UNIT 8 词汇专练语法专练：祈使句；可数和不可数名词；how many/how much; 顺序副词
词汇目标：
1. 学习一些表食物的名词。如：yogurt, honey, watermelon, salt, sugar, cheese, popcorn, corn, sandwich, butter, turkey, lettuce, pepper, gravy等。
2. 学习一些表顺序的词。如：first，then, next, finally等。
| 3. 学习一些表动作的词。如：shake, turn on, peel, pour, add, dig, mix, fill, cover, serve 等。 |
一、根据图片提示完成下列各句中的单词。
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
1. In , the leaves(叶子）on trees turn yellow.
2. Drinking hot tea with ________ is good for your throat(喉咙).
3. Please buy a bag of _______ on your way home.
4. They say the ________ are very delicious.
5. The little boy is eating food with a __________.
6. They are digging a _______ to plant the tree.
7. Look! There are lots of ___________ in the field.
8. In this factory workers use ___________ to work faster.
9. She likes putting some ________ on the bread.
10. They are ______________ the boy’s birthday.
二、根据汉语意思补充单词。
1. 摇动 a e 2. 剥皮 p l
3. 酸奶 y g t 4. 盘子 p te
5. 增加 a 6. 最终 f n ly
7. 食盐 s t 8. 遮盖 c v
9. 奶酪 h se 10. 玉米 c n
11. 片，段 p ce 12. 挖，掘 d
13. 黄油 b tt 14. 温度 t p r t e
15. 传统的 t d t n l 16. 秋天 t n
17. 旅行者t vel 18. 英格兰 E l d
19. 庆祝 l b te 20. 服务 s ve
三、将下列词组翻译成汉语。
1. how much yogurt ___________________ 2. one cup of honey __________________
3. make milk shake__________________ 4. make fruit salad _________________
5. buy some beef_________________ 6. cut up the vegetables ______________
7. cook for 30 minutes _________________ 8. add some water _________________
9. for another ten minutes _______________ 10. one more thing _______________
11. half a cup ___________________ 12. eat traditional food ______________
13. on special holidays ________________ 14. about 400 years ago ___________
15. cut into thin pieces _________________
四、将下列词组翻译成英语。
1. 打开___________________ 2. 切碎___________________
3. 把……倒入___________________ 4. 把……放入___________________
5. 剥三个香蕉___________________ 6. 多少个西瓜___________________
7. 三个西红柿___________________ 8. 忘记做某事___________________
9. 一勺子盐___________________ 10.在第四个星期四___________________
11. 在下一个秋天________________ 12. 这顿饭的主菜___________________
13.用……填充___________________ 14.把……放在……上面________________
15.用……遮盖___________________
五、将有关食物的单词分类，比一比谁分得对。
| yogurt, honey, watermelon, salt, sugar, cheese, popcorn, corn, sandwich, butter, turkey, lettuce, pepper, gravy, tomato, potato, banana, onion, carrot, milk, bread, rice, hamburger, pear, strawberry, salad, chicken, egg, apple, mutton, beef, cabbage, dumpling, porridge, coffee | |||
| Fruit | Drink | Vegetables | Food |
六、根据句意和汉语提示完成句子。
1.It's not good for our health to eat too much ____(盐).
2.Tony usually has two _______(三明治)and a glass of milk for dinner.
3.People in America usually eat______(火鸡）on thanksgiving Day.
4. I like ________(放) some butter onto my bread.
5. Tom, please ________(装满) the bottle with the water in the river.
6. If you add some sugar on the __________(爆米花), it will be more delicious.
7. ___________(西瓜) are my favorite fruit in summer. They are nice and cheap.
