
It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. 分析和诠释历史并不是小说家的工作。Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner ,storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readers to consider them seriously. 然而通过用一种生动有趣的方 式来描写过去,小说家 可以重现早期时代,并引起读者的重视。 Among those taking on the task of recounting history are some black writers who attempt to examine slavery from different points of view.在叙述历史的作家中,有 一些黑人作家试图从不同的角度审视奴隶制。
Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison deals specifically with the legacy of slavery in her book Beloved . 诺贝尔奖获得者托妮?莫里森在她的作品 《宠儿》 中专门阐述 了奴隶制问题。 The main character in this novel,a former slave called Sethe, lives in Ohio in the years following the Civil War,but she cannot free herself from her horrific memories. 小说的主人公叫塞丝,她以前是个奴隶,内战之后住 在俄亥俄, 但是她无法让自己从可怕的记忆中解脱出来。 Through a series of flashbacks and bitter reminiscences,the reader learns how and why Sethe escaped from the plantation she had lived on; the fate of her husband,who also tried to escape; and finally,what happened to the child called Beloved. 通过一系列的倒序和痛苦的回忆, 读者了解到赛丝为什 么以及怎样逃出她赖以生存的种植园,她 那同样试图逃出来的 丈夫的命运,以及最后发生在叫做宠儿的孩子身上的事情。 Morrison's scenes of torture and murder are vivid and strongly convey the desperation of the slaves and the cruelty of their owners.莫里森对奴隶 受 折磨和遭谋杀的场景描写得很生动,充分地表达出奴隶们的 绝望以及奴隶主的残酷。
Charles Johnson's Middle Passage approaches slavery from a different, no less violent, yet vantage point. 查 尔斯?约翰逊的小说《中途》从另一个不同的角度来描写奴隶制, 但同样充满着暴力。His main character,Rutherford Calhoun, is a ne'er-do-well free black American who stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its "cargo". 他 的主人公叫做卢瑟福?卡尔霍恩,是一个游手好闲、身份自由的 美国黑人。他偷偷登上了一艘开 往非洲贩卖奴隶的船只。Put to work after he is discovered,Calhoun witnesses firsthand the appalling conditions in which the captured Africans are transported .被发现后, 他开始为
之工作,并亲眼目睹了非洲人被抓起来,然后被运 送到美国这 种可怕的状况。When they finally rebel and take over the ship,he finds himself in the middle -- and is forced to come to terms with who he is and what his values are.当非洲人最终抵抗并 占有了船只后,他发现了自己的中间性——并且 被迫与他自己 的身份和价值观念妥协。
Neither Beloved nor Middle Passage is an easy read, but both exemplify African American writers' attempts to bring significant historical situations alive for a modern audience. 不论是《宠儿》还是《中途》读起来都不轻松,但是它们都是非 裔美国作家努力为现代观众 重现重要历史的典范之作。
词汇:
interpret / v. 解释,翻译
desperation / n. 绝 望的境地
recount / v. 叙述
capture / v. 俘获
slavery / n. 奴隶制度
注释:
1. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner,
storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readers to consider them seriously. 然而通过用一种生动有趣的方式来描 写过去,小说家可以将早期时代重现,并引起读者的重视。
2. His main character. Rutherford Calhoun. is a ne'er-do-well free black American who stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its "cargo" .他的主人公叫做 Rutherford Calhoun, 是一个游 手好闲,身份自由的美国黑人。他偷偷登上了一艘开往非洲贩卖 奴隶的船只。
练习:
1. This passage is mostly 大部分 about__________. A) the causes of slavery in America B) black writers in the late 20th century C) why Morrison and Johnson wrote the books they did D) two novels that deal with slavery
1. D 本题问的是:这篇文章主要讲什么? A 的意思是美国奴隶制 的原因。B 的意思是 20 世纪的黑人作家。C 的意思是莫里森和 约翰逊写书的原因。D 的意思是关于奴隶制的两本小说。本文主 要介绍了莫里森和约翰逊各自关于奴隶制的小说的主要内容, 因 此 D 是正确的答案。
2. Beloved is set__________. A) on a slave ship
B) on a plantation before the Civil War C) in Ohio after the Civil War D) in an African town
2. C 本题问的是:“宠儿”的设置背景是什么?根据第二段的第二 句 话 :a fornier slave called Sethe ,lives in Ohio in the years following the Civil War 可知其背景是在内战之后的俄亥俄州。因 此 C 是正确的答案。
3. The writer seems to feel that__________. A) eveyone should read Morrison's and Johnson's novels B) the books are worthwhile 值得 but challenging 有挑战性的 C) black writers should ignore 忽视 racial 种族 issues 流出 D) we will repeat 复述 the past if we don’t learn about it
3. B 本题问的是:作者的感觉是什么?A 的意思是每个人都应该 读莫里森和约翰逊的小说。 的意思是这些作品非常值得写但又 B 很有挑战性。C 的意思是黑人作家应当忽略种族问题。D 的意思 是如果我们没有学习过去,那么这些过去会重现。A,C,D 原 文没有体现,因此 B 是正确的答案。
4. The writer emphasizes 强调 that the two books are similar 类似 in their__________. A) use of flashbacks 倒叙闪回 B) treatment of women C) criticism of whites
D) portrayal 描写 of violence
4.D 本题问的是:作者强调两部作品的共同之处是什么?根据第 三段的第一句话:yet no less violent 可知两部作品都有对暴力的描 写。因此 D 是正确的答案。
5. The word appalling means__________. A) terrible B) surprising C) guilty 内疚的 D) unrealistic 不切实际的
答案与题解:
5. A 本题问的是:appalling 的意思是什么?根据第三段对运送非 洲人去美国的描述可知,此状况必然是不好的,糟糕的。A 的意 思是糟糕的。B 的意思是令人惊讶的。C 的意思是有罪的。D 的 意思是不现实的。因此根据文意,A 是正确的答案。
