
句型1:There+be +句型
英语中的there be结构主要表示某处存在有某物,所以通常被称为存在句。其中的there为引导词,无词义,be为谓语动词,there be后面的名词为句子主语。
There be结构的否定式和疑问式:
1、否定式:
there be结构的否定式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后:
There ______________________ for you. 我帮不了你什么忙。
若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词,通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后:
There _________________ so many mistakes. 不可能有那么多错误。
另外注意以下类型的否定式:
There ____________________________ any difficulty over the money question. 在钱的问题上似乎没发生什么困难。
2、疑问式:
there be结构的疑问式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后:
Is there any good film______________? 映什么好电影吗?
若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词,通常将助动词或情态动词移至句首构成疑问式:
_______________________ any new developments? 有什么新的发展吗?
另外注意以下类型的疑问式:
如:Uncle Jesse, why do there have to be poor people like those? 杰西叔,为什么一定要有他们那样的穷人?
There be结构的谓语形式:
1、主谓一致问题:
若只有一个主语,谓语的数则取决于该主语的数;若有几个主语并列,则通常是与靠近的主语保持一致:
There_________a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
2、时态问题:
there be结构的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现,它可以有一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在完成时以及过去完成时等多种时态形式:
There ___________________________an English film tonight. 今晚将有一场英语电影。
There ________________________g in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There__________________many such accidents. 已发生了好几起那样的事故。
3、与情态动词连用:
there be结构有时可以与情态动词连用:
There ________________ a storm tomorrow. 明天可能有风暴。
4、动词be换成其他动词:
有时可将there be中的动词:be换为live, remain, seem, appear, exist, stand, lie, come等:
Once upon a time there l_________________ known by the name of Joe Beef. 从前有个人名叫乔·比夫。
There ___________________ the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。
At the top of the hill there ____________ an old temple. 在小山顶上有一座古庙。
5、与其他动词搭配使用:
there be结构有时可与其他动词搭配使用,构成一种复合谓语:
There _______________e nobody about, so I went in. 附近似乎没有人,因此我就走了进去。
There __________________a man walking by. 恰好有一个人从旁经过。
There be结构的非谓语形式:
几个重要句型和结构:
1、There is no doing结构:其意为“不可能…”、“无法…”:
There's no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。
2、There is no difficulty in doing sth结构: 意为“做某事没有困难”:
There _______________________________ the plan. 执行这项计划没什么困难。
3、There's no doubt…结构: 意为“毫无疑问…”:
There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。
4、There is no hurry(to do sth)句式:其意为“不用急(于做某事)”:
There's no hurry _____________. 现在不急于还书。
5、There's no need for…结构:其意为“不需要或不必要…”:
There is no need for you to go. 你没有必要去。
6、There is no question about...结构:其意为“…是毫无疑问的”:
There's no question _____________. 毫无疑问他会成功。
7、There is no question of doing sth句式:其意为“做某事是不可能的”:
There is no question _____________. 他不可能会来。
8、There is no sense in doing sth结构:意为“做某事没有道理或好处”:
There's no sense _______________________. 等三小时是不没有道理的。
9、There's no point in doing sth句式:意为“做某事没有用”:
There's no point __________________. 耗时间没用。
【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词:
There is some difficulty in doing sth 意为“做某事有些困难”。
There is much difficulty in doing sth 意为“做某事许多困难”。
There's a need for… 意为“需要或有必要…”。
10、“there be+名词+动词”结构:
(1)there be+宾语+现在分词现在分词表示主动关系,同时表示动作正在进行:
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
有时现在分词可表示一种状态:
There's ________________________ the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样):
There are ten people _______________ dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。
(2)there be+宾语+过去分词过去分词表示一种被动关系,同时表示动作已经发生:
There were________________ in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。
有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构):
There were some old men seated(=who were seated)in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。
(3)there be+宾语+不定式不定式通常表示动作尚未发生:
There was _____________________ the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。
【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时,可用主动表被动,也可用被动式:
There is much work __________________. 有许多工作要做。有时其中的不定式为系表结构:
There is nothing ____________________. 没什么可怕的。
句型2:What’s wrong with+sb. / sth. ?(注意宾语从句中的语序)
What’s wrong with your watch?你的手表有什么毛病?
句型3:How do you like...?=what do you think of ....?(选择题考察几率较大)
____________________________?你觉得中国怎么样?
句型4:What do you like about...?
What do you like about China?你喜欢中国的什么?
句型5:How+adj. / adv. +主语+谓语! ;What a/an+adj. +n. +主语+谓语!(能够准确判断what还是how)
How ___________________ !今天多冷啊!What________________!多美的一幅图画呀!
句型6:Thank+sb. +for (doing) sth.