8. As we all know, ___________(秋天) come after summer.
9. Lily, pass me two ________(勺) of salt, please.
10. Don't _________(打开) on the radio. Your father is sleeping.
11. You should _________(摇动) the bottle before pouring the juice out.
12. The milk and vegetables are enough, but we still need some _________(奶酪).
13. We want three _________(块) of bread and some eggs for breakfast.
14. Jake passed his exams. We're going out to___________(庆祝).
15. Hearing the words, Mary ________(遮盖) her face with her hands.
七、根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。
1. Tom, don’t p______ the dirty water into the pot.
2. Mother is c________ up the meat for making dumplings.
3. How m_________ yogurt do you need?
4. We need three bananas to make the milk s_____________.
5. You should p__________ the oranges before you eat them.
6. S _______is important to us. We need it when we cook.
7. We need two s _____ of milk to make the shake.
8. Eating dumplings on Spring Festival is a t for us.
9. If you have a cold, you should take your t first.
10. These English people are from E .
11. I thought hard, f I thought of a good idea.
12. Lots of t come to the Great Wall for a visit.
13. My brother doesn't like pure(纯奶), but he likes y________.
14. My friends s________ us a delicious lunch last weekend.
15. Dumplings are our t____________ food on Spring Festival.
八、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
1. 你怎样做草莓奶昔？
______ do you make ________ _______ ________ _______?
2. 我想在果汁里加一些冰激凌。
I want to _______ some ice cream _______ the juice.
3. 请把电视机打开。孩子们想看《动物世界》。
Please ________ ________ the TV. The children want to watch Animal World.
4. 你需要放两茶匙蜂蜜。
You need to put _________ ________ _______ _______.
5. 请不要把这些蔬菜混在一起。
Please don't ________ _________ you books with mine.
6. 妈妈，请给我做一些水果沙拉好吗？
Mum, could you make some _________ _________ for me?
7. 把这些水果切碎，然后把它们放进碗里。
________ ________ the fruit, and then ______ them ______ a bowl.
8. 你想要多少香蕉？
_______ _______ ________ do you want?
9. 用锅里的这些水装满瓶子。
_______ the bottle _______ the water in the pot.
10. 先把这只火鸡切成薄片然后再吃。
______ the turkey ______ ______ ______and then eat.
11. 把这块肉煮上30分钟，然后放入青菜。
_______ the meat ______ thirty minutes, and then put some ________ in.
12. 最后，还有一件事，不要忘了加少许盐。
Finally, one more thing. Don’t forget to _______ ______ ______ ______.
13. 记着在搅拌机里倒入半杯牛奶。
Remember to _______ ______ ______ cup of milk _______ the blender.
14. 请在这块面包上放些黄油。
Put some _______on this ________ ________ _________.
15. 在大多数国家， 人们通常在特殊的节日吃传统的食物。
In most countries, people usually eat ________ _______ on _______ ________.
九、根据汉语提示填空，每空一词。
介绍一下你给家人做的这些食物吧。
1. 将一个苹果，三个香蕉，切碎放入碗内，并加入两勺子蜂蜜，一杯酸奶，进行搅拌。这样一盘水果沙拉就成了。
_______ ______ an apple，three bananas. ______ them ______a bowl，______two teaspoons of_______，a cup of _____, and________ it all. Finally a plate of ______ _______ is OK.
2. 把西红柿和牛肉切好, 在煮好面条之后，把它们放在面条里，再加上一些盐，就可以吃西红柿牛肉面了。很简单，对不对？但是很好吃。
_____ ______the tomatoes and beef. After ______the noodles. ______ them _____ the noodles, and then _____some salt. Now, please ____ the noodles. It’s _______, isn’t it? But it’s _________.
语法目标：
1. 学会区分可数名词和不可数名词， 并能够运用how many/how much询问可数名词和不可数名词的量的多少。
2. 学习一些顺序副词，使自己的叙述有条理。
| 3. 学习祈使句，理解祈使句的意义并能够正确运用。 |
一、把这些食物按可数和不可数名词分类。
yogurt, honey, watermelon, salt, sugar, corn, sandwich, butter, turkey, lettuce, onion, pepper, gravy, tomato, potato, cheese, popcorn, banana, strawberry, salad, chicken, egg, apple, milk, bread, noodle, soup, dumpling, hamburger, mutton, carrot, beef,
可数名词：_____________________________________________________________________
不可数名词：___________________________________________________________________
二、用How many 或How much 填空。
1. _______tomatoes can you find in the kitchen?
2. ________cups of coffee do you want to drink?
3. ________ onions are there in the basket?
4. _________ hamburger does he have to sell?
5. _________ sugar do you need to put in?
6. ________ yogurt do you need for the banana shake?
7. ________ oranges did you buy in the supermarket?
8. _________ news did you get from the internet?
9. __________ milk does your sister drink every day?
10. __________ sandwiches did you eat for breakfast today?
