(Unit TestⅦ、Ⅷ 2011年6月30日)
一,Multiple Choice(10 points)
1- While rigging up, the workers keep hands and other body parts away the moving parts.
A ) from B) out of C) off
2- Once the substructure is set in place, the process of the rig floor begins.
A) installation B) setting up C) raising
3- is essentially a large winch that spools off or takes in the drilling line and thus raises or lowers the drill stem and bit.
A) Crown block B) drawworks C) Top drive
4- is located at a height in the derrick or mast equal to two, three, or four lengths of pipe respectively.
A) Drill floor B) Hoisting hook C) Monkeyboard
5- Installing the power system is usually done simultaneously with setting up the rig floor, because power to operate the equipment.
A) needs B) is needed C) needing
6- Fuel tanks are specially used to supply for the power generating system.
A) petrol B) gasoline C) diesel
7- While one crew finishes preparing the rig floor, another crew might be rigging up the system.
A) circulated B) circulate D) circulating
8- Mud pump is a large reciprocating pump to circulate the mud (drilling fluid) on a drilling rig.
A) using B) used D) uses
9. A BOP installation could both annular and ram type BOPs assembled into a stack.
A) be consisted of B) consist of B) consisting of
10. The components of the drilling rig and all necessary equipment are moved ________ the location with large trucks.
A) onto B) into C) upto
二, Word Translating(30 points)
1.productive 2.mutual
3.dispatch 4.commitment
5.perseverance 6.indication
7.tackle 8.rigid
9.alignment 10.contamination_____
11.commission 12.reeve
13.harsh 14.assembly
15.footloose 16.derelict
17.precision 18.notably
19.viable 20.initially
21.dissipate 22.waterflood
23.wellbore 24.prompt
25.appliance 26.prescription
27.hygienic 28.competent
29.precaution 30.valid
三,Phrase Translating (40 points )
1.save on 2.draft out
3.take into account 4.oil trap
5.bottom plug 6.rock cuttings
7.slope brace 8.rotary beam
9.transmission system 10.metal stake
11.extension table 12.turbine drill
13.fall behind with
14.shoot the whole scene__________________________________
15.steer clear of
16.naturally occuring pressure ____________________________
17.natural lift production
18.artificial lift
19.tertiary production
20.enhanced oil recovery
四,Reading and Choosing:(20 points)
Reading Part 1
When crude oil comes out of a well (especially an undersea well), the crude oil is often mixed with gases, water and sand. It forms an emulsion with the water that looks a bit like caramel. The sand is suspended in the emulsion, adding to the caramel effect. The sand will settle out and the water is removed using de-emulsifying agents. They have to be separated from the crude oil before it can be processed ready for transportation by tanker or pipeline. The dissolved gases have to be removed at the well. Otherwise, they might come out of solution and cause a build up of pressure in a pipe or a tanker. The crude oil also contains sulphur. This has to be removed from any fractions that are going to be burnt because it forms sulphur dioxide which contributes to acid rain. So any fractions that go into fuels pass through hydrofiners to remove the sulphur.
Products from oil (petroleum products) help us do many things. We use them to fuel our airplanes, cars, and trucks, to heat our homes, and to make products like medicines and plastics. Even though petroleum products make life easier - finding, producing, moving, and using them can cause problems for our environment like air and water pollution. Over the years, new technologies and laws have helped to reduce problems related to petroleum products. As with any industry, the government monitors how oil is produced, refined, stored, and sent to market to reduce the impact on the environment. Since 1990, fuels like gasoline and diesel fuel have also been improved so that they produce less pollution when we use them.
