设计年径流的分析计算

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   设计年径流的分析计算

一、思考题：

1.什么是年径流量？什么是设计年径流量？

2.日历年、水文年、水利年的涵义各如何？

3.什么是设计保证率？

4.推求设计年径流量之前，需要对水文资料进行哪几方面的审查？

5.展延年径流系列的关键是选取参证变量，简述参证变量应具备的条件。

6.推求设计年径流量的年内分配时，应酬遵循什么原则选择典型年？

7.缺乏实测资料时，怎样推求设计年径流量？

8.何谓水文比拟法？使用水文比拟法的关键是什么？

9.水文比拟法的实质是什么？

二、习题：

1.教材P122；5—10。

2.某水库多年平均流量Q=15m3/s，Cv=0.25，Cs=2.0Cv，年径流理论频率曲线为P—Ⅲ型。

（1）推求该水库设计频率为90%的年径流量。

（2）按下表径流年内分配典型，求设计年径流量的年内分配。

P—Ⅲ型频率曲线模比系数Kp值表（Cs=2.0Cv）

月  份	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	年
年内分配（%）	1.0	3.3	10.5	13.2	13.7	36.6	7.3	5.9	2.1	3.5	1.7	1.2	100

3.某流域有甲乙两个水文站，设计断面位于甲站附近，但只有1969—1980年实测径流资料。其下游的乙站却有1961—1980年实测径流资料，见下表，两站12年同步年径流观测资料对应关系较好，试将甲站1961—1968年缺测的年径流插补出来。

         某河流甲乙两站年径流资料表       单位：m3/s

年份	1961	1962	1963	19	1965	1966	1967	1968	1969	1970
乙站	1400	1250	1370	1360	1710	1445	10	1520	1810	1550
甲站									1570	1260
年份	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980
乙站	1460	1560	1440	1730	1630	1450	1480	1420	1350	1630
甲站	1220	1350	1160	1455	1310	1200	1240	1150	1060	1450

4.教材P124；5—13。