总结： 可数名词的复数与many连用，当询问多少时用_______ ________；不可数名词没有单、复数变化，与much连用，询问多少时则用________ ________。
三、写出下列名词的复数形式。
1. tomato 2. sandwich 3. watermelon 4. spoon _______
5. hole 6. monkey 7. hobby 8. diary ________
9. piano 10. potato 11. watch 12. woman _____
13. mirror 14. pig 15.foot _________
四、翻译下列短语，总结不可数名词量的表达。
1. 一杯茶 2. 两块面包 _____________________
3. 一箱牛奶 4. 一瓶水 _____________________
5. 两勺子盐 6. 三袋子糖 _____________________
7. 一锅汤 8. 一则新闻 _____________________
9. 八张纸 _____________________ 10. 两勺蜂蜜 ____________________
总结：当表达不可数名词的确定数量时，一般用“_______+______+_________+ 不可数名词”这种结构。其实可数名词有时也可这样表达, 如：一篮子鸡蛋：____________________
五、选词填空。
next finally first then
1. _______, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper.
2. _______, fill the turkey with this bread mix.
3. _______, put the turkey in a hot oven.
4. _______, cut the turkey into thin pieces.
温馨提示：这四个顺序副词常用来表示步骤，汉语意思依次为：____、____、____、____。它们能帮助你有条理地记叙事情的过程。
六、翻译句子。
1. Tom, open the door, please.
2. Please wake me up early tomorrow.
3. Be careful, Lucy.
4. Let’s go to the party.
5. Don’t close the window tonight.
6. Don’t be late for school again.
7. Don't touch, please.
8. Use your head and you’ll find a good way.
9. Please sit here.
10. Don’t talk so much, please.
温馨提示：祈使句常用来表达请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思。祈使句的主语一般为__________，常___________, 谓语用________。变否定句时在句首加_________.表示有礼貌更客气时，可加上__________,可以放句首，也可以放句尾。放句尾时要用__________分开。
七、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. How many ________ (piece) of bread do you need?
2. I ate two_________（sandwich）for breakfast this morning.
3. _________ (final), they find the lost girl on the beach.
4. We need some _______ (tomato) to make tomato soup.
5. Here_______ (be) some milk. Drink it please.
6. _______(not turn）on the blender.
7. Put some _______ (butter) on the bread and it will taste more delicious.
8. _______ (add) the salt to the noodles, please
9. ______ (one) peel some pears, then cut them up.
10. There _________ (be) some rice in the bowl.
11. The hamburger ______ (be) all delicious.
12. There________ two bags of salt in the room.
13. How much________ (pork) is there in the basket?
14. There _______ (be) a box of eggs on the table.
15. We need three pieces of _________ (paper).
提升练
八、单项选择
( ) 1．________ mix all the things together.
A. Not B. No C. Don't D. You aren't
( ) 2. I can’t see clearly in the room. Please ________ the right.
A. turn on B. turning on C. to turn on D. turn off
( ) 3. — Let's make the salad! — ___________.
A. No, I am not. B. Thank you. C. That’s all right. D. That is a good idea.
( ) 4. ________ exercise every day. It’s good for your health.
A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes
( ) 5. Tom, ________ on your coat. It’s cold outside.
A. puts B. putting C. put D. to put
( ) 6．— Please don't be late again.
— ________ . I’ll get up as early as a bird.
A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, I will D. Sorry, I won’t
( ) 7．Boys and girls, ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes.
A. not read B. doesn’t read C. no read D. don’t read
( ) 8. —________ yogurt do you want? — Three cups.
A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often
( ) 9. — How many ________ do we need? — Three.
A. sandwich B. a sandwich C. sandwiches D. some sandwiches
( ) 10. My mother needs ________ now.
A. six pieces of apples B. five pieces of onion
C. four piece of onion s D. five piece of breads
( ) 11. I still need some ________ and ________ to make this kind of food.
A. tomato; chicken B. tomatoes; chicken
C. tomatos; chickens D. tomatoes; chickens
( ) 12. ________ cups of coffee do we need?
A. How B. How much C. How many D. How many of
( ) 13.There ________ two pieces of bread on the plate and there ________ some butter on the pieces.
A. are, are B. are, is C. is, is D. is, are
( ) 14. There ________ three pieces of paper under the table.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
( ) 15. Will you add ________ to the salad?
