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共沸物大全,带水剂

来源：动视网责编：小OO 时间：2025-10-01 21:07:49

共沸物大全,带水剂

Azeotropesofwater,BP=100°C2ndComponentBPofcomp.BPofmixture%byweightspef.gravwithvariousalcoholsethanol78.4°C78.1°C95.50.804methanol[3].7°CNoazeotropen-propanol97.2°C87.7°C71.70.866iso-propanol82.5°C80.4°C87.90.818n-butanol117.8°C92.4°C55.5U79.9L7.

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导读Azeotropesofwater,BP=100°C2ndComponentBPofcomp.BPofmixture%byweightspef.gravwithvariousalcoholsethanol78.4°C78.1°C95.50.804methanol[3].7°CNoazeotropen-propanol97.2°C87.7°C71.70.866iso-propanol82.5°C80.4°C87.90.818n-butanol117.8°C92.4°C55.5U79.9L7.

Azeotropes of water, BP=100°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various alcohols
ethanol	78.4°C	78.1°C	95.5	0.804
methanol[3]	.7°C	No azeotrope
n-propanol	97.2°C	87.7°C	71.7	0.866
iso-propanol	82.5°C	80.4°C	87.9	0.818
n-butanol	117.8°C	92.4°C	55.5 U 79.9 L 7.7	U 0.849 L 0.990
sec-butanol	99.5°C	88.5°C	67.9	0.863
iso-butanol	108.0°C	90.0°C	70.0 U 85.0 L 8.7	U 0.839 L 0.988
tert-butanol	82.8°C	79.9°C	88.3
allyl alcohol	97.0°C	88.2°C	72.9	0.905
benzyl alcohol	205.2°C	99.9	9
furfuryl alcohol	169.4°C	98.5	20
with various organic acids
formic acid	100.8°C	107.3°C	77.5
acetic acid ‡[3][4]	118.1°C	No azeotrope
propanoic acid	141.1°C	99.98°C	17.7	1.016
butyric acid	163.5°C	99.94	18.4	1.007
iso-butyric acid	154.5°C	99.3°C	21
with mineral acids
nitric acid	86.0°C	120.5°C	68	1.405
perchloric acid	110.0°C	203°C	71.6
hydrofluoric acid	19.9°C	120°C	37
hydrochloric acid	–84°C	110°C	20.24	1.102
hydrobromic acid	–73°C	126°C	47.5	1.481
hydroiodic acid	–34°C	127°C	57
sulfuric acid	290°C	338°C	98
with various alkyl halides
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	72°C	91.8
propylene chloride	96.8°C	78°C	.4
chloroform	61.2°C	53.3°C	97.0 U 0.8 L 99.8	U 1.004 L 1.491
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	66.8°C	95.9 U 0.03 L 99.97	U 1.000 L 1.597
methylene chloride	40.0°C	38.8°C	99.6 U 2.0 99.9	U 1.009 L 1.328
with various esters
ethyl acetate	77.1°C	70.4°C	91.9 U 96.7 L 8.7	U 0.907 L 0.999
methyl acetate	57.0°C	56.1°C	95.0	0.940
ethyl nitrate	87.7°C	74.4°C	78
with various other solvents
acetone ‡[3][4]	56.5°C	No azeotrope
methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	73.5°C		0.834
pyridine	115.5°C	92.6	57	1.010
benzene	80.2°C	69.3°C	91.1 U 99.94 L 0.07	U 0.880 L 0.999
toluene	110.8°C	84.1°C	79.8 U 99.95 L 0.06	U 0.868 L 1.000
cyclohexane	80.7°C	69.8°C	91.5 U 99.99 L 0.01	U 0.780 L 1.00
diethyl ether	34.5°C	34.2°C	98.7	0.720
tetrahydrofuran[3]	66°C	65°C	95
anisole	153.9°C	95.5°C	59.5
acetonitrile	82.0°C	76.5°C	83.7	0.818
chloral	97.75°C	95.0°C	93.0
hydrazine[5]	113.5°C	120.3°C	68.5

‡ CRC 44th ed. lists azeotropes for acetic acid/water and acetone/water, Lange's 10th ed. as well as numerous web sources indicate no azeotrope for these pairs.

