goods
D) the economy as a whole
4. The performance of farmers essentially determines .
A) the size of the working population
B) the organization of agriculture
C) the market structure
D) the general development of economy
5. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of .
A) the market structure of American agriculture
B) the structure of American farming population
C) the various functions of American agriculture
D) the organization of American agriculture
Passage two
In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing students for the doctor’s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and development of modern industry. A room full of students for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To set an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
6. In the Middle Ages students .
A) took objective tests B) were timed by electric clocks
C) specialized in one subject D) seldom took written exams
7. Nowadays a student working for the doctor’s degree .
A) has to take a kind of oral examination
B) must ask a number of questions
C) has to write a poem
D) must take an advanced examination
8. According to Paragraph 3 , which of the following is true.
A) Written examinations were not heard of before 1900.
B) The development of modern industry resulted from the increase in population
C) A group of workers of an automobile factory are taking a written examination
D) Modern examinations are mainly set in written form and taken in a limited amount of time.
9. The kind of exam where students must select answers is .
A) personal B) spoken C) objective D) written
10. It may be concluded that examinations .
A) should test only opinions B) have changed since the Middle Ages
C) should always be written D) are also given in factories
Passage three
Long after the 1998 World Cup was won,disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team . A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛)involving four youth teams . Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods’ of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail, Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident, When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum(最佳的)distance is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be an optimum speed for errors came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA , football’s international ruling body , wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup , it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance , rather than rushing to keep up with the ball , the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA’ s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.
11. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to .
A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup
B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees
C) set a standard for football refereeing
D) reexamine the rules for football refereeing
12. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental match was .
A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup
C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match
13. The findings of the experiment show that .
A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B) the farther the referee is from the incident ,the fewer the errors
C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur
D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
14. The word “officials”(Line 2, para. 4)most probably refers to .
A) the researchers involved in the experiment
B) the inspectors of the football tournament
C) the referees of the football tournament
D) the observers at the site of the experiment
15. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?
A) The ideal retirement age of an experienced football referee is 45.
B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.
D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.
Translation
Chinese to English
1.他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。
2.谁有责任就必须赔偿损失。
3.她的努力工作使她得到了一大笔奖金。
English to Chinese
1.Another theory is that the geography of the area is responsible for the disappearances of ships and planes.
2.For some time we thought that although human beings learned their culture, animals could not be taught such behavior.
3.We used to think that the ability to use tools was the dividing line between human being and other animals.
