Language points
1.light at the end of the tunnel: success, happiness, etc after a long period of difficulty or hardship历尽艰辛后的成功、幸福;苦尽甘来// tunnel n. underground passage地下通道: Moles dug tunnels under the lawn.鼹鼠在草地下打洞。// tunnel vision: inability to grasp wider implications井蛙之见
2.the Channel Tunnel英法海底隧道
3.lobby n. entrance-hall, anti-room 门厅,大厅: the lobby of a hotel, theater
4.stiff a. not easily bent, folded, moved, changed in shape坚硬的,僵直的: a sheet of stiff cardboard 一块硬纸板// a stiff drawer很紧的抽屉// have a stiff neck: painful and difficult to move // stiff-necked: obstinate and proud, persistent 顽固而傲慢的// stiffen vt. vi. (cause sth to) become stiff or stiffer使坚硬,僵硬: My back has stiffened (up) overnight. // He stiffened with terror at the horrific sight.吓呆了。
5.civil servant = public servant: people who work in government departments 公务员,文职人员 // civil government文官 // the civil service 文职部门,行政部门
6.complexion C. natural color and appearance of the skin of the face面色,脸色: a good/dark complexion面色好/黑 // a fair complexion 面色白
7.ruby n. red jewel 红宝石; a. deep red 深红色的: ruby lips
8.port U. strong sweet (usu. dark-red) wine made in Portugal 葡萄牙产波尔图葡萄酒
9.forebode vt. (formal) be a sign of warning of trouble预示(坏事): These black clouds forebode storm. /forebode disaster // foreboding (that)… U.C. feeling that trouble is coming (不好的)预感: // bode vt. vi. (fml) be a sign预示: This bodes us no good.// bode well/ill for: be of good/bad promise for预示吉/凶: His idle habits bode ill for his future: suggests that his future career will be a failure. // foretell: tell beforehand, predict // forecast: say in advance what is likely to happen / forewarn / foresee / foresight U. 先见,远见/ forerunner n. sign of what is to follow先驱者,先兆: Swallows are forerunners of spring. / forefather: ancestors祖先
10.sauce n. relish, flavoring 沙司,调味品,酱: Tomato sauce (ketchup) goes with spaghetti.番茄酱伴意大利面条。/ white sauce: 奶油沙司,白酱汁/ What sauces go best with fish?// the sauce n. alcoholic drink 烈性酒// saucer n. 茶托,茶杯碟// flying saucer: UFO // source: starting point of a river
11.shudder vi. C. shiver, shake violently, tremble with fear or disgust发抖,战栗: shudder with cold/horror// shudder at the sight of blood// A shudder of fear ran through/passed over her. // It gives me the shudders: terrifies me.
12.gull, seagull n. 海鸥
13.eyebrow n. 眉毛: raise one’s eyebrows: to show disdain(轻蔑) or surprise // eyebrow pencil 眉笔 // eyelash n. 睫毛: wear false eyelashes
14.beet n. 甜菜
15.terminal a. of the last stage of a fatal disease (病)晚期的; of, taking place each term每学期的; of, forming the point or place at the end of末端的,终点的; n. end of a railway line or bus line终点站: terminal cancer: not curable, ending in death晚期癌症// terminal examinations/accounts (按期结帐): final // terminate vt. (fml) come or bring to an end结束,使终止: The meeting terminated in disorder./ terminate sb’s contract/ terminate a pregnancy, ie by means of an abortion坠胎// terminator n. 终结者
16.sink-sank-sunk n. fixed basin for washing dishes, cleaning vegetables…洗涤槽; vt. vi. go down below the horizon or the surface of water下沉,沉没; become lower变低, fall slowly downwards慢慢倒下: Wood doesn’t sink in water; it floats./ I sank (down) into an armchair. 坐在单人沙发上。/ The soldier sank to the ground badly wounded. // Let this warning sink into your mind. // sink one’s voice to a whisper=one’s voice sink to a whisper
17.explosion n. (语音) = plosion, plosive 爆破音// a population explosion人口爆炸
18.purse vt. purse up one’s lips 噘嘴反对、不悦: with pursed lips 噘着嘴