Reading Part 2
Exploring and drilling for oil may disturb land and ocean habitats. New technologies have greatly reduced the number and size of areas disturbed by drilling, sometimes called "footprints." Satellites, global positioning systems, remote sensing devices, and 3-D and 4-D seismic technologies, make it possible to discover oil reserves while drilling fewer wells. Plus, the use of horizontal and directional drilling makes it possible for a single well to produce oil from much bigger areas. Today's production footprints are only about one-fourth the size of those 30 years ago, due to the development of movable drilling rigs and smaller "slimhole" drilling rigs. When the oil in a well is gone, the well must be plugged below ground, making it hard to tell that it was ever there. As part of the "rig-to-reefs" program, some old offshore rigs are toppled and left on the sea floor to become artificial reefs that attract fish and other marine life. Within six months to a year after a rig is toppled, it becomes covered with barnacles, coral, sponges, clams, and other sea creatures. If oil is spilled into rivers or oceans it can harm wildlife. When we talk about "oil spills" people usually think about oil that leaks from ships when they crash. Although this type of spill can cause the biggest shock to wildlife because so much oil is released at one time, only 2 percent of all oil in the sea comes from ship or barge spills. The amount of oil spilled from ships dropped a lot during the 1990's partly because new ships were required to have a "double-hull" lining to protect against spills. While oil spills from ships are the most well-known problem with oil, more oil actually gets into water from natural oil seeps coming from the ocean floor. Or, from leaks that happen when we use petroleum products on land. For example, gasoline that sometimes drips onto the ground when people are filling their gas tanks, motor oil that gets thrown away after an oil change, or fuel that escapes from a leaky storage tank. When it rains, the spilled products get washed into the gutter and eventually go to rivers and the ocean. Another way that oil sometimes gets into water is when fuel is leaked from motorboats and jet .
Multiple Choice:
1. Today geologists can use computing to work out geological maps.
A. satellite B. device C. solution D. instrument
2. Put the cap (油箱盖)back on the fuel tank, otherwise the gasoline will .
A. escape B. remote C. attract D. spill
3. When oil is spilled into rivers or oceans, the will narrowly (狭窄地) escape from .
A. leak B. seep C. pollution D. reserve
4. The drilling noise seriously the people around the rig. .
A. disturbed B. distributed C.destroyed D.de-emulsified
5. oil spills from ships made a tremendous(巨大的) on the sea creatures.
A. effect B. impact C. focus D. fraction
6. Her ideas ________ the topic under discussion in the meeting.
A. relates to B. relating to C. related to D. are related to
7. The success of exploring and drilling for oil was their hard work.
A. because B. in order to C. since D. due to
8. The Panama Canal (巴拿马运河) has played a very important role in .
A. transportation B. pollution C.solution D.communication
9. The research is designed to the understanding of problem while drilling oil wells..
A. contribute to B. contributing to C. contribute for D. contributing for
10. Most directional wells are drilled on island (岛屿) .
A. horizontal B. artificial C. vertical
D. financial
11. The fuel leaked from motorboats and jet skis. sometimes gets into water, causing fishes .
A. polluted B. dying C. kill D. death
12. oil spill can cause the biggest shock, only 2 percent of all oil in the sea comes from ship or barge spills.
A. Unless B. As C. Since D. Although
13. 3-D and 4-D seismic technologies to discover oil reserves while drilling fewer wells.
A. make it possible B. make that it possible
C. make possible that D. make that possible
14. Petroleum products many things in our everyday life.
A. help us to do B. help us doing C. help us to doing
D. help us did
15. oil products can cause problems for our environment like air and water pollution.
A. To use B. Using C. Use D. Used
16. The might come out of solution and cause a build up(增大) of pressure in a pipeline.
A. dissolved gas B. crude oil C. emulsion
D. de-emulsifying agent
17. New technologies have been used greatly to reduce the number and size of areas by drilling operations.
A. disturbed B to disturb C. which disturbed D. disturbing
18. Today most countries have improved both gasoline and diesel fuel produce less polluting products.
A. so that B. so as to C. so to D. as to
19. With the development of movable drilling rigs ,today's production footprints are only about the size of those 30 years ago.
A. one-fourths B. one fourth C. one-fourth
D. one-fourth’s
20. Horizontal and directional drilling makes it possible for a single well to more oil.
A producing B. to produce C. produce D. produced