2019年高考试题-英语(全国卷大纲版)解析版(1)

注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！

无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

   英语〔全国卷大纲版〕解析

听力〔每题1.5分，总分值30分〕

第一节

1. What does the man want to do?

A. Take photos.                B. Buy a camera.            C. Help the woman.

2. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A noisy night.            B. Their life in town.        C. A place of living.

3. Where is the man now?

A. On his way.                B. In a restaurant.            C. At home

4. What will Celia do?

A. Find a player.           B. Watch a game.            C. Play basketball.

5. What day is it when the conversation takes place?

A. Saturday.                B. Sunday.                C. Monday.

第二节

听第6段材料，回答6、7题。

6. What is Sara going to do?

A. Buy John a gift.    B. Give John a surprise.        C. Invite John to France.

7. What does the man think of Sara’s plan?

A. Funny.                    B. Exciting.                C. Strange.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why does Diana say sorry to peter?

A. She has to give up her travel pan.

B. She wants to visit another city.

C. She needs to put off her test.

9. What does Diana want Peter to do?

A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend.    

C.T eacha geography lesson.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Why does the man call the woman?

A. To tell her about her new job.

B. To ask about her job program.

C. To plan a meeting with her.

11. Who needs a new flat?

A. Alex.                    B. Andrea.                C. Miranda.

12. Where is the woman now?

A. In Baltimore.                B. In New York.            C. In Avon.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What does Jan consider most important when he judges a restaurant?

A. Where the restaurant is.    

B. Whether the prices are low.

C. How well the food is prepared.

14. When did Jan begin to write for a magazine?

A. After he came back to Sweden.

B. Before he went to the United States.

C. As soon as he got his first job in 1982.

15. What may Jan do to find a good restaurant?

A. Talk to people in the street.    B. Speak to taxi drivers.C. Ask hotel clerks.

16. What do we know about Jan?

A. He cooks for a restaurant.    

B. He travels a lot of his work.

C. He prefers American food.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题

17. What do we know about the Plaza Leon?

A. it’s new building.            B. it’s a small town.        C. it’s public place.

18. When do parents and children like going to the Plaza Leon?

A. Saturday nights.    B. Sunday afternoons.    C. Fridays and Saturdays.

19. Which street is known for its food shops and markets?

A. Via del Mar Street.        B. Fernando Street.    C. Hernandes Street.

20. Why does the speaker like Horatio Street best?

A. It has an old stone surface.    B. it is named after a writer.    

C. It is a famous university.

第二部分    英语知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)

第一节单项填空(共15小题:每题1分，总分值15分)

21、--I'm sorry I made a mistake!

--     Nobody is perfect.

A. Take your time    B. You're right        C. Whatever you say        D. Take it easy

22. Would you like to      with us to the film tonight?

A. come along        B. come off        C. come across        D. come through

23. I was glad to meet Jenny again,        I didn't want to spend all day with her.

A. but              B. and              C. so              D. or

24. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_       I would  be staying.

A. what                    B. when                C. where                D. which

25.I got to the office earlier that day,    the 7:30 train from Paddington

A.caught   B. to have caught   C. to catch    D. having caught

26. Since nobody gave him any help, he     have done the research on his own.

A. can       B. must       C. would         D. need

27. We      very early so we packed the night before.

A. leave     B. had left       C. were leaving        D. have left

28. The watch was very good, and he ______ 20 percent down for it.

A. paid   B. cost    C. bought    D. spent

[答案]A

[解析]A. pay 钱for sth是一个搭配.C中Buy的宾语是物不是钱. D中spend some money on something.B中cost作为花费解释的话，主语应该是sth.

29. It may not be a great suggestion.But before     is put forward. We’ll make do with it.

A. a good one     B. a better one    C. the best one    D. a best one

30. It was only after he had read the papers     Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

A. when       B. that      C. which         D. what

31 A serious study of physics is impossible      some knowledge of mathematics.

A. against       B. before        C. beyond       D. without

32. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent    properly in this hospital.

A. can be the patients               B. can the patients be treated

C. the patients can be treated         D. treated can be the patients

33.Four and    half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and    break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.

