学习目标:1.清楚关系代词与关系副词的区别
2.清楚that和which的区别,并能正确使用。
3.清楚定语从句中介词的使用
4.清楚定语从句中主谓一致
学习重点:能够在具体语境中熟练运用定语从句。
学习难点:在具体语境中正确使用关系代词和关系副词。
考点分析:语法填空中的准确运用;写作中的灵活运用;在完形填空和阅读理解中,对复合句的正确理解。
Part 1.定语从句中关系词的使用
Step 1. 分析下列句型:
1.He is a person who/that saved the little boy.
2. He is the person (who/that/whom) you talked about yesterday.
总结:当先行词为人时,可以用_____, _____,_____来引导定语从句,在从句中作主语、表语、宾语(注whom只能作宾语),作_______时可以省略。
3.A clock is a machine which/that tells people the time.
4.The car (which/that) he bought yesterday is a second-hand one.
总结:当先行词为物时,可以用_____, _____来引导定语从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语,作_______时可以省略。
5. Harry is the boy whose mother is our English teacher.
6.The house whose windows face south is ours.
总结:whose引导定语从句时,在从句中作定语,既可以指___也可以指____,通常可以用:the+名词+of which或of which +the+名词
关系代词的用法总结:
relative
pronoun | Modify | Function in the clause | |||
Person | thing | Subject | object | attributive | |
who | |||||
whom | |||||
which | |||||
that | . | ||||
whose |
1.I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park.
2.I’ll never forget the time (which/that) I spent with you.
3.This is the school where I worked last year.
4.This is the school(which/that) I worked last year.
5.This is the reason why I didn’t come here.
6. The reason(which/that) she gave me was not true.
注意:先行词为时间、地点、原因名词时,要判断它在定语从句中的句子成分,如果引导词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,就要用______ 或______,如果引导词在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语,就要用______ ,______, _______.
关系副词的用法总结:
Relative
adverb | modify | Function in the clause |
when | ||
where | ||
why |
Step 1.that与which
分析下列例句:
1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done.
2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand ?
总结:先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词,引导定语从句用_________
分析下列例句:
1.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
总结:先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,引导定语从句用_________。
分析下列例句:
1.I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me.
2.This is the very book _______ I want.
总结: 先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very, the only, the last 修饰时,引导定语从句用________.
分析下列例句:
1.The famous writer and his works _______ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
2.A victim is a person, animal or thing ______ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.
总结: 先行词中既有人又有物时,引导定语从句用_________ .
分析下列例句:
1.Who is the person _______ is standing at the gate?
2.Which is the car ______ you bought last week?
总结:当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,引导定语从句用_________
分析下列例句:
1.Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.
2.This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.
总结:在介词后面,指物用__________
分析下列例句:
1. I want to buy the house, ________ has a garden.
2. Tom was late for school again and again, ________ made his teacher very angry.
总结:在非性定语从句中,引导定语从句用______ .
Step 2.如何选择介词
Fill in the missing words:
1.This is the boy ______ whom his parents are proud.
2.Do you know the girl _________ whom the teacher talked just now?
3. I’ll never forget the day ______ which we worked together in the countryside.
4.Lily took a few friends to my birthday party, _______(大多数) whom I was familiar with.
Step 3.主谓一致
1.Anyone who______(want) to see the film should pay for it.
2.Those who______(want) to see the film should pay for it.
3.He is one of the students in his class who________(have) got the teacher’s praise.
4.He is the only one of the students in his class who ______ (have) got the teacher’s praise.
总结:关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的数取决于_______
当先行词是one of +n,定语从句中的谓语动词用_______;当先行词是the only/very one of +n,定语从句中的谓语动词用_______.
Step 4.走进高考
1. This is the place _____ I am dying to visit these years.
A. which B. where C. in which D. to where
2. Tom didn’t pass the exam, ____ surprised me a lot.
A. which B. that C. who D. it
3.He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom
4.She is one of the students______ been to Beijing.
A. who have B. who has C. which have D. which has
5. The old man often looked back on the past days______ he worked hard to make a living.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
6.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.
A.to whom B. who C. from whom D. that
7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have got this chance.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
8.We will be shown around the city : schools, museums, and some other places, _____other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
Part 3.小试牛刀
Write 3-5 sentences to describe your classmates or your teachers. Try to use as many attributive clauses as you can.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______ ____
Part 4 总结与反思
我的收获:
______________________________________________________________________________
我的不足:
______________________________________________________________________________