一、对于线性图表(Line Chart)的描述
上升
1. 对于上升趋势的描述:
a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组:to increase; to go up; to rise; to grow; to jump; to leap
to soar; to shoot; to pick up
b. 可以使用的名词:an increase; a growth; a jump; a soar;an upward trend
2. 对于上升到某个位置的描述:
a. 1. a. 中的动词+to+具体数据。
b. 1. a. 中的动词+to+the peak of+具体数据。
c. 1. a. 中的动词+reaching the peak of +具体数据。
d. 1. a. 中的动词+reaching + 具体数据。
e. to peak at + 具体数据
f. to climb to + 具体数据
3. 对于上升的程度的描述:
a. 1. a. 中的动词+by + 具体数据。
b. 1. a. 中的动词+副词。
下降
1. 对于下降趋势的描述:
a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组:to fall; to decrease; to go down; to slide; to collapse
to decline; to drop
b. 可以使用的名词:a collapse; a decrease; a fall; a decline; a drop
2. 对于下降到某个位置的描述:
a. 1. a. 中的动词+to+具体数据。
b. 1. a. 中的动词+to+the bottom of+具体数据。
c. 1. a. 中的动词+reaching the bottom of +具体数据。
d. 1. a. 中的动词+reaching + 具体数据。
3. 对于下降程度的描述:
a. 1. a. 中的动词+by + 具体数据。
b. 1. a. 中的动词+副词。
对于平稳的趋势的描述,可以使用的动词或动词词组:
to hardly change; to have little change; to keep steady; to level off; to remain constant
to stay the same
表示程度的副词:
1. 程度较大:considerably; dramatically; greatly; markedly; obviously; quickly; rapidly, Sharply; significantly; suddenly
2. 程度较小:slightly; gradually; slowly; steadily
时间的嵌入
嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组:in; from……to……; between…….and……
during……and……; at the start of ……; by the end of ……; over ……; at the end of ……
throughout ……
时间’s + 具体数据
上升和下降趋势的组合描述(嵌入了时间和程度之后):
1. 先上升后下降的句型:
...... increased slowly during…… and …… but fell sharply in …….
A steady fall in …… during …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….
2. 先下降后上升的句型:
…… fell before …… began to make a recovery ……
…… continue the recovery, climbing to ……
…… dropped during …… but increased again in ……
…… fell and then pick up during ……
…… collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……
3. 起伏波动的句型:
…… fluctuated sharply all through ……
4. 波动不大的句型:
…… hardly changed through the period between ……and ……
二、柱状图形(Bar Chart)和表格(Table Chart)的描述
转换为线形图形的描述
三、饼状图形(Pie Chart)的描述
对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型:
…… % of the …… is/has/have/are ……
…… accounts for ……% of the total
…… takes up ……% in the whole chart
趋势的比较
1. 表示相似的句型 (实例) :
Both share prices rose sharply in January.
Neither company has made a profit yet.
Like X, Y fell in June.
X rose just as sharply as Y.
2. 表示差异的句型(实例):
X fell sharply whereas/while Y remained steady.
X fell quickly compared to Y.
Unlike Y, X rose by 10%.
X rose far more dramatically than Y.
3. 表示倍数的句型:
the …… doubled/tripled in …… compared with those in ……
4. 客观比较的句型:
…… is …… in contrast to ……
数据的修饰
1. 表示不足的词或词组:up to; below; under; almost; nearly
2. 表示超过的词或词组:over; more than; just over
3. 表示大约的词:about
四、各种句型
1、开头套句:
The diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…
This bar chart displays the numbers of…
These two pie charts show the differences between two groups of…
The table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from……to……
The bar chart illustrates that……
The graph provides some interesting data regarding……
The diagram shows (that)……
The pie graph depicts (that)……
This is a curve graph which describes the trend of……
The figures/statistics show (that)……
The tree diagram reveals how……
2、上升趋势的套句:
The graphs show a threefold increase in the number of……
the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%].
