
ment to use or what kind of investment to make. By
putting your money in some kind of savings instrument
or investment, you can set aside small amount of mon- __2__
ey regularly and the money will earn interest or divi-
dends. Interest refers to the amount what your money __3__
earns when it is kept in a savings instrument. Divi-
dends are payments of part of a company’s earnings to
people hold stock in the company. A savings instru- __4__
ment has an “interest rate ” associated with it; this re-
fers to the rate which the money in the instrument in- __5__
creases during a certain period of time. Principal re-
fers to the facial value or the amount of money you __6__
place in the savings instrument on which the interest is
earned.
Every type of savings or investment has some risk
that the return will be less than needed or expected.
Federally insured savings accounts are safe and guar-
anteed up to $100,000 by the U.S. Government.
Therefore, they may have lower interest rates, making __7__
it hard to save large amounts of money for college. __8__
Bonds and stocks often have higher returns than sav-
ings accounts or EE saving bonds but are more riskier. __9__
You can reduce the risks of these kinds of investments
by starting to save early. The earlier we begin the less __10__
money you will have to put aside each month and the
more total savings you will accumulate.
1.把saving改为savings
saving表示“节约的”,和其复数形式savings意义不同。savings的意思是“存款,储蓄”。
2.在small前面加上a a small amount of 表示“少量的”,冠词不可缺。
3.把what改为which或者that
amount在此是先行词,后面是一个定语从句,这个从句显然应该由关系代词that或者which引导。
4.在hold前面加who 先行词people后面是一个定语从句,因此需要有引导词。
5.在which前面加上at 关系代词which在此引导的同样是一个定语从句,并且在此应该用“介词+关系代词”这个形式,因为前面的rate往往用于短语at a rate,此处的介词可以提前。
6.把facial改为face 票面价值应是:face value。
7.把Therefore改为However。
此处根据上下文来看,表达的是转折的含义,而不是因果关系。
8.把hard改为harder 这里存在一个隐含的比较,所以应该用hard的比较级形式。
9.删除more,或者把more改为much
riskier本身已经是比较形式了,再加上more是多余的。把more改为much,表示一种程度也可以。
10.把we改为you
第二题将amount改为amounts也是正确的
第四题把hold改为holding也是正确的
a small amount of 和small amounts of 用法的区别
a large(great,good)amount of +不可数名词,谓语动词一般用单数;但(large,great,good)amounts of + 不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。
A large amount of damage <has been>done by the earth quake.
Large amounts of money <were>spent on the bridge.
这就是为什么第二题也可以把amount改为amounts而第八题不用改amount的原因啦.
More people die of tuberculosis than of any other disease caused by a single agent. This has probably been the case in quite a while. During the __1__
early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh __2__
deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From __3__
now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble __4__
going into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death and
infection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and __5__
20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened the
trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to __6__
poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.
They are wrong. In the mid1980s the frequency of infections and deaths __7__
started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came __8__
back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The World __9__
Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earth’s
population)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,
population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 __10__
million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poor
countries. tuberculosis n.肺结核antibiotics n.抗生素, 抗生学
1 将in改为for for quite a while 作 “相当长时间”讲. 2 将seventh改为seven
3 将were改为was
这个谓语动词的主语是单数短语 one in every seven deaths, 因此要使用单数.
4将now 改为then 5将Europe前的the 去掉 6 将imported改为exported
根据上下文,应该是向穷国出口抗生素,而不是从这些国家进口抗生素.
7 将are 改为were 8 在vanished 前加had
这里要表达的是 “结核病原来消失的地方,又爆发了结核病”,所以要使用过去完成时.
9 将better改为worse 在结合病没有消失的地方,这种病更加严重了,因此要用worse.
10 将constantly改为constant 在 “keep sb/ sth adj”结构中的形容词作补语.
One of America’s most important export is her modern music. __1__
American popular music is playing all over the world. It is enjoyed __2__
by people of all ages in all countries. Because the lyrics are English, __3__
nevertheless people not speaking English enjoy it. The reasons for
its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.