19.decent a. proper, acceptable适当的,可接受的; not likely to shock or embarrassment others, modest体面的,得体的; satisfactory, quite good令人满意的,相当好的: We must provide decent housing for the poor. / That dress isn’t decent. / Are you decent? ie Are you properly/decently dressed? 穿戴得体吗?// earn a decent wage/living// That was quite a decent lunch. / They’re a decent firm to work for. // decency U. 正派,高雅,体面: an offence against decency有伤风化之举// the decencies 礼仪: observe the decencies遵照礼仪
20.grace U. quality of simple elegant beauty优美; God’s mercy and favor towards mankind上帝的恩宠: By the grace of God their lives were spared. 蒙上帝恩宠,他们免于一死。// but for the grace of God若非天恩眷顾// graceful a. 优雅的,优美的: a graceful dancer/leap // graceless a. 不优美、不文雅的: graceless behavior/ remark
21.feat n. successful completion of sth needing skill, strength or courage技艺,功绩,伟业: brilliant feats of engineering工程上的伟绩
22.hitch vt. fasten or be fastened on to a hook, with a loop of rope勾住,套住; hitch sth up: pull up with a quick movement快速拉起; get free rides in other people’s cars as a way of traveling搭便车: hitch up one’s trousers// hitch a horse to a fence // hitch a rope around a branch把绳子系在树枝上 //hitch a ride/lift 搭便车: hitch a ride to London on a lorry(卡车) / Can I hitch a lift with you as far as the station? // hitchhike vi. travel by obtaining free rides 搭便车旅行: hitchhike through France to Spain // hike n. vi.: a long walk in the country for pleasure or excursion远足,徒步旅行: go on a ten-mile hike
23.schedule 1) U. C. program or timetable for work进度表,时刻表; a list of items清单: have a full schedule: have many things to do // on schedule: on time按期 // behind schedule 未按期// ahead of schedule 提前 // The meeting is held according to schedule: as planned.// The attached schedule gives details of the shipment. // 2) vt. (esp. passive) include/arrange sth in a schedule列入进度表,安排时间: The president is scheduled to make a speech tomorrow.// a scheduled flight定期航班
24.inaugurate vt. inaugurate sb as sth: 为…举行就职典礼; mark the beginning of or open sth with a special ceremony 为…举行落成、开幕仪式: He will be inaugurated as president in January. 一月就任总裁。// inaugurate a conference / The city library was inaugurated by the mayor. 主持了…落成仪式。// inauguration C.U. 就职、落成典礼: the President’s inauguration总统就职典礼/ the President’s inauguration speech总统就职演说
25.scheme 1) C. plan or design (for work or activity)计划,方案; arrangement组合,配合; secret or dishonest plan阴谋,诡计: a scheme for holding a party // a scheme(进度表)for the term’s work: syllabus(教学大纲)// a scheme to defraud(骗取) a widow of her money: cheat/trick/deceive her out of her money 2) vt.vi. make a (esp. dishonest) plan策划,图谋: He schemed to keep his rivals ignorance of his plan.// They schemed for the overthrow of the government: plot, conspire(密谋) 密谋
26.rift n. split, crack, break裂缝,裂口,破裂处; serious disagreement between friends, members of a group不和,裂痕: a rift in the clouds/ a growing rift between the friends // rift valley 地堑,裂谷
27.divide n. line of high land separating two river systems分水岭
28.parallel a. 平行的(to/with); n. parallel lines平行线: The road runs parallel with the railway. = The road and the railway are parallel to each other. // parallel bars 双杠
29.through adv. all the way into or out of a place一直进入/离开; adj. direct直达的: The train goes (straight) through to Paris: a through train to Paris//two through trains a day每天2次直达列车// through traffic联运// through service: through a place without changing trains // through tickets/passengers/fares 全程的// No through road, ie The road is closed at one end. 此路不通。
30.psyche n. human soul or mind灵魂,心灵: Is aggression(损人利己) an essential part of the human psyche?