Thank you ___________________.感谢你来看我
句型7:So+be/ 情态动词/ 助动词+主语(注意否定的情况neither)
He is a student.___________________.他是一个学生,我也是。
句型8:... not ... until ...(注意区别until )
He _________________________ his parents came back.直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。
句型9:比较级+and+比较级
The baby cried _____________________.那孩子哭得越来越厉害。
句型10:the +比较级,the +比较级(判断比较级是副词还是形容词)
The more one has, the more one wants.越有越贪
句型11:... as +adj./ adv.+as ... ; …not as/so+adj/adv. +as...
Do you think that art is ___________________?你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗?
Last Sunday the weather was ______________________.上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。
句型12:more/ less +adj.+than...
I think art is _______________________ music.我认为艺术不如音乐重要。
句型13:stop sb/sth from doing sth=keep sb/sth from doing sth
The Great Green Wall will _________________________ the earth away.绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。
句型14:both ... and ...(就近原则,两者)
Both you and I _________ students.我和你都是学生。
句型15:either ... or...(就近原则)
Either you or he _________ wrong .不是你错就是他错。
句型16:neither ... nor ...(就近原则)
Neither he nor I________ a student.我和他都不是学生。
句型17:... as soon as ...(正常考察主将从现)
As soon as I see him,I’ll give him the message.我一见到他,我就把你的消息告诉他。
句型18:... so+adj. / adv.+that ...(注意和too....to 进行转换)
I was __________________ I didn’t want to speak.我累得连话也不想说了。
句型19:Though...+主句(和but 的用法区别)
Though I like writing to my pen-friend,it takes a lot of time.虽然我喜欢给笔友写信,但它要耗费我大量时间。
句型20:be going to do sth
This afternoon I’m going to buy an English book.今天下午我要去买本英语书。
句型21:have fun doing=enjoy oneself =have a great time doing sth
We’re going to ____________________________ English this term.这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。
句型22:... because ... / ...,so ...
I don’t know all your names because this is our first lesson.因为这是我们的第一节课所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。
句型23:Why don’t you do... = Why not do...
Why ________________ to school a little earlier?为什么不早点到校呢?
句型24:make it
Let’s make it half past nine.让我们定在九点半吧!
句型25:be sure that... ;be sure of/ about sth. ;be sure to do sth.
I ____________________________,so I asked someone.我对于怎么走没有把握,所以我问别人了。
句型26:keep sb. / sth. +adj/doing/介词短语/adv
You must ________________________.你们必须保持教室干净。
Sorry to have_________________________.对不起,让你久等。
句型27:find +宾语+宾补(make 和think 的用法类似)
He finds ________________________l around the big city .他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。
句型28:... not ... any more/ longer=no more/longer(注意区别)
The old man _______________________________.这位老人不再旅行了。
He _________________________.他不再是个贼。
句型29:What’s the weather like...?(weather 不可数名词)
__________________________ in spring in your hometown ?在你们家乡春天天气怎么样?
句型30:There is no time to do sth;sb have no time to do sth
I have no time ______________ for lunch. 我没有时间回家吃午饭。
句型31:Help oneself to...(oneself可以是复数形式)
Help yourself to some fish.吃鱼吧!
句型32:used to do sth(be used to doing sth 习惯做某事,be used to do sth 被用来做某事)
I ______________________ this kind of story books.我过去常读这种故事书。
句型33:have been to...
________________________ Hawaii?你曾去过夏威夷吗?
句型34:have gone to...
Where’s he?He________________ Washington.他在哪儿?他去华盛顿了。
句型35:No matter +疑问句+主句
_________________________,you are welcomed.无论你们什么时候来,都受欢迎。
句型36:... as ... as possible;... as ... as sb can
I hope to see him as soon as possible.我希望能尽快见到他。
He ran here _____________________.他尽最大努力跑到这儿。
句型37:It’s said that ...
________________________one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。
句型38:be based on
His argument ______________________.他的论断是以事实为根据的。
句型39:... so that ...
Put the tree in the hole ____________________.把树放入洞穴中,让它立直。
句型40:be+num. +meters / kilometers / years...+long / wide / deep / high / old..
The Great Green Wall is 7,000 ______________. 绿色长城长7000公里。
The river is about 2 _____________. 这条河大约有2米深。
The boy is about 12 ______________. 这个男孩约12岁。
句型41:with one’s help...
________________________, I’ve come to America to study further. 在汤姆的帮助下,我来美国深造。
句型42:I don’t think ...
_____________________________ them is interesting.我认为他们中任何一个都无趣。
句型43:What’s the population of ...?(注意人口不可数名词)
What’s the population of Germany ?德国的人口有多少?
句型44:prefer to do … rather than do
They ________________________________ it.他们更喜欢买一辆新车,而不愿去修理它。
句型45:be worth (doing) …
This book ________________________.这本书值得读。
