必修二文言文基础知识检测

                                                    班级       姓名        

一、通假字 

1、匪来贸丝，来即我谋                         2、于嗟鸠兮                                  

3、士之耽兮，犹可说也                        4、淇则有岸，隰则有泮                     

5、曰归曰归，岁亦莫止                        6、冯虚御风                                   

7、偭规矩而改错                             8、悟言一室之内                        

9、芳菲菲其弥章                              10、终老不复取                          

11、长乐王回深父                            12、蒲苇纫如丝                                    

二、解释下列加点的字词(重要实词）

匪我愆期                         将子无怒                        载笑载言                    

士贰其行                         夙兴夜寐                        女也不爽                                       

虽九死其犹未悔                  便可白公姥                       则其好游者不能穷也                

可怜体无比                      昼夜勤作息                     何意致不厚                      

君既若见录                      始适还家门                     多谢后世人                     

群贤毕至，少长咸集              流觞曲水                        列坐其次                   

信可乐也                  _____  不能喻之于怀                   向之所欣______________________

苟非吾之所有___________  ______  七月既望                       愀然                          

横槊赋诗                    吾与子之所共适                    无物以相之                     

而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观                正襟危坐              不能十一                    

三、指出下列加点的字词用法并解释（词类活用）

夙兴夜寐                                            岂不日戒                                            

雨雪霏霏                                            步余马于兰皋兮                          

高余冠之岌岌兮，长余佩之陆离                        孔雀东南飞                        

足以荣汝身                                          当其欣于所遇                                        

况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上                             一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作                           

舞幽壑之潜蛟，泣孤舟之嫠妇                         后世之谬其传而莫能名者，何可胜道也哉                                                                    

侣鱼虾而友麋鹿                                      不知东方之既白                                       

慧褒始舍于其址                                     问其深，则其好游者不能穷也                                 

火尚足以明也                                      而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远                                 

四、指出下列句子的句式特点并翻译句子

1、死生亦大矣                                                                               

2、固一世之雄也                                                                                   

3、何以解忧                                                                                                             

4、是造物者之无尽藏也                                                                                                     

5、不吾知其亦已矣                                                                                          

6、凌万顷之茫然                                                                                    

7、而今安在哉                                                                                                       

8、有碑仆道                                                                                        

9、虽无丝竹管弦之盛                                                                                            

10、此非孟德之困于周郎者乎                                                                       

11、此所以学者不可以不深思而慎取之也                                                             

12、以故其后名之曰“褒禅”                                                                         

13、仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛                                                                      

14、当其欣于所遇                                                                                   

15、月出于东山之上                                                                               

五、提炼句式并翻译

1.引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次                                                                          

2.所以游目骋怀，足以极视听之娱                                                                      

3.所以兴怀，其致一也                                                                                

4.其孰能讥之乎？                                                                                                 

5.何可胜道也哉！                                                                                   

6.为仲卿母所遣                                                                                     

六、积累文学文化常识

1、《诗经》“六义”指的是                                    ，前三者指的是诗的不同；后三者指的是诗的不同表现手法。

2.古代少年男女把头发扎成丫髻，叫           ，后来用总角指代少年时代。

3.《        》》与《        》》分别是中国文学现实主义和浪漫主义传统的两大源头。中国文学史上往往将“风”、“骚”并称，“风”指《        》，代表《       》；“骚”，指《        》，代表《       》。 

4. 禊，一种祭礼。古时一三月上旬的“巳”日为修禊日；三国魏以后用三月三日，不再用巳日。禊事，古代的一种风俗，          日人们到水边洗濯，嬉戏，以祈福消灾。

5. 望：农历每月        。既望：农历每月        。晦：农历每月           。朔：农历每月          。          

6. 乐府，本来是汉武帝刘彻设立的一个官署。就是掌管        的官府。它的任务是制定乐谱、采集歌词和训练乐工。后来，把乐府官署所采集、创作的歌词也称“乐府”或“乐府诗”，就成了一种音乐性的诗体名称了。其中属于汉代的叫“          ”。

7. 十二时辰制, 西周时就已使用。汉代命名为夜半、鸡鸣、平旦、日出、食时、隅中、日中、日昳、晡时、日入、黄昏、人定。又用十二地支来表示，以夜半二十三点至一点为          时，一至三点为          时，          为寅时，依次递推。

9.孟仲季纪月法：一年分四季，每季三个月，分别称为孟、仲、季。如“暮春”即为农历        月。

10.永和九年，岁在癸丑，采用的是           纪年法和           纪年法。

11.我国古代常以“阴”“阳”构成地名， 这种命名法反映了我国古代地理命名中的一个很普遍的规律，即以“山”或“水”为坐标来标识地名。在山的南面或水的北面，就取名“          ”；在山的北面或水的南面就取名为“         ”。用这种命名法保留下来的地名很多沿用至今。如“洛阳”在洛河的        面，“淮阴”在淮河的          面等。