
本题满分10分,给出一篇约100个单词的短文,文中有10处错误,要求考生对每个句子进行判断,如有错误即将其改正。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。
重视掌握基本的词汇和语法知识; 规范使用常用的词语和习语.
广泛阅读,增强语感,提高语言知识运用的准确性 .
做题时以句子为单位,从语篇角度把握内容,查找行文逻辑错误。
错误的设置一般都是中学生写作时常出现的错误 。改错训练和书面表达训练结合。
做题方法指导:
代词格,细领悟
句子成分多分析
冠词连词常光顾
| 逻辑错误须关注 | 动词形,名词数 还要注意形和副 非谓语,细辨别 介词短语要牢记 |
短文改错典型错词类型分析归纳:
一、错误主要集中在动词的时态、语态,主谓一致等方面。
1. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.
2. You can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other books, but you are not permit to take them out.
3.I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good
4.Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively.
解决方案
(1) 通读全文,搞清文中动词时态的主旋律 .
(2) 结合语境,灵活运用时态形式 .
| (3) 认真推敲,准确把握主动与被动 . |
名词爱考数与格
1.Your knowledges of English can help the whole class.
2.The library has all kinds of book. I’m sure you will find one you like.
3.I was playing at my cousin house.
4.... the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks.
5.I was playing at my cousin house.
6. ... the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks.
三、还要注意形和副
1. 修饰名词,作宾补及连系动词后用形容词;
2. 修饰动词,形容词,副词及整个句子时用副词;
3. 比较级和最高级的使用。
1.We can hear birds singing happy all around.
2.I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself.
3.Still, your happiness makes him happily too.
4.I’m pleasing to hear it ,”said his boss,” but where were you yesterday?”
四、非谓语,细辨别
主要错误为三种:非谓语的混淆;不定式to的遗漏或多用;非谓语与谓语动词的混淆。
1.Li Ming came see me every day.
2.I noticed Mother looking at the nearby table occupy by an elderly woman ...
3.3.I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favorite actors.
解决方案
(1) 纵观全文或全句,明确句中动词所作的句子成分.
(2) 系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.
| (3) 前后联系,整体把握 . |
介词多半考搭配,多、漏、误用想周到
lose my heart such many people
in hurry in a short
in Sunday afternoon
1.Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed.
2.I have been told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit it.
3. It is so a beautiful place!
4.I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy.
5. There was one on particular I’d always wanted.
解决方案
(1) 平时的学习中注意积累语言知识,特别是一些固定搭配的记忆 .
(2) 强化语法训练,分清连词,副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能 .
| (3) 语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来 . |
代词方面的错误主要体现在:
人称代词的性别,单复数及代词格的误用;
物主代词,反身代词以及不定代词的误用;
“it” 一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语);
Whose 和who’s,its和 it’s的混淆.
1.With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I′ve soon got used to living without my parents .
2.Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful meals.
解决方案
(1) 顺藤摸瓜,理清短文中代词的指代关系,注意联系上下文。
(2) 系统掌握it的各种用法 .
| (3) 准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。 |
句法涉及到一致, 从句多考引导词(误用,多用或遗漏 )
1.I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didn’t take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities.
2.She looked at me and started to laugh. “How are you laughing?”I asked.
3.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.
4.Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times.
解决方案
(1)不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;
(2)不同的语境要选择不同的词语。
(3)只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。
八、冠词、连词常光顾
冠词在前 “错” “多” “少”。
常考的错误形式有:冠词the, a, an 的误用,多用或少用。
1.I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things I’m doing at the school…
2.He was right there in the front of me.
九、连词常考 but,and,or, so 等的逻辑错误,以及搭配错误。
1. She always made sure that our homework was finished on time, but she marked strictly on our actual performance.
2.His boss wanted to fire him if he didn’t start coming on time, but he went to the doctor for a help.
3.It's been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.
十、逻辑错误须关注
词法句法均未错, 逻辑推理来寻找。主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾,代词在人称上的不一致等。
1. That night,we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted meals.
2.I didn’t have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get …
3. Unfortunately, by the time I got back, they had finished the scene and the actor couldn’t be seen everywhere.
真题体验
(一)
(2015·全国Ⅰ)
When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so,we’ll live to regret it.
(二)
(2015·全国Ⅱ)
One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later,Tony saw parents.Mom said,“How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
(三)
(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
Nearly five years before,and with the help by our father,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden.Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
(四)
(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)
My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m.and ends at 3:30 p.m.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didn’t need to do so many homework.Therefore,we have more time with afterschool activities.For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
(五)
(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.I was only four when she passes away.She is just a distant memory for me now.
I remember my grandfather very much.He was tall,with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice,which set himself apart from others in our small town,he was strong and powerful.In a fact,he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However,he was the gentlest man I have never known.
(六)
(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ)
The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.It is said to have started in the early 1800’s.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.This custom soon becomes another meal of day.Interesting,it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.When tea got popular in Britain,there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.