31.psycho-: of the mind精神的,心灵的,心理的: psychology n. science or study of the mind and how it functions心理学 // psychological a. 心理学的// psychologist n. 心理学家// psychotherapy n. 心理疗法 // physical a. 物质的,生理的// physiology n. 生理学// psychoanalysis n. 精神分析(疗法)
32.moat n. deep wide ditch filled with water round a castle as a defense壕沟,护城河
33.breach vt. make a gap (in a defensive wall, etc.)打开缺口; n. breaking or neglect (of a law, an agreement, a duty, etc.)违反,违犯; break in usu. friendly relations between people or groups中断(友好关系); opening, eg. one made in a wall by attacking forces or the sea缺口: Our tanks have breached the enemy defenses: breakthrough突破 // sue(控告) sb of /charge sb. with breach of contract: make a legal claim against…起诉…违反合同// a breach of confidence, ie giving away a secret 泄密// a breach of trust背信 // a breach of diplomatic relations between two countries// The huge wave made a breach in the sea wall: opening 大浪在堤上冲出一个缺口。// a breach of promise (to marry sb):悔婚// breach of the peace: crime of causing a public disturbance, eg by fighting in the street扰乱治安罪
34.pack C. bag包,包裹; packet小纸盒,小纸包; groups of animals一群(野兽) vt. put sth into a container把…装入(箱,盒): The tramp carried his belongings ina pack on his back. // a six-pack beer半打装啤酒// a pack of cigarettes(一包香烟)/wolves/hounds (dogs in hunting)(一群猎狗)// a pack of thieves(一伙小偷)/lies(一派谎言)// Wolves hunt in packs.成群猎食 // pack A into B = pack B with A: pack clothes into a trunk/suitcase // Have you packed (your suitcase) yet?装好(衣箱)了吗?/ Don’t forget to pack your toothbrush! / All these books need to be packed (into boxes). // He takes a packed lunch to work every day: ie sandwiches, etc to be packed into a box// pack one’s bags: (prepare to) leave准备离开: He was told to pack his bags: be dismissed, fired // All six of us packed into a taxi: crowd or press into a limited space. // package n. object wrapped in paper or packed in a box, parcel包裹: The postman brought me a large package. // a package deal 一揽子交易
35.head vt. be at the front or top of sth在前部、顶部; be in charge or lead sth主管、领导; vi. head (for): move towards, in the specified direction(朝…)行进: His name headed the list: No.1. // Where are you heading/headed? /head south: go to the south/ Is the world heading for disaster? //
36.concrete a. 具体的,实体的; U. 混凝土: modern buildings made of concrete // a concrete road, wall 混凝土路、墙
37.await vt. (fml) = wait for: awaiting instructions/results/ a reply// A surprise awaited us on our arrival.