The music has many origins in the United States. Country music,
coming from the suburban areas in the southern United States, is one __4__
source. Country music features simple themes and melodies describing
day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people
appreciate this music because the emotions expressed by country __5__
music songs.
A second origin of American popular music is the blues. It depicted __6__
mostly sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It
is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is not popular with __7__
all Americans.
Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring
fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country
music. It is first known as rock-and- roll in the 1950’s. Since then there __8__
have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock,
disco music and others. Many performers of popular rock music are
young musicians.
American popular music is marketed to a demanding audience.
Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some
songs become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sing __9__
in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages.
The words may coincide but the enjoyment of the music is universal. __10__
1改export为exports
export作可数名词时指出口商品,同时根据one of 结构也可以知道这里export要用复数结构.
2 改playing为played
动词play和句子主语American popular music是逻辑动宾关系,必须用被动语态.
3 改Because为Though或者Although 此句为让步状语从句.
4 改suburban为rural 这里属于词义用错,suburban为城市郊区,乡村音乐显然来自乡村地区.
5 改because为because of
6 改depicted为depicts
本句错在时态.句意为 “blues大多抒发哀伤情感,反映美国黑人的艰难生活.”为与全文主导时态一致,不能用过去时.此外,blues现在的风格依旧,故用现在时.
7 将not去掉.
8 改is为was 此句有过去时间状语 in the 1950’s, 陈述过去的一个事实,故用一般过去时态.
9 改sing为sung
sung 引导过去分词短语作宾语补足语,表被动意思.
10 改coincide为differ(在may后加not也可以)
此句含有连词but,整个句意含有转折语气.
Planning is a very important activity in our lives. It can give
pleasure, even excitement, and it can cause quite severe headaches. __1__
The most significant the task ahead, the more careful the planning __2__
required. Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring few __3__
or no planning, it is almost routine. A month’s touring holiday abroad,
or better still, getting married, is a different matter altogether. If the
matter involve a church wedding, a reception, a honeymoon in Venice, __4__
and returning a new home, this requires even more planning to make __5__
sure that it is successful. Planning is our way of trying to ensure success
and of avoiding costly failures we can not suffer. It is equally essential __6__
to individual nations and families; the scale may be vary, but the degree __7__
of importance does not. In the essence, a nation planning its resources __8__
and needs do not differ from the familiar weekly shopping or monthly __9__
household budget. Both are designed to ensure an adequate supply of
essentials, and if improperly carried out, will avoid shortages, wastage __10__
and over-expenditure.
1 将and 改为 or or表示“或者”,因为前后是两种截然不同的可能性,所以应该用or。
2 将most改为 more
3 将few改为little
4 将involve 改为 involves 因为主语 the matter 为单数,例如:
Although planning involves material investment, even more important is the investment in man.
虽然作机会应该包括物资投资,但最重要的是对人的投资。
5 在returning后加介词to
6 将suffer改为afford
7 去掉be。
vary是动词,可与助动词或者情态动词构成谓语,也可以构成谓语,例如:
The weather varies from hour to hour in some mountain districts.
8 去掉the in essence 是固定习语,意为“本质上,实质的"
9 将do改为 does主语是动名词复合结构 a nation planning its resources and needs, 应视为单数,例如: Looking after children requires patience.
10 将improperly改为 properly.
Tracing missing persons can take much patient detective work. But a special kind of “private eye” can trace the missing ancestors of whole peoples by
studying the clues buried by words. __1__
These philologists, such as the language detectives are called, have traced __2__
the word trail back from peoples in Europe, India, South Africa, the Americas,
and the Pacific islands in a tiny nameless, and forgotten tribe that roamed central __3__
Eurasia 5000 to 6000 years ago, before the dawn of writing history. __4__
Since a long time scholars have been puzzled over the striking __5__
difference of words in different languages. In Dutch, vader; in Latin, pater;in __6__
old Irish, athir; in Persian, pidar;in the Sanskrit of distant India, pitr.