A. a;a    B. the; the    C.不填；the          D. a;不填

34. It's an either-or situation - we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do      .

A. others       B. either       C. another     D. both

35. -Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?

-      ,if you insist

A. Not at all   B. It depends  C. All right then  D.I don't care

第二节 完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕

Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the  arts, But people in the streets  36  him, especially those who are    37  .

For those people, he is "Gloves" Greenberg. How did he get that  38  ?

He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But he's  39 _. His briefcase always has some gloves。

In winter, Mr.Greenberg does not  40  like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and  41  the street. He looks around at   42  .He stops when he   43  someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he   44  ,looking for more people with cold   45  .

On winter days, Mr.Greenberg   46  gloves. During the rest of the year, he   47  gloves. People who have heard about him  48  him gloves, and he has many in his apartment.

 Mr. Greenberg     49    doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and     50      his behavior. But people who don't know him are sometimes    51    him. They don't realize that he just wants to make them   52    .

It runs in the   53   .Michael's father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the  54   .A pair of gloves may be a   55   thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.

36.A.know about        B. learn from        C. cheer for            D. look after

37. A. old                B. busy                C. kind                D.poor

38. A.job                B. name                C. chance              D. message

39.A.calm                B.different            C.crazy                D.curious

40.A.act                    B.sound                C.feel                D.dress

41.A.cross over            B. drive along        C. hurry down        D. keep off

42. A. cars                B. people            C. street numbers    D. traffic lights

43.A.helps                B .chooses            C.greets             D.sees

44.A.holds up            B.hangs out            C.moves on            D.turns around

45.A.hands                B. ears                C.faces                 D. eyes

46. A. searches for         B. stores up         C.gives away         D. puts on

47. A. borrows             B. sells                 C.returns            D. buys

48. A. call                 B. send             C. lend                D. show

49. A. delayed             B. remembered         C. began             D. enjoyed

50.A.understand         B.dislike            C.study                D.excuse

51.A.sorry for            B.satisfied with        C.proud of            D.surprised by

52.A.smart                B.rich                C.special            D.happy

54.A.honor                B.pain                C.same                D.cold

55.A.small                B.useful                C.delightful            Dcomforting

第二部分阅读理解(每题2分，总分值40分》

A

Doctorareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.Iwaslucky:]becameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduatedfrommedicalschool.Ididn'trealizethen,butbecomingapilotmakesmeabettersurgeon.Ilovedflying.AsIflewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather.Ilearnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement(机组资源管理),orCRM,anewideatomakeflyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,regardlessofpositions.

IfirstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorandIwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlandingready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;IwassafetypilotHewassobusybecauseofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear(起落架)down.Hewasabetterpilot-andmyboss-soitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,“Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!”Thatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepower

ofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.

CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI'mintheoperatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey'renotwillingtospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewillkeepmefrom”landinggearup”.

56.Whatdosetheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?

A.Theylikeflyingbythemselves.

B.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.

C.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.

D.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.

57.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen_______.

A.hesavedtheplanebyspeakingup

B.hewasinchargeofaflyingtask

C.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolate

D.hisbossoperatedonapatient

58.Inthelastparagraph“landinggearup”probablymeans______.

A.followingflyingrequirements.

B.overreactingtodifferentopinions.

C.listeningtowhatfellowdoctorssay

D.makingamistakethatmaycostlives

59.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafe

B.FlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctor

C.TheMakingofaGoodPilot

D.APilot-TumedDoctor

B

    In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.

    Atthesametime,the“Fringe”appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.

    Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle-knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.

    Todaythe“Fringe”,oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesoftheatre,musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyearsearlyas1959,withonly19theatregroupsperforming,somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.

    Apaidadministratorwasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1.25millionticketsweresold.

60.PointwasthepurposeofEdinburghFestivalatthebeginning?

A.TobringEuropetogetheragain.

B.TohonorheroesofWorldWar11.

C.Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.

D.ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.

61.WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?

A.Theyownedapublichousethere.

B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.

C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.

D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.

62.Whojoinedthe“Fringe”afteritappeared?