Azeotropes of allyl alcohol, BP=97.0°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various solvents
methyl butyrate	102.7°C	93.8°C	45
n-propyl acetate	101.6°C	94.2°C	47
benzene	80.2°C	76.8°C	82.6	0.874
toluene	110.8°C	92.4°C	50
cyclohexane	80.8°C	74°C	80
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	72.3°C	88.5	1.450
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	79.9°C	82

	Azeotropes of ethanol, BP=78.4°C 2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
	with various esters
ethyl acetate	77.1°C	71.8°C	69.2	0.863
methyl acetate	57.0°C	56.9°C	97
ethyl nitrate	87.7°C	71.9°C	56
with various hydrocarbons
benzene	80.2°C	68.2°C	67.6	0.848
cyclohexane[6]	80.7°C	.9°C	69.5
toluene	110.8°C	76.7°C	32	0.815
n-pentane	36.2°C	34.3°C	95
n-hexane	68.9°C	58.7°C	79	0.687
n-heptane	98.5°C	70.9°C	51	0.729
n-octane	125.6°C	77.0°C	22
with various alkyl halides
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	70.5°C	63
chloroform	61.1°C	59.4°C	93	1.403
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	65.1°C	84.2	1.377
allyl chloride	45.7°C	44°C	95
n-propyl chloride	46.7°C	45.0°C	93
isopropyl chloride	36.3°C	35.6°C	97.2
n-propyl bromide	71.0°C	62.8°C	79.5
isopropyl bromide	59.8°C	55.6°C	.5
n-propyl iodide	102.4°C	75.4°C	56
isopropyl iodide	.4°C	71.5°C	73
methyl iodide	42.6°C	41.2°C	96.8
methylene chloride	40.1°C	39.85°C	95.0
ethyl bromide	38.0°C	37.0°C	97.0
trichloroethylene	87°C	70.9°C	73.0	1.197
1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane	47.7°C	43.8°C	96.2	1.517
tetrachloroethylene	121.0°C	76.75	37.0
with various other solvents
methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	74.8°C	60	0.802
acetonitrile	82.0°C	72.9°C	43.0	0.788
nitromethane	101.3°C	75.95°C	26.8
tetrahydrofuran[7] P = 100 kPa	65.6°C	65.4°C	3.3

Azeotropes of methanol, BP=.7°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various esters
methyl acetate	57.0°C	53.8°C	81.3	0.908
ethyl acetate	77.1°C	62.3°C	56	0.846
ethyl formate	54.1°C	51.0°C	84
with various hydrocarbons
benzene	80.2°C	58.3°C	60.4	0.844
toluene	110.8°C	63.8°C	31	0.813
cyclohexane	80.8°C	54.2°C	62.8 U 97.0 L 39.0
n-pentane	36.2°C	30.8°C	91
n-hexane	68.9°C	50.6°C	72
n-heptane	98.5°C	59.1°C	48.5
n-octane	125.8°C	63.0°C	72.0
with various alkyl halides
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	61.0°C	68
chloroform	61.1°C	53.5°C	87.4	1.342
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	55.7°C	79.4	1.322
ethyl bromide	38.4°C	35.0°C	95.5
n-propyl chloride	46.6°C	40.5°C	90.5
isopropyl chloride	36.4°C	33.4°C	94
n-propyl bromide	71.0°C	54.5°C	79
isopropyl bromide	59.8°C	48.6°C	85.0
isopropyl iodide	.4°C	61.0°C	62
tetrachloroethylene[7]	121.1°C	63.5°C	40.6
with various other solvents
nitromethane	101.2°C	.6°C	9
acetone	56.5°C	55.7°C	87.9	0.796
acetonitrile	82.0°C	63.45°C	19.0
carbon disulfide	46.2°C	37.7°C	86.0 U 50.8 L 97.2	U 0.979 L 1.261
tetrahydrofuran[8] P = 984 mBar	65.6°C	60.7°C	69.0

Azeotropes of n-propanol, BP=97.2°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various solvents
methyl butyrate	102.7°C	94.4°C	51
n-propyl formate	80.8°C	80.65°C	97
n-propyl acetate	101.6°C	94.7°C	49	0.833
benzene	80.2°C	77.1°C	83.1
toluene	110.8°C	92.4°C	47.5	0.836
n-hexane	68.9°C	65.7°C	96
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	73.1°C	88.5	1.437
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	80.7°C	81
n-propyl bromide	71.0°C	69.7°C	91

Azeotropes of acetic acid, BP=118.5°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various solvents
benzene	80.2°C	80.05°C	98	0.882
toluene	110.8°C	105.0°C	72	0.905
m-xylene	139.0°C	115.4°C	27.5	0.908
n-heptane	98.5°C	92.3°C	70
n-octane	125.8°C	109.0°C	50
isopropyl iodide	.2°C	88.3°C	91
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	76.6°C	97
tetrachloroethylene	121.0°C	107.4°C	61.5
ethylene bromide	131.7°C	114.4°C	45
1,1-dibromoethane	109.5°C	103.7°C	75.0
methylene bromide	98.2°C	94.8°C	84.0
pyridine	115.3°C	139.7°C	65.0	1.024

