
一.短文填空题型说明--短文填空也叫综合填空,其特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后,要求考生根据短文的意思,在每个空格中填上一个词,使短文意思完整正确。它是测试同学们理解能力及对词汇、语法和习惯用法等的掌握情况的一种形式。这是中考中一个比较难的项目。其原因是考点不明确:凡涉及英文的理解、词汇、语法和习惯用法的都可以考。内容更是包罗万象:天文地理、历史人文、科技发展、旅游广告等。要求同学们在读通、读懂的基础上,填出符合内容和语法的词或词组。凡是课文中学到的词汇和语法都是考试的范围,各种介词、副词和习惯用法也会经常考到。尤其对于长句子,特别要注意其结构,要精确地分析句子成分。在做综合填空时,要养成快速阅读全文的习惯。句子读得越快越长,理解的精度就越高。
二.短文填空解题思路--1.首先要确定时态,根据文章中的动词形式和时间短语来确定,以备填写单词的形式用。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。
3. 培养一个意识,就是固定搭配,比如看见between就要想到与之关联的搭配and等等。
4. 要有上下文意识,前边出现了easy,那么后边可能是easy的同义词not difficult或者反义词difficult,要根据文章的意思来确定。
5.要有连词的意识,看见but要想到是与以前的相反,让填写反义词;看到and要想到要让填写并列词,即词性,比较级或最高级等等,要填一致的。
6.要有逻辑意识,把自己置身文章中,想想自己该怎么办,根据作者的语气,褒义词贬义词,猜测作者的意图,然后就填写完毕.判断连词填什么,如so,because,but,however等,要看前后两句的逻辑关系,是因果还是递进还是并列等等,正推推不出就反推,看看前边的东西会给后边的句子带来什么。
三.做短文填空题的注意之处--1:反复读懂文章,短文填空考的是综合阅读能力,很多空需要对上下文理解才能填出来,所以文章的读懂很重要
2:中考要求的短语必须全部背熟。
3:中考要求的单词必须背熟,很多同学觉得很困难是因为记不住单词,不知道句子意思。
4:遇见填不出的空时,不要乱填,要反复阅读文章
四.练习展示:(一)Yesterday morning, Li Hua got up early and 1____breakfast he went to school 2_____his way to school he saw some 3______ coming from the 4_____ of a house.“There must be something on 5_____,” he thought. Then he 6____ as fast as he could to get some water, after a short time, he carried a bucket of 7____. Quickly he poured the water into the fire. The smoke was put 8_____. To his surprise, he saw an old 9____out of the window, with a smoke in his hand. He shouted at Li Hua 10______,“ See what you are doing! You bad boy!”
1_________ 2_____________ 3___________4____________ 5_____________
6_________ 7_____________ 8_____________ 9____________ 10_____________
(二)More and more people are 1_____the life with computers. Using computers you can send E-mail 2_____ and easily. You are able to send a letter with pictures and sounds to someone3____in the world without putting a stamp. E-mail can send its message to the other side of the world 4_____seconds.E-mail is easy to use and it 5_____time and money. It serves(服务)for twenty-four hours. So it doesn’t matter if your friends are in bed when you send E-mail to them, or you are seeing a film at the cinema when they send E-mail6______.Can you imagine(想象) the future without teachers 7_____computers? Students will teach themselves in the schools of the future. Computers help students develop their own ways of 8_____. Students will follow the learning programmes by looking at on line libraries and 9______lessons by world-class teachers. If they don’t understand something, they will ask other students online or E-mail their teachers. Computers are becoming more and more10_____indeed.
1_________ 2_____________ 3_____________ 4____________ 5_____________
6_________ 7_____________ 8_____________ 9____________ 10_____________
(三)It is easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so it is easier to 1____ into bad habits(习惯)than into good ones. Bad habits don’t come 2_____.They come little by little(逐渐的)3____people do not notice(注意)their danger(危险). Schoolboys first pick up little4_____habit in school and on the streets. When they can’t finish their lessons, they copy(抄袭) from their 5______. If they see bigger boys 6___, they also want to learn to smoke. When they get bigger, the habits become so 7_____that they can no longer get ride of 8____. From copying, they fall behind, then they learn to steal, and smoking is bad for their 9_____. At last, they become worse and worse. How necessary
(必要) it is that we get rid of the bad habits in the 10_____.
1________2__________3_________ 4_________5________6_______ 7________ 8________ 9_______10________
(四) Here’s a part of an e-mail 1______from Joe, giving some 2______to his son in college.” when I was young, I often met 3____”about what to do and what not to do. My grandmother told me not to 4____about those things because I only did them once a year or once a lifetime. 5_______, I should try to do well those things which I do every day. For example, I need to eat every day, so I should learn how to 6____. I need to talk 7_____ , so I should learn how to work with 8____people and know how to speak well. I walk every day, so my 9____ should be all right and know comfortable(舒服). Every night I sleep, so my bed should let me have a good rest. Taking care of the10______ things means that you do a better job of the one-in-a-lifetime things as well.”
1_________2________3__________4____________5._________6________7________8_________9_________10_________
(五) The computer was one of the most important 1___of last century. The first computer was as large as a room. Now some computers are as small as television sets. Some computers can even made smaller 2_____ a book. About 20 years ago, the computer was a 3______machine in china, not many people understood it and said yes to it. Today much of that is changing. In 1984, Deng Xiaoping 4____two pupils working on the computers in Shanghai, he said that computer lessons 5____start from child. So there was the first computer book for middle school students. Now in Shanghai 6____all middle schools have classrooms for computer courses(课程). Some of the students now have their 7______comptuers at home. With the help of internet, they can send and 8_____messages and e-mails. They can learn about the world more, quickly. Now computers are 9____used in banks, factories, airports and so on. The computer coming into everyone’s 10____,so it is important for us to learn how to use a computer freely.1_______2_______3_______4_______5________6________7_______8.________9._______10______
(六) Climbing a mountain is hard work, but one step after another finally brings a person to the1_____. Along the way, he can stop and look2_____. And the 3____he climbs, the more wonderful his view(视野)is. If he keeps climbing, he will have a new world before him. He will have a new way of 4______everything.Now learning 5____language is something like climbing a mountain. This new language can give you a new view of life. And it is more than a look at the surface(表面)of things. It can open the way into people’s minds and hearts, into a culture(文化)very 6____from the one of your own. This will make you richer,7_____in things that money can’t buy. Even though you never set foot on a ship or a plane, you can be an armchair 8_______through books. Like the mountain climber who stops now and then to9_____the scenery around him, everyone who is interested in reading will find 10____in books as he fights on to learn more and more of that new language.
1_________2_________3__________4_________5________6_________7_______8._______9_________10_______
(七) A storm dropped heavy rains on central and southern parts of china. The radio says that1_____ the Xiangjiang River in Hunan, flood caused by terrible 2______in the past weeks killed 25 people and 13 others were missing. The Chinese government warned some parts in Yunnan and the city of Chongqing of possible heavy rains over the 3_____few days. In Changsha, water levers rose to 38 meters early Monday morning about 3 meters 4_____ the danger life. In Guangdong, at 5______21 people have been killed, while three were 6_____hurt and 7 went missing7____ heavy floods hit northern parts by Saturday. The cities of Shaoguan ,Meizhou and Heyuan 8______hardest hit and many people were left homeless(无家可归)。A bout 620 million yuan has been lost in the floods. The local government of Guangdong has sent something 9______to Meizhou, Heyuan and Shaoguan to help people who had lost homes build their 10______again.
1_________2___________3__________4___________5__________6_________7_________8_________10________