A. many honeys B. much honeys C. more honey D. many more honey
九、句型转换
1. Pour the coffee into the cup. (改为否定句）
________ ________he coffee into the cup.
2. You should add some honey into the hot water. (改为祈使句）
________ some honey into the hot water.
3. Add some salt to the soup.（改为否定句）
________ ________ ________salt on the soup.
4. If you study hard now, you will succeed. (改为同义句)
________ ________ and you will succeed.
5. If you don’t work hard, you won’t pass the exam. (改为同义句)
________ ________, or you won’t pass the exam.
6. You mustn’t feed the animals when you are in the zoo. (改为祈使句)
________ ________anything at the animals when you are in the zoo.
7. You must be careful when you cross the street. (改为祈使句)
________ ________when you cross the street.
8. She needs three apples.(改为一般疑问句）
________ ________apples ________ she________?
9. We need two teaspoons of yogurt.(对划线部分提问）
________ ________yogurt do you need?
10. There are three cups of milk on the table.(对划线部分提问）
________ ________cups of milk are there on the table?
11. There are fifty students in our class.(对划线部分提问）
________ ________students________ ________in your class?
12. a, of, butter, first, on, bread, put, some, piece (连词成句）
_________________________________________________________
13. Jack's mother gives him ten dollars every day. (对划线部分提问）
________ ________ ________ ________ Jack's mother give him every day?
14. We need three spoons of milk to make this salad.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ you ________ to make this salad?
15. There is an apple on the plate.（变成复数句式）
There ________ ________ ________ on the ________.
参
词汇专练：
一、1. autumn 2. honey 3. sugar 4. sandwiches 5. spoon 6. hole 7. watermelons 8. Machines 9. butter 10. celebrating
二、1. shake 2. peel 3. yogurt 4. plate 5. add 6. finally 7. salt 8. cover 9. cheese
10. corn 11. piece 12. dig 13. butter 14. temperature 15. traditional 16. autumn
17. traveler 18. England 19. celebrate 20. serve
三、1. 多少酸奶 2. 一杯蜂蜜 3. 制作奶昔 4. 制作水果沙拉 5. 买一些牛肉 6. 切碎这些蔬菜 7. 煮30分钟 8. 加一些水 9. 再10分钟 10. 还有一件事 11. 半杯 12. 吃传统的食物 13. 在特殊的日子 14. 大约400 年以前 15. 切成薄片
四、1. turn on 2. cut up 3. pour … into 4. put …into 5. peel three bananas 6. how many watermelons 7. three tomatoes 8. forget to do 9. a spoon of salt 10. on the fourth Thursday 11. next autumn 12. the main dish 13. Fill…with 14. put … on 15. cover…with
五、1. Fruit: watermelon, banana, pear, strawberry, apple
2. Drink: yogurt, milk, coffee
3. Vegetables: lettuce, pepper, tomato, potato, onion, carrot, cabbage
4. Food: honey, salt, sugar, cheese, popcorn, corn, sandwich, butter, turkey, gravy, bread, rice, hamburger, salad, chicken, egg, mutton, beef, dumpling, porridge
六、1. salt 2. sandwiches 3. turkey 4. putting 5. fill 6. popcorn 7. Watermelons 8. autumn 9. spoons 10. turn 11. shake 12. cheese 13. pieces 14. celebrate 15. cover
七、1. pour 2. cutting 3. much 4. shake 5. peel 6. Salt 7. spoons 8. tradition 9. temperature 10. English 11. finally 12. travelers 13. yogurt 14. served 15. traditional
八、1. How, a strawberry milk shake 2. add, to 3. turn on 4. two spoons of honuy 5. mix together 6. fruit salad 7. Cut up, put, into 8. How many bananas 9. Fill, with 10. Cut, into thin pieces 11. Cook, for, vegetables 12. add a little salt 13. pour half a, into 14. butter, piece of bread 15. traditional food, special holidays.
