题型有: 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.
1. The book gives a brief______ of the course of his research up till now.
A.outline
B.reference
C.frame
D.outlook
正确答案:A
解析:名词辨析题。outline表示“轮廓,提纲,概要”;reference表示“参考,参考资料;提及”;frame表示“框架,构架”;outlook表示“前景,展望”。根据句意应选[A]outline。 知识模块:语法与词汇
2. Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a______to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway.
A.sign
B.mark
C.signal
D.board
正确答案:A
解析:名词辨析题。sign表示“招牌,符号,标志”;mark表示“痕迹,记号”;signal表示“信号”;board表示”板,布告牌”。根据句意应选[A]sign。 知识模块:语法与词汇
3. The tenant left nothing behind except some______of paper, cloth, etc.
A.sheets
B.scraps
C.pages
D.slices
正确答案:B
解析:名词辨析题。scrap表示“碎片,残渣”,例如:There is not a scrap of truth in the claim.这种说法一点真实性也没有。sheet表示“薄片;张”;page表示“页;记录”;slice表示“片;一部分,份”。根据句意应选[B]scraps。 知识模块:语法与词汇
4. The police have offered a large______for information leading to the robber’s arrest.
A.award
B.compensation
C.prize
D.reward
正确答案:D
解析:名词辨析题。reward意为“酬谢,奖赏,报答,报酬,赏金”,尤指因表现出色或向他人提供帮助或服务而得到的酬谢;award尤指因表现出色或成绩卓越由官方决定颁发的“奖品,奖金,奖赏,奖状”;compensation尤指因损失而给予的“补偿(赔偿)物,补偿(赔偿)金”;prize尤指在比赛、竞赛中获得的“奖品,奖赏”。根据句意应选[D]reward。 知识模块:语法与词汇
5. The multinational corporation was making a take-over______for a property company.
A.application
B.bid
C.proposal
D.suggestion
正确答案:B
解析:名词辨析题。本题四个词都可用于make a…for…的结构。bid尤指拍卖中“出价,投标”,符合句意。application尤指正式和书面的“申请,请求”;proposal意为“计划,建议,提议”;suggestion意为“建议,意见”。 知识模块:语法与词汇
6. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few______from the novel.
A.pieces
B.essays
C.fragments
D.extracts
正确答案:D
解析:名词辨析题。extract意为“选段,节录”;piece意为“(文章的)篇”;essay意为“论说文,散文,小品文”;fragment意为“碎片,断片”。根据句意应选[D]extracts。 知识模块:语法与词汇
7. Being colour-blind, Sally can’t make a______between red and green.
A.difference
B.distinction
C.comparison
D.division
正确答案:B
解析:名词辨析题。make a distinction between A and B的意思是“分辨出A和B”,指比较后得出结果;make a difference意思是“区别对待”;make a comparison between A and B强调比较,不强调结果;division指把整体分成部分。根据句意应选[B]distinction。 知识模块:语法与词汇
8. The______of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from Greek.
A.origin
B.generation
C.descent
D.cause
正确答案:A
解析:名词辨析题。origin表示“起源,开端”;generation表示“发生,产生;一代人”;descent表示“祖籍;血统”;cause作为名词表示“原因,理由;事业”。根据句意应选[A]origin。 知识模块:语法与词汇
9. When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right______.
A.way
B.track
C.road
D.lane
正确答案:D
解析:名词辨析题。lane表示“(宽大马路上用白线画出的)车道”;way表示“路,道路”;track表示“(车辆、行人、动物等经过后留下的)踪迹”;road表示“道路”。根据句意应选[D]lane。 知识模块:语法与词汇
10. We should make a clear______between “competent” and “proficient” for the purposes of our discussion.
A.separation
B.division
C.distinction
D.difference
正确答案:C
解析:名词辨析题。distinction表示“差别;类别”,make a distinction表示“区分”;separation表示“分离,分开”;division表示“分界线,划分”;difference常和make搭配,构成“make adifference”,表示“区别对待”。根据句意应选[C]distinction。 知识模块:语法与词汇
11. In the present economic______we can make even greater progress than previously.
A.air
B.mood
C.area
D.climate
正确答案:D
解析:名词辨析题。climate表示“气候;风气,倾向,思潮”,指“经济环境”时应用climate,故选[D];air表示“空气”;mood表示“情绪”;area表示“区域,地区”。 知识模块:语法与词汇
12. The local authorities realized the need to make______for elderly people in their housing programmes.
A.preparation
B.requirement
C.specification
D.provision
正确答案:D
解析:名词辨析题。make provision for/against sth.表示“为将来或以防万一而做的准备”;make provision for sth.还表示“预先采取对策”;make preparation for表示“为某一活动或计划做准备”;requirement表示“规定或要求的事物”;specification表示“规格说明,具体说明”;requirement,specification这两个词与make…for不构成短语。根据句意应选[D]provision。 知识模块:语法与词汇
13. Things went well for her during her early life but in her middle age her______seemed to change.
A.affair
B.luck
C.event
D.chance
正确答案:B
解析:名词辨析题。luck表示“运气,命运,好运”;affair表示“事务,事情,个人的事”;event表示“大事,事件;社交场合”;chance表示“机会,可能性,机缘”。根据句意应选[B]luck。 知识模块:语法与词汇