38.install vt. install sth (in sth): fix equipment, furniture in position for use安装,设置: install a heating or lighting system in a building/ I’m having a shower installed.安装淋浴设备// installation n. 安装,设置: carry out installations / Installations require several days. // installation costs/charges 安装费 // installment C. story that is presented over a period of time分期连载(小说); payment that is spread over a period of time分期付款: a story that will appear in installments / Don’t miss the next installment!下期续载,切勿错过!// pay for a house by monthly installments按月分期付款买房/ keep up the installments on the house为买房按时分期付款
39.transport vt. n. take sth from … to…运输; send a criminal to a distant place as a punishment流放: transport goods by air/lorry (truck)// be transported to Australia for life终生流放 n. BrE.=(US) transportation: transportation charges = transportation costs运费 // transported a. 情不自禁的: be transported with joy/anger/fear // trans- across, beyond横穿,通过,超越; into another state or place进入另一处、状态: transatlantic 横渡大西洋的// transact vt. 处理,办理 // transcend vt.超出,超越 / transcript n. 抄本/ transfer vt. 转移,调动 / transference n. 转移,调动 / transform vt. 改变,变形 / transformer n. 变压器 / transformation n. 改变,变形 / transplant vt. 移植 / transsexual n. 变性人 / transfusion n. 输血 / transgress vt. 违反,违背 / transient a. 短暂的,片刻的 / transition n. 过渡 / transitional a. 过渡的 / translate vt. / transmit vt. 传输,传播,传达 ,传染 / transmission U. 传输,传播,传达 ,传染 / transmitter n. 发射机
40.screech v. screech out at sb: give/make a harsh high-pitched cry尖叫, 发出尖声, call out in such a way尖声喊出; n. screeching cry or sound尖利刺耳声: screech out in pain/ monkeys screeching in the trees/ The child screeched insults at us. // The brakes screeched as the car stopped. 刹车发出尖利声。// the screech of tyres, eg when a car is cornering fast(急转弯)
41.diameter n. length of a straight line connecting the center of a circle or sphere直径: the diameter of a tree-trunk(树干)
42.bore vt. make a hole, well, tunnel with a revolving tool or by digging挖,掘,钻,开凿: This drill can bore through rocks. 钻机钻透岩石。/ bore a hole in wood在木头上钻洞/ bore a tunnel through a mountain开凿隧道// The mole(鼹鼠) bored its way underground.
43.quirk C. habit or action that is peculiar to sb/sth习惯,举动; accident; coincidence偶然的事,巧合: He had a strange quirk of addressing his wife as Mrs. Smith. // one of those odd historical quirks偶发的历史事件// By a quirk of fate they had booked into the same hotel. 命运的捉弄
44.chic a. elegant and stylish高雅的; U. stylishness and elegance高雅: She always looks very chic. // She dresses with chic.
45.taupe n. a. 灰褐色的
46.racing U. hobby, sport or profession of competing in horse or vehicle races赛马、赛车: a racing car
47.stripe n. long narrow band on a surface条纹,线条: a white table-cloth with red stripes/ the tiger’s stripes老虎的斑纹 // the flag of the U.S.: Stars and Stripes星条旗// striped a. marked with or having stripes有条纹的: a striped shirt/tie //
48.uniform C.U. distinctive clothing worn by all members of an organization制服: children wearing school uniform(s) // in uniform: wearing such clothing穿制服: officers in full dress uniform穿全套军装
49.grunge n. ugliness 邋遢,脏物
50.baggy a. hanging loosely宽松下垂的: baggy trousers
51.ferry n. boat that carries people and goods across a stretch of water 渡船 = ferry-boat/; place where such a service operates渡口: The ferry leaves for France at one o’clock. / travel by ferry / the cross-channel ferry service // We waited at the ferry for two hours. // ferryman n. 渡船主
52.tanker n. ship or aircraft for carrying petroleum, etc in bulk(大量) 运石油的轮船、飞机: an oil tanker油轮
53.the Strait of Dover多佛尔海峡
54.sole n. flat sea-fish鳎目鱼; bottom surface of the human foot, sock, shoe脚掌,袜底,鞋底; a. one and only唯一的,单独的
55.grate vt. rub sth into small pieces, usu. against a rough surface磨碎,擦碎: Grate the carrot finely into small pieces. 把胡萝卜擦成细丝。// grater n. such a device 研磨器具// grating a. irritating 刺耳的,令人烦躁的: her grating voice// grateful a. thankful 感激的
56.reverie C.U. idle and pleasant thoughts 空想,遐想: be deep in reverie沉浸在幻想中// She fell into a reverie about her childhood.
57.tungsten U. 乌
58.blare v. make a loud harsh sound like a trumpet 发出喇叭一样的刺耳响声: Car horns blared. 汽车喇叭响了。/ The trumpets blared out. 喇叭齐鸣。// The radio blared out pop music.