	Azeotropes of isopropanol, BP=82.5°C 2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various esters
ethyl acetate	77.1°C	75.3°C	75	0.869
isopropyl acetate	91.0°C	81.3°C	40	0.822
with various hydrocarbons
benzene	80.2°C	71.9°C	66.7	0.838
toluene ‡[6]	110.8°C	80.6°C	42
cyclohexane	81.0°C	68.6°C	67.0	0.777
n-pentane	36.2°C	35.5°C	94
n-hexane	68.9°C	62.7°C	77
n-heptane	98.5°C	76.3°C	46
with various alkyl halides
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	69.0°C	82	1.344
chloroform	61.1°C	60.8°C	95.8
ethylene chloride	83.7°C	74.7°C	56.5
ethyl iodide	83.7°C	67.1°C	85
n-propyl chloride	46.7°C	46.4°C	97.2
n-propyl bromide	71.0°C	66.8°C	79.5
isopropyl bromide	59.8°C	57.8°C	88
n-propyl iodide	102.4°C	79.8°C	58
isopropyl iodide	.4°C	76.0°C	68
tetrachloroethylene[6]	121.1°C	81.7°C	19.0
with various other solvents
methyl ethyl ketone	79.0°C	77.5°C	68	0.800
diisopropyl ether	69°C	66.2°C	85.9
nitromethane	101.0°C	79.3°C	70

‡ CRC and Lange's disagree on this azeotrope, but web source corroborates CRC

Azeotropes of formic acid, BP=100.8°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various hydrocarbons
benzene	80.2°C	71.7°C	69
toluene	110.8°C	85.8°C	50
m-xylene	139.0°C	94.2°C	29.8
n-pentane	36.2°C	34.2°C	90
n-hexane	68.9°C	60.6°C	72
n-heptane	98.5°C	78.2°C	56.5
n-octane	125.8°C	90.5°C	37
with various alkyl halides
chloroform	61.2°C	59.2°C	85
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	66.7°C	81.5
methyl iodide	42.6°C	42.1°C	94
ethyl bromide	38.4°C	38.2°C	97
ethylene chloride	83.6°C	77.4°C	86
ethylene bromide	131.7°C	94.7°C	48.5
n-propyl chloride	46.7°C	45.6°C	92
isopropyl chloride	34.8°C	34.7°C	98.5
n-propyl bromide	71.0°C	.7°C	73
isopropyl bromide	59.4°C	56.0°C	86
with various other solvents
carbon disulfide	46.3°C	42.6°C	83

Azeotropes of benzene, BP=80.1°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
cyclohexane	81.4°C	77.8°C	45.0	0.834
ethyl nitrate	88.7°C	80.03°C	12.0
methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	78.4°C	37.5	0.853
nitromethane	101.0°C	79.15°C	14.0
acetonitrile	82.0°C	73.0°C	34.0

Azeotropes of ethylene glycol, BP=197.4°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
with various solvents
ethyl benzoate	212.6°C	186.1°C	53.5
diphenyl	254.9°C	192.0°C	36
mesitylene	1.6°C	156.0°C	87
naphthalene	218.1°C	183.9°C	49
toluene	110.8°C	110.2°C	93.5
m-xylene	139.0°C	135.6°C	85
o-xylene	144.4°C	139.6°C	84.0
ethylene bromide	131.7°C	129.8°C	96
nitrobenzene	210.9°C	185.9°C	41
chlorobenzene	132.0°C	130.1°C	5.6
benzyl chloride	179.3°C	167.0°C	70
benzyl alcohol	205.1°C	193.1°C	44
anisole	153.9°C	150.5°C	.5
acetophenone	202.1°C	185.7°C	48
aniline	184.4°C	180.6°C	76
o-cresol	191.1°C	1.6°C	73

Azeotropes of glycerol, BP=291.0°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
diphenyl	254.9°C	243.8°C	45
naphthalene	218.1°C	215.2°C	90

Azeotropes of acetone, BP=56.5°C

2nd Component	BP of comp.	BP of mixture	% by weight	spef. grav
carbon disulfide	46.3°C	39.3°C	67.0	1.04
chloroform	61.2°C	.7°C	80.0	1.268
cyclohexane	81.4°C	53.0°C	33.0
n-hexane	68.8°C	49.8°C	41
ethyl iodide	56.5°C	55.0°C	40.0
carbon tetrachloride[6]	76.8°C	56.2°C	11.9