A.theyownedapublichousethere

B.Universitystudents.

C.人rustsfromaroundtheworld.

D.Performersofmusicanddance.

63.WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival.

A.hasbecomeanon-officialevent

B.hasgonebeyondanartfestival

C.givesshowsallyearround

D.keepsgrowingrapidly

C

Giventhatmanypeople'smoods(情绪)areregulatedbythechemicalactionofchocolate,itwasprobablyonlyamatteroftimebeforesomebodymadethechocolateshopsimilartoadrugstoreofChinesemedicine.LookinglikeasettingfromthefilmCharlie&theChocolateFactory,Singapore'sChocolateResearchFacility(CRF)hasover100varietiesofchocolates.itsfounderisChrisLeewhogrewupathisparents'comerstorewithonehandalmostalwaysinthejarofsweets.

IftheCRFseemstobeasmartidea,that'sbecauseLeeisnotmerelyaseasonedsalespersonbutalsoheadofamarketingdepartmentthathasbusinessrelationswithbignamessuchasLevi'sandSony.Thatideasurelyresultsintheimaginationatworkwhenitcomestomakingdifferentflavored(味道)chocolates.

TheCRF'sproduceis“green”.madewithinthecountryanddividedinto10lines,withtheAlcoholSeriesbeingthemostpopular.TheExoticSeries一withSichuanpepper,redbean(豆).cheeseandotherflavors一alsodoeswellandisfuntotaste.Andforchocolatesnobs，whothinkthattheyhaveabetterknowledgeofchocolatethanothers,theConnoisseurSeriesusescocoabeansfromTogo,Cuba,Venezuela,andGhana,amongothers.

.Whatisgoodaboutchocolate?

A.Itservesasasuitablegift.B.Itworksasaneffectivemedicine.

C.Ithelpsimprovethestateofmind.D.Itstrengthensbusinessrelations.

65.WhyisChrisLeeabletodevelophisideaoftheCRF?

A.Heknowstheimportanceofresearch.

B.Helearnsformshopsofsimilartypes.

C.Hehasthesupportofmanybignames

D.Hehasalotofmarketingexperience.

66.WhichlineoftheCRFproducesellsbest?

A.TheConnoisseurSeries.B.TheExoticSeries.

C.TheAlcoholSeries.D.TheSichuanSeries.

67.Thewords“chocolatesnobs”inParagraph3probablyrefertopeoplewho

A.areparticularaboutchocolateB.knowlittleaboutcocoabeans

C.lookdownuponothersD.liketotrynewflavors

D

Low-CostGiftsforMother'sDay

GiftNo.I

Offertobeyourmother'shealthfriend.Promisetobethereforanyandalldoctor'svisits

whetheradiseaseoraregularmedicalcheck-up.Mostmothersalwayssay“noneed,”anothersetofeyesandearsisalwaysagoodideaatadoctor'svisit.Thebestpart?Thisoneisfree.

GiftNo.2

Helpyourmotherorganizeallofhermedicalrecords,whichincludethetestresultsandmedicalinformation.Putthemallinoneplace.Besuretomakealistofallofhermedicinesandwhattimesshetakesthem.“Havingallthisinformationinoneplacecouldendupsavingyourmother'slife,”Dr.MarieSavardsaid.

GiftNo.3

Enoughsleepisconnectedtogeneralhealthconditions.“Buyyourmothercottonsheetsandcomfortablepillowstoencouragebettersleep,”Savardsaid.“Weknowthatgoodsleepisveryimportanttoourhealth.”

GiftNo.4

SomegiftcompaniessuchasPresentsforPurposeallowyoutopayitforwardthisMother'sDaybypickinggiftsinwhich10percentofthepriceyoupaygoestoacharity(慈善机构)Giftgiverscanchoosefromawidevarietyofusefulbutinexpensivethings-manyofwhichare“green”-andthenchooseameaningfulcharityfromalist.Whenyourmothergetsthegift,shewillbetoldthatshehashelpedthechosencharity.

68.Whatareyouadvisedtodoforyourmotheratdoctor'svisits?

A.Takenotes.B.Bewithher.

C.Buymedicine.D.Givehergifts.