A is ……times as much/many as b.
A increased by……
A increased to……
There is an upward trend in the number of……
A considerable increase/decrease occurred from……to……
……(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in……
3、表示下降趋势的套句:
from……to……the rate of decrease slow down.
from this year on,there was a gradual decline reduction in the……,reaching a figure of……
The figures/situation bottomed out in……
The figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.
4、表示持平不变的套句:
be similar to……
be the same as……
There are lot similarities/differences between……and……
A has something in common with b
the number of……remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year)。
The percentage of……stayed the same between……and……
The percentage remained steady at……
The percentage of……is slightly larger/smaller than that of……
There is not a great deal of difference between……and……
5、结尾
The tree diagram reveals how……
the data/statistics show (that)……
The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that……
As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table……
According to the chart/figures……
As is shown in the table……
as can be seen from the diagram,great changes have taken place in……
In my opinion,
Personally, I …
In short (= In brief) …
In conclusion,
As far as I’m concerned …
To conclude,
It seems clear that …
The graph shows the share price of two companies from 1996 to 2000.
At the start of 1996, shares in Consort Industries stood at $160. However, by the end of the year they had collapsed to just $50. They recovered steadily over the next twelve months but fluctuated sharply all through 1998. In 1999 they continued their recovery, climbing to $ 160 per share, where they remained throughout 2000.
Shares in Mandarin Technologies started trading at $150. Like Consort, Mandarin saw its shares fall during 1996 and then pick up the following year. This recovery then turned into a general upward trend, which continued until late 1999, when shares peaked at $220. They then collapsed before rising briefly to just over $150 at the end of 2000.
The graph shows the share prices for Microsoft and Apple. July-November 1999. Write a 120-14- word report describing and comparing the share prices.
Report: Comparison of Microsoft Corporation and Apple Computer, Inc. shares
At the start of the period Microsoft’s share price was virtually twice that of apple, by late November however, Apple had outstripped Microsoft with a share value of almost $100, $10 more than Microsoft.
Microsoft saw its share prices change constantly; they reached a peak of $100 in mid-July, fell to under $80 in mid-August and then recovered to $90 by September. The share price then fluctuated at or around this level until the end of November.
Apple shares, on the other hand, showed an overall upward trend. The price rose from $45 per share in July to almost $80 by mid-September. Following a sharp fall at the beginning of October, the share price picked up and increased steadily, reaching a peak of $100 by the end of November.
The graph shows unemployment in Italy and Germany, 1993-1998. Write a 120-14- word report comparing unemployment in the two countries.
Unemployment in Italy and Germany, 1993 to 1998
General trend
Unemployment figures in both Italy and Germany rose significantly over the period from 1993 to 1998.
Italy
Despite an overall increase, the unemployment figures were characterized by number of peaks and troughs over the six years. In 1993 unemployment stood at just over 9% of the total workforce, rising to 12% in 1995. it then fluctuated around this level until 1998, never falling below 11.5%.
Germany
In contrast, unemployment in Germany rose steadily with far fewer fluctuations, increasing from 8.5% to almost 10% by late 1993. Despite an improvement the following year, with the level falling to just under 9.25%, the upward trend continued, with unemployment reaching a peak of 11.5% by the end of 1997. However, 1998 saw unemployment drop sharply to 10.7% before leveling off.
The share prices of both IBM and AOL showed a general upward trend from June until the end of 1998. However, while AOL shares then continued to rise steadily over the next three months, the price of IBM shares fell slightly. By March 1999 both shares were worth about $100.
AOL shares then shot up, almost doubling in value within four weeks, they reached a high of $180 in mid-April before collapsing to just over $100 per share at the beginning of May. There was a slight recovery during that month however, despite this, by June 1999 the price of AOL shares was once again about $100. In contrast, despite minor fluctuations, IBM shares made a steady recovery over the three month period, finishing at just over $100, almost equal to AOL.