14. Although I spoke to her about the matter several times, she took little______of what I said.
A.remark
B.warning
C.notice
D.attention
正确答案:C
解析:名词辨析题。take notice of表示“注意,关注;理会”;attention虽然也有“注意”的意思,但它的搭配是pay attention to sth.;remark表示“评论,评述”;warning表示“警告,提醒”。根据句意和搭配要求应选[C]notice。 知识模块:语法与词汇
15. Yesterday my aunt bought some new______for her flat at the seaside.
A.furniture
B.furnitures
C.possession
D.possessions
正确答案:A
解析:名词辨析题。furniture表示“家具”,是不可数名词;possession用做不可数名词表示“持有,具有”,用作可数名词表示“所有物,财产”,不与buy搭配。所以本题应选[A]furniture。 知识模块:语法与词汇
16. ______to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.
A.Adhering
B.Adjusting
C.Adopting
D.Acquainting
正确答案:B
解析:动词辨析题。adhere to意为“坚持;粘附;追随”;adjust to意为“调整,适应,调节”;adopt意为“采纳;收养”;acquaint“使熟悉,使结识”。根据句意可知,[B]为答案。 知识模块:语法与词汇
17. Traditionally, local midwives would______all the babies in the area.
A.deliver
B.produce
C.handle
D.help
正确答案:A
解析:动词辨析题。[A]有“助产,接生”之意,符合句意,故[A]为答案。其余三项均不符合句意,故排除。 知识模块:语法与词汇
18. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually______from it.
A.refrained
B.prevented
C.limited
D.restricted
正确答案:A
解析:动词辨析题。[A]refrained意为“克制,忍住”;[B]prevented意为“制止,阻止”;[C]limited意为“”;[D]restricted意为“”。根据句意可知,[A]正确。 知识模块:语法与词汇
19. Slavery was______in America in the 19th century.
A.abolished
B.cancelled
C.abandoned
D.terminated
正确答案:A
解析:动词辨析题。abolish表示“废除,废止”;cancel表示“取消;删除”;abandon表示“放弃”;terminate“终止”。根据句意,可知[A]为正确答案。 知识模块:语法与词汇
20. The boys in the dorm______a coin to decide who would clean the floor.
A.held
B.tossed
C.put
D.collected
正确答案:B
解析:动词辨析题。hold表示“拿着”;toss表示“掷;扔”;put表示“放置”;collect表示“收集”。只有[B]符合句意,故为正确答案。 知识模块:语法与词汇
21. Our office has recently______to a new computer system.
A.altered
B.converted
C.transformed
D.modified
正确答案:B
解析:动词辨析题。alter意为“改变”;convert意为“转换”;transform意为“改变”;modify意为“更改”.其中[A]alter和[D]modify为及物动词,不与to搭配使用,故排除;[B]convert强调改变(某事物)的形式和用途,例如:The sofa is converted into a bed.(沙发变成床。)[C]transform是指完全改变事物的外观或特性,例如:A year abroad has completely transformedher.(在国外待了一年,她完全变了一个人。)根据句意可知,[B]为正确答案。 知识模块:语法与词汇
22. The city government is building more roads to______the increasing number of cars.
A.accommodate
B.receive
C.accept
D.hold
正确答案:A
解析:动词辨析题。accommodate意为“容纳,为……提供住处”;receive意为“接到”;accept意为“接受”;hold意为“包含”。根据句意可知,[A]accommodate为答案。 知识模块:语法与词汇
23. The police had difficulty in______the fans from rushing onto the stage to take photos with the singer.
A.limiting
B.restraining
C.confining
D.restricting
正确答案:B
解析:动词辨析题。limit,restrict和confine为近义词。restrain意为“阻止,抑制”通常与from搭配,表示“阻止某人做某事”,符合此处语境和语法关系,故[B]为答案。restrict意为“”,一般指某物的大小、数量等;limit一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限;confine侧重指不可逾越的,有时暗指束缚、囚禁等。 知识模块:语法与词汇
24. As there was no road,the travelers______up a rocky slope on their way back.
A.ran
B.hurried
C.scrambled
D.crawled
正确答案:C
解析:动词辨析题。scramble意为“攀爬”.例如:I scrambled up the cliff for a better look atthe sea.(我很快地爬上峭壁,好饱览大海的景色。)因为句中提到的是slope,因此可以判断此处说的是攀爬,故[C]为答案。crawl意为“爬行”,是指贴地而爬,例如:He watched the baby crawlacross the room.(他看着婴儿从房问这边爬到那边。) 知识模块:语法与词汇
25. During the TV interview,the singer announced that he was going to______his new album soon.
A.release
B.renew
C.relieve
D.rehearse
正确答案:A
解析:动词辨析题。release意为“发行,发表”,通常指唱片,影碟等的发行,例如:The newfilm will be released next month.(这部新电影下个月发行。)本题正是指歌曲专辑的发行,故[A]符合文意。renew意为“续借”;relieve意为“解除,减轻”,例如:This medicine will relieve yourheadache.(这药将减轻你的头痛。)rehearse意为“预演,排练”,例如:The actors were rehearsingthe play.(演员们一直在排练这出戏。)后三项均不符合语境,故排除。 知识模块:语法与词汇