Miscellaneous azeotrope pairs

component 1	BP comp. 1	component 2	BP comp. 2	BP azeo.	% wt comp. 1	% wt comp. 2	spec. grav.
acetaldehyde	21.0°C	diethyl ether	34.6°C	20.5°C	76.0	24.0	0.762
acetaldehyde	21.0°C	n-butane[6]	–0.5°C	–7.0°C	16.0	84.0
acetamide	222.0°C	benzaldehyde	179.5°C	178.6°C	6.5	93.5
		nitrobenzene	210.9°C	202.0°C	24.0	76.0
		o-xylene	144.1°C	142.6°C	11.0	.0
acetonitrile	82.0°C	ethyl acetate	77.15°C	74.8°C	23.0	77.0
acetonitrile	82.0°C	toluene[7]	110.6°C	81.1°C	25.0	75.0
acetylene	–86.6°C	ethane	–88.3°C	–94.5°C	40.7	59.3
aniline	184.4°C	o-cresol	191.5°C	191.3°C	8.0	92.0
carbon disulfide	46.2°C	diethyl ether	34.6°C	34.4°C	1.0	99.0	0.719
		1,1-dichloroethane	57.2°C	46.0°C	94.0	6.0
		methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	45.9°C	84.7	15.3	1.157
chloroform	61.2°C	methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	79.9°C	17.0	83.0	0.877
carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	methyl ethyl ketone	79.9°C	73.8°C	71.0	29.0	1.247
		ethylene dichloride	84.0°C	75.3°C	78.0	22.0	1.500
		ethyl acetate	77.1°C	74.8°C	57.0	43.0	1.202
chloroform	61.2°C	n-hexane	68.7°C	60.0°C	72.0	28.0	1.101
cyclohexane	81.4°C	ethyl acetate	77.15°C	72.8°C	46.0	54.0
cyclohexane	81.4°C	ethyl nitrate	88.7°C	74.5°C	.0	36.0
diethyl ether	34.6°C	methyl formate	31.50°C	28.2°C	44.0	56.0
nitromethane	101.0°C	toluene	110.8°C	96.5°C	55.0	45.0
diethyl ether[3]	34.6°C	methylene chloride	40°C	40.8 °C	30	70
tetrahydrofuran[8]	65.6°C	chloroform	61.2°C	72.5°C	34.5	65.5
tetrahydrofuran[8]	65.6°C	n-hexane	69°C	63.0°C	46.5	53.5
toluene	110.63°C	pyridine	115.3°C	110.2°C	78.0	22.0

Ternary azeotropes

Tables of various ternary azeotropes (that is azeotropes consisting of three components). Fraction percentages are given by weight.

Data source color code
CRC & Lange's	CRC only	Lange's only	other (see references)