九、1. Cut up, Put, into, add, honey, yogurt, mix, fruit salad
2. Cut up, cooking, Put, into, add, eat, easy, delicious
语法专练：
一、可数名词：watermelon, sandwich, onion, tomato, potato, bananas, strawberry, egg, apple, noodle, dumpling, carrot
不可数名词：yogurt, honey, salt, sugar, corn, butter, turkey, lettuce, pepper, gravy, cheese, popcorn, salad, chicken, milk, bread, soup, hamburger, mutton, beef
二、1. How many 2. How many 3. How many 4. How much 5. How much 6. How much 7. How many 8. How much 9. How much 10. How much 总结：how many; how much
三、1. tomatoes 2. sandwiches 3. watermelons 4. spoons 5. holes 6. monkeys 7. hobbies 8. diaries 9. pianos 10. potatoes 11. watches 12. women 13. mirrors 14. pigs 15. feet
四、1. a cup of tea 2. two pieces of bread 3. a box of milk 4. a bottle of water 5. two spoons of salt 6. three bags of sugar 7. a pot of soup 8. a piece of news 9. eight pieces of paper 10. two spoons of honey 总结：“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+不可数名词”, a basket of eggs
五、1. First 2. Next 3. Then 4. Finally 温馨提示：首先，接下来，然后，最后
六、1. 汤姆，请开门。2. 明天请早些喊醒我。3. 小心，露丝。 4. 我们去参加派对吧。 5. 今晚不要开窗户。 6. 不要再上学迟到了。 7. 请不要用手触摸。 8. 动动脑子，你就会找到好办法。 9. 请这边坐。 10. 请不要说那么多。温馨提示：you, 省略， 动词原形。 Don't, please, 逗号。
七、1. pieces 2. sandwiches 3. Finally 4. tomatoes 5. is 6. Don’t turn 7. butter 8. Add 9. First 10. is 11. is 12. are 13. pork 14. is 15. paper
1. C 祈使句的主语多为第二人称you，通常省略，因此要以动词原形开头，故选C。句意：不要把所有的东西混合在一起。
2. A 第二句话省略了主语you， 是祈使句，应该用动词原形开头，由句意应该是要打开灯，故选A。 句意：在房间里我不能看清楚，请打开灯。
3. D 此句是考查祈使句的答语。A. 不，我不是。B. 谢谢 C. 别客气 D. 那是一个好主意。根据句意应选D。 句意： 让我们制作水果沙拉吧。那是一个好主意。
4. C 祈使句的主语多为第二人称you，通常省略，因此要以动词原形开头，故选C。句意： 要每天锻炼， 它对你的健康有好处。
5. C 由句意知此句为祈使句，应该以动词原形开头，故选C。 句意：汤姆，穿上你的外套，外面很冷。
6. D 词题考查祈使句的答语。 由I'll get up as early as a bird, 可知应该选D。 句意： 请不要再迟到了。 对不起，我不会了。我会起床像小鸟一样早的。
7. D 此句表希望和命令，是祈使句，其否定形式应用don't 后接动词原形。故选D。 句意：孩子们，不要在床上读书，那对你们的眼睛有害。
8. B 由于yogurt 是不可数名词，依据句意应该用how much, 故选B。 句意： 你想要多少酸奶？三杯。
9. C 由于sandwich 是可数名词，用how many 修饰时其应该用复数形式，因为how many 和some 不可并用，故选C。 句意： 我们需要多少三明治？三个。
10. A 此题主要考查对可数名词，不可数名词，量词等考点的理解。piece 可数，apple, onion 可数，bread 不可数，故选A。 句意：我妈妈现在需要六块苹果。
11. B tomato 变复数是加es， 由题意知chicken 在这里为“鸡肉”，是不可数名词。故选B。 句意：要做这种食物，我仍然需要一些西红柿和鸡肉。
12. C cup 为可数名词，故用how many 修饰，且how many 直接修饰名词， 故选C。 句意：我们需要多少杯咖啡。
13. C 由“数词+表示数量的名词(可数名词)+of+…”结构的短语做主语时， 谓语动词和量词保持一致。不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。故选C。句意：有两块面包在盘子里，并且这些面包块上有一些黄油。
14. B 由three pieces of paper 做主语， 谓语动词应该和pieces 保持一致，故用复数，选B。句意：有三张纸在桌子下面。
15. C honey 为不可数名词，故排除A,B。 many 不可修饰比较级，故选C。 句意：你要在沙拉里加些蜂蜜吗？
九、1. Don’t pour 2. Add 3. Don’t add any 4. Study hard 5. Work hard 6. Don’t feed 7. Be careful 8. How many, does, need 9. How much 10. How many 11. How many, are there 12. First put some butter on a piece of bread. 13. How many money does 14. What do, need 15. Are some apples, plates
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