69.Whatcanbeagiftoforganizationforyourmother?

A.Keepinghermedicalinformationtogether.

B.Buyingallgiftsforherfromonecompany.

C.Makingalistofhermedicalcheck-ups.

D.Storinghermedicinesinasafeplace.

70.Wherecanyoufindagiftideatoimproveyourmother’ssleep?

A.InGiftNo.1.B.InGiftNo.2.

C.InGiftNo.3.D.InGiftNo.4.

71.BuyinggiftsfromPresentsforPurposeallowsmothersto

A.enjoygoodsleepB.bewell-organized

C.betextrasupportD.giveothershelp

E

Theoldestandmostcommonsource(来源)ofrenewableenergyknowntoman,biomassisoneofthemostimportantformsenergyproductionintheUnitedStatesandelsewhere.Sincesuchawidevarietyofbiomassmaterialsiseverywhere----fromtreesandgrassestoagriculturalandcity----lifewastes----biomasspromisestoplayacontinuingroleinprovidingpowerandheatformillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.

AccordingtotheUnionofConcernedScientists(UCS),biomassisakindofrenewableenergysourcethatproducesnocarbondioxide(二氧化碳),becausetheenergyitcontainscomesfromthesun.Whenplantmatterisburned,itgivesoffthesun’senergy.Inthisway,biomassservesasasortofnaturalbattery(电池)forstoringthesun’senergy.Aslongasbiomassisproducedcontinuously----withonlyasmuchgrownasisused---the“battery”lastsforever.

AccordingtotheEnergyInformationAdministration,biomasshasbeenoneoftheleadingrenewableenergysourcesintheUnitedStatesforseveralyearsrunningthrough2007,makingupbetween0.5and0.9percentofthenation’stotalelectricitysupply.In2017----althoughthenumbersaren’tallinyet----windpowerprobablytookoverfirstplacebecauseoftherapiddevelopmentofwindfarmsacrossthecountry.

Producingpowerfrombiomasshelpsreducesome11milliontonsofcarbondioxideeachyear.Somehomeownersalsotrytomaketheirownheatbyusingbiomassmaterials.Suchpracticemaysavehomeowner’smoney,butitalsoproducesalotofpollution.So,thebestwayistoencouragepowerplantstouseit.

72.Whyisbiomassconsideredas“asortofnaturalbattery”?

A.Itburnsmerelyplantmatter.B.Itkeepsproducingelectricity.

C.Itstorestheenergyfromthesun.D.Itproduceszerocarbondioxide.

73.Welearnfromthetextthatin2017______.

A.Windpowerwouldbetheleaderofrenewableenergy.

B.therewasarapidgrowthofelectricityproduction

C.biomassmightbecomethemainenergysource

D.0.5~0.9ofpowersupplycamefrombiomass

74.Whydoestheauthorencouragepowerplantstousebiomass?

A.Topreventthewasteofenergy.B.Toincreaseproductionsafety.

C.Toreducepollution.D.Tosavemoney.

75.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?

A.Aresearchplan.B.Asciencemagazine

C.Abookreview.D.Abusinessreport.

Inmyfamily,therearethreepeople.Myfatheris

第一节短文改错

hardworkingbutgoestoworkinthefieldeveryday.76._______

Heisn’tgoodattalkbuthegetsonwellwithother77._______

people.Mymotherisverymuchkindandis78._______

friendlytoeverybody.SowhenIhavetheproblem79._______

Iwillturntoherforhelp.MyfriendssayIamclever.80._______

Whentheteacherasksusverydifficultyquestions,81._______

I’llthinkquicklyandstandtoanswer.Athomemy82._______

FatheroftenthinksI’msilly.HesaidifIdecide83._______

Todosomething,ittakeshimmuchtimestostopme.84._______

ThisishowIneedtoimproveinthefuture.85._______

第二节书面表达〔总分值25分〕

假定你是李华，自制一些中国结〔Chineseknot〕。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：

1.外观〔尺寸、颜色、材料〕

2.象征意义

3.价格

注意：1.词数100左右；

     2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

     3.开头语已为你写好。