Ternary azeotropes of water, BP=100°C

2nd component	BP 2nd comp.	3rd component	BP 3rd comp.	BP azeo.	% wt 1st	% wt 2nd	% wt 3rd	spec. grav
ethanol	78.4°C	ethyl acetate	77.1°C	70.3°C	7.8	9.0	83.2	0.901
		cyclohexane	80.8°C	62.1°C	7	17	76
		benzene	80.2°C	.9°C	7.4 U 1.3 L 43.1	18.5 U 12.7 L 52.1	74.1 U 86.0 L 4.8	U 0.866 L 0.2
		chloroform	61.2°C	55.5°C	3.5 U 80.8 L 0.5	4.0 U 18.2 L 3.7	92.5 U 1.0 L 95.8	U 0.976 L 1.441
		carbon tetrachloride	86.8°C	61.8°C	4.3	9.7	86.0
		carbon tetrachloride	86.8°C	61.8°C	3.4 U 44.5 L <0.1	10.3 U 48.5 L 5.2	86.3 U 7.0 L 94.8	U 0.935 L 1.519
		ethylene chloride	83.7°C	66.7°C	5	17	78
		acetonitrile	82.0°C	72.9°C	1.0	55.0	44.0
		toluene	110.6°C	74.4°C	12.0 U 3.1 L 20.7	37.0 U 15.6 L 54.8	51.0 U 81.3 L 24.5	U 0.849 L 0.855
		methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	73.2°C	11.0	14.0	75.0	0.832
		n-hexane	69.0°C	56.0°C	3.0 U 0.5 L 19.0	12.0 U 3.0 L 75.0	85.0 U 96.5 L 6.0	U 0.672 L 0.833
		n-heptane	98.4°C	68.8°C	6.1 U 0.2 L 15.0	33.0 U 5.0 L 75.9	60.9 U 94.8 L 9.1	U 0.686 L 0.801
		carbon disulfide	46.2°C	41.3°C	1.6	5.0	93.4
n-propanol	97.2°C	cyclohexane	80.8°C	66.6°C	8.5	10.0	81.5
		benzene	80.2°C	68.5°C	8.6	9.0	82.4
		carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	65.4°C	5 U 84.9 L 1.0	11 U 15.0 L 11.0	84 U 0.1 L 88.0	U 0.979 L 1.436
		diethyl ketone	102.2°C	81.2°C	20	20	60
		n-propyl acetate	101.6°C	82.2°C	21.0	19.5	59.5
isopropanol	82.5°C	cyclohexane	80.8°C	.3°C	7.5	18.5	74.0
		cyclohexane	80.8°C	66.1°C	7.5	21.5	71.0
		benzene	80.2°C	66.5°C	7.5	18.7	73.8
		benzene	80.2°C	65.7°C	8.2 U 2.3 L 85.1	19.8 U 20.2 L 14.4	72.0 U 77.5 L 0.5	U 0.855 L 0.966
		methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	73.4°C	11.0	1.0	88.0	0.834
		toluene	110.6°C	76.3°C	13.1 U 8.5 L 61.0	38.2 U 38.2 L 38.0	48.7 U 53.3 L 1.0	U 0.845 L 0.930
allyl alcohol	97.0°C	n-hexane	69.0°C	59.7°C	5 U 0.5 L .4	5 U 3.6 L 34.8	90 U 95.9 L 0.8	U 0.668 L 0.9
		benzene	80.2°C	68.2°C	8.6 U 0.6 L 80.9	9.2 U 8.7 L 17.7	82.2 U 90.7 L 0.4	U 0.877 L 0.985
		cyclohexane	80.8°C	66.2°C	8	11	81
		carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	65.2°C	5 U 71.7 L 0.8	11 U 25.6 L 10.1	84 U 2.7 L .1	U 0.777 L 1.4
benzene	80.1°C	acetonitrile	82.0°C	66.0°C	8.2	68.5	23.3
benzene	80.1°C	methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	68.2°C	8.8 U 0.6 L 94.7	65.1 U 71.3 L 0.1	26.1 U 28.1 L 5.2	U 0.858 L 0.992
methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	carbon tetrachloride	76.8°C	65.7°C	3.0 U 94.4 L 0.1	22.2 U 5.5 L 22.6	74.8 U 0.1 L 77.3	U 0.993 L 1.313
methyl ethyl ketone	79.6°C	cyclohexane	81.0°C	63.6°C	5.0 U 0.6 L .9	60.0 U 37.0 L 10.0	35.0 U 62.4 L 0.1	U 0.769 L 0.98
chloroform	61.2°C	methanol	.65°C	52.6°C	4.0 U 27.0 L 3.0	81.0 U 32.0 83.0	15.0 U 41.0 L 14.0	U 1.022 L 1.399
chloroform	61.2°C	acetone‡	56.5°C	60.4°C	4.0	57.6	38.4

‡Saddle azeotrope

Ternary azeotropes of methanol, BP=.65°C

2nd component	BP 2nd comp.	3rd component	BP 3rd comp.	BP azeo.	% wt 1st	% wt 2nd	% wt 3rd	spec. grav
acetone	56.5°C	chloroform‡	61.2°C	57.5°C	23.0	30.0	47.0
		methyl acetate	57.0°C	53.7°C	17.4	5.8	76.8	0.8
		cyclohexane	81.4°C	51.5°C	16.0	43.5	40.5
methyl acetate	57.1°C	carbon disulfide	46.2°C	37.0°C
		cyclohexane	81.4°C	50.8°C	17.8	48.6	33.6
		n-hexane	69.0°C	45.0°C	14.0	27.0	59.0	0.73

‡Saddle azeotrope

共沸物大全,带水剂

Azeotropesofwater,BP=100°C2ndComponentBPofcomp.BPofmixture%byweightspef.gravwithvariousalcoholsethanol78.4°C78.1°C95.50.804methanol[3].7°CNoazeotropen-propanol97.2°C87.7°C71.70.866iso-propanol82.5°C80.4°C87.90.818n-butanol117.8°C92.4°C55.5U79.9L7.

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