一、
Bennet先生对女儿Elizabeth说:“I admire all my three sons-in-law highly, Wickham, perhaps, is my favorite; but I think I shall like your husband quite as well as Janeps.”
Bennet先生在说反话,Wickham与小女儿Lydia私奔, 给全家带来莫大的耻辱。
二.
“The other is Miss deBourgh. Only look at her. She is quite a little creature. Who would have thought she could be so thin and small?”
“I like her appearance. She looks sickly and cross. Yes, she will
do for him very well She will make him a very proper wife.”
这是Elizabeth和Maria在Collins先生家做客时看到Rosings的女继承人deBourgh小姐时的对话。她俩都亲眼看到deBourgh小姐又瘦又小,病病歪歪脾气又坏so thin and small, looks sickly and cross与Elizabeth 的话语I like her appearance.明显不相容, 从而促进了反讽意图的识别。
三.
当一心想把女儿嫁出去的Bennet太太得知Elizabeth 居然拒绝了Collins的求婚时, 她找到Bennet先生, 指望他来逼迫女儿接受婚约。于是他把E lizabeth叫到书房来:
“Come here, child, I have sent for you on an affair of importance. I understand that Mr. Collins has made you an offer of marriage. Is it true?”
“It was.”
“Very well and this offer of marriage you have refused?”
“I have, Sir.”
“Very well. We now come to the point. Your mother insists upon your accepting it. Is it not so, Mrs. Benne?”
“Yes, or I will never see her again.”
“An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. From this day you must be a stranger to one of your parents. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do.”
Bennet先生先是煞有介事地盘问了太太和女儿各自的意见, 使太太重申了她对女儿提出的威胁) 不嫁Collins就不认这个女儿了。而他的反讽性承诺Iwill never see you again if you do.则是针对太太的威胁(前序话语)进行的反戈一击, 使Elizabeth处于滑稽可笑、
进退两难的境地, 其实是给女儿以有力的支持。
四
“Mr.Bennet, how can you abuse your own daughters in such a way? You take delight in vexing me. You have no pity on my poor nerves.”
“You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them for twenty years.”
班纳特夫人是个智力低下、喜怒无常的人, 她生平最大的乐事就是嫁女儿, 最大的慰藉就是走亲访友和打探消息。她在此抱怨班纳特先生对她脆弱的nerves没有同情心, 出于对班纳特太太的厌倦和无奈, 班纳特先生只好通过重复她的nerves做出即时回应, 同时还加上了high respect来强调不是一般重视, 而是非常重视, 从而来表达他对班纳特太太愚昧无知、无病呻吟、大惊小怪的嘲讽。
五
“From the very beginning, from the first moment I may also say, one of my acquaintances with you, your manners impressing me with the fullest belief of your arrogance, your conceit, and your selfish disdain of the feelings of others. And I had not known you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed to marry.”
“And this is your opinion of me! This is the estimation in which you hold me! I thank you for explaining it so fully.”
这是信心十足的达西在柯林斯家傲慢地向伊丽莎白求婚时的对话, 自尊受到严重创伤的伊丽莎白无力顾及他的面子断然拒绝了他的求婚, 并且以非常直接的方式抨击了他的人格。毫无疑问, 这些无理指责完全出乎达西的预料, 一句“I thank you for explaining it so fully” 以反语的方式明显表达了他对伊丽莎白的所持想法的不赞同态度, 背后的实际想法是”你误会了我。我不是你认为的那样的人。”不难想象,达西当时的心理落差有多大,此刻唯有用反语来表达心中的悲愤和难过之情。
六
“But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.”
“I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party.”
班纳特太太要求班纳特先生尽快去宾利先生那里拜访他, 而班纳特先生坚决拒绝了班纳特太太的建议, 而且还要让班纳特太太和女儿们一起去拜访宾利先生。因为班纳特先生认为, 宾利先生会看上一个有五个成年女儿的班纳特太太。班纳特先生的这一回应是对以班纳特太太为代表的当地母亲及她们的女儿们, 不顾廉耻、争先恐后的做法的嘲笑和讽刺, 虽然班纳特先生要求班纳特太太和女儿们去拜访宾利先生的做法, 是不符合当时的社会礼仪规约的。