59.glare vt. shine with a dazzling, unpleasant light 发出耀眼的强光; glare at sb/sth: stare angrily or fiercely怒视,恶狠狠地盯着: The searchlights glared, illuminating the prison yard. / He didn’t shout or swear, but just glared silently at me.
60.scramble v. n. crawl over steep or rough ground with difficulty攀登,爬; struggle to compete with others, esp. to get sth or a share of sth争夺,竞争(for): to scramble up the side of a cliff/ over a rocky hillside // The players scrambled for /to get possession of the ball. //a scramble over the rocks at the seashore// There was a scramble for the bargains/best seats.// climb v. upward // clamber v. climb with difficulty 攀爬,攀登: clamber over the rocks// crawl vi. move slowly, pulling the body along the ground or other surface爬行,匍匐前进: A baby crawls before it can walk. // to climb a tree // to clamber/climb up/over a wall / The wounded soldier crawled into a shell-hole. // crawl to sb: try to bring oneself into his favor 拍马屁// The sight of snakes makes her flesh crawl: feel as if covered with crawling things.//
61.erupt vt. (of a volcano) suddenly throw out lava (火山)爆发; break out suddenly and violently突然发生: Mount Vesuvius(意大利维苏微火山) erupted in and resulted in the Pompeii disaster.
62.champagne C.U. sparkling white wine from France香槟酒
63.cork C. bottle-stopper made of oak tree bark(栓皮)软木瓶塞
.pop vt. make a short sharp explosive sound (as when a cork comes out of a bottle)发出砰砰声; cause sth to burst with such a sound使破裂、发出砰砰声; dry corn until it bursts open and puffs up爆玉米花: Champagne corks were popping (away) throughout the celebrations. 庆祝会上香槟酒瓶塞的砰砰声不绝于耳。/The children were popping balloons.把气球弄得噼啪作响。/ pop maize (sweet corn) 爆玉米花//pop out (of sth): come out suddenly 突然出来: The rabbit popped out as soon as we opened the box. / pop up: (infml) appear or occur esp. when not expected出现、发生: He seems to pop up in the most unlikely places. // popcorn U. maize that has been heated so that it burst and forms fluffy balls(热爆的)玉米花//
65.counterpart n. person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as sb or sth else相对应、对等的人/物: The sales director phoned her counterpart in the other firm, ie the other firm’s sales director
66.oppose vt. set oneself against, fight against反对,对抗: oppose the Government/a scheme // oppose sth to/against sth: 对照,对抗 Do not oppose your will to/against mine.// Who is opposing you in the match: competing against you? // be opposed to sth: strongly against sth强烈反对: She seems very much opposed to your going abroad.// as opposed to: in contrast to 与…对照/对比: I am here on business as opposed to a holiday.是公事而不是度假// The Socialist Party was in opposition: 是反对党.
67.Eurasia n. Europe and Asia 欧亚 // Eurasian a. of Europe and Asia 欧亚的
68.lop vt. 1) lop away/off: cut branches, twigs(细枝) etc off a tree剪去,砍去: lop off a branch // lop-eared a. drooping (下垂的) ears垂耳的 // a lop-eared rabbit // lop-sided a. with one side lower than the other两侧高低不平的: a lop-sided grin咧着嘴笑
69.execute vt. carry out (what one is asked to do/ punishment by death on sb)执行,实行,完成; kill as a legal punishment处死; (fml) perform on the stage, at a concert演奏,表演: execute one’s commands/orders/ a plan/ a purpose // execute a murderer: kill // The piano sonata (奏鸣曲) was badly executed: performed. // execution U. 执行,实行,完成: His original idea was good, but his execution of the scheme was disastrous.// The plans were finally put into execution.得以实施 // The solicitor (lawyer) is proceeding with the execution of my mother’s will:执行遗嘱// executive 1) a. 经营管理的,行政的: executive duties/ability // the executive branch of a government =administration 行政部门 2) n. 行政人员,决策人,董事会: She’s an executive in a computer company. // CEO: chief executive officer首席执行官