These words all sounded likely and meant the same thing—“father” __7__
Where did it happen that widely separated peoples used such __8__
close related sound symbols? The problem baffled linguists for years. The more so __9__
because “father” was but one of a host of such coincidences. Towards the end
of the 18 century it dawned on scholars that perhaps all these words stemmed __10__
from some common language.
1. 将by改为in (be) buried in 意思为 “被…所掩盖,掩蔽于…”
2. 将such去掉 在这里as是连词,引导状语从句.
3. 将第一个and改为to (这个句子长,小心上当呀)
以便和前文的from构成搭配 “from…to…”,表示 “从……到……”.
4. 将writing改为written` “有文字记载的历史”英语为 “written history”.
5. 将Since改为 For
因为since做介词, 表示 “自从……起” 之意时,后面一般不跟表示一段时间的名词.
6. 将difference改为similarity
从后面的例子我们可以看出,作者在这里讲述的是文字的惊人的相同之处,而不是不同之处.
7. 将likely改为alike likely 意思为 “很可能的”,不做 “相同的,相似的”解.
8. 将where改为why 这里不是问地点而是问原因,从后面的because也可以看出.
9. 将close改为副词closely 因为形容词close不能修饰过去分词related.
10. 将18改为 18th. The more so because “father” was but one of a host of such coincidences.
这句话的the more so because是什么意思呢, 以为人家出版社错了,不过看两本资料都这么写. 有谁看得懂么?还是说真的是出错了. 原来the more so because意思为: 更何况.
Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely because progress of particular kind is actually taking place around us and is more and
more manifesting. Although mankind has underg- __1__
one no general improvement in intelligence or morali-
ty, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of
knowledge. Knowledge begins to increase as __2__
soon as the thoughts of one individual could be com-
municated to another by mean of speech. With the in- __3__
vention of writing, knowledge could be communicated
and stored. Libraries made education possible, and
education in turn added libraries: the growth of knowl- __4__
edge followed a kind of compound-interest law,
which was greatly enhanced by the invention of print-
ing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the
coming of science, the tempo was suddenly risen. __5__
then knowledge began to be accumulated according to
a systematic plan. However, as soon as new knowl- __6__
edge is acquired, it is now turned to practical ac-
count. What is called “modern civilization” is not the
result of a balanced development of all man’s nature,
but not of accumulated knowledge applied to practical __7__
life. The problem now facing humanity is: what is go-
ing to be done with all this knowledge? Like is often __8__
pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon which
could be used equally for good or evil. It is now being __9__
used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for
instance, be more grimly whimsical than that gunners __10__
using science to shatter men’s bodies while, close at
hand, surgeons use it to restore them.
1.把manifesting改为manifest manifesting不能做形容词,而如果把它理解成现在进行词,后面又缺乏宾语,所以应该改为形容词manifest,表示 “显然的,明显的”.
2.把begins改为began
根据下一行出现的could可以判断本句是过去时.
3.把mean改为means. by means of 是固定用法.
4.在added后面加上to 如果add后面不加to,此句就表示 “把图书馆加到某个事物上去”,加上to,表示给图书馆增加了内容,符合句义.
5.把risen改为raised rise是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态.
6.把However改为Moreover 此句的意思是:新知识一经获得,马上就得到实际应用.这是对上文的追加,不存在转折关系,因此应该用moreover.
7.删除but后面的not
8.把Like改为As
9.把could改为can没主句为现在时,而从句也不表示虚拟,所以应该用现在时.
10.在that后面加上of. 为了避免重复,这里用that指代spectacle,后面的gunner using是that 的内容.因此应该用介词of引出.
The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammar are for
the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words. A rough
and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical __1__
words have “less meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them __2__
“empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. But this is a rather __3__
misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like the is not the name __4__
of something as man is, it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a __5__
sharp difference in meaning between “man is vile” and “the man is vile”, yet the
is the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. Moreover, grammatical words __6__
differ considerably among themselves as the amount of meaning they have even in __7__
the lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been “little words.”
But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words.” __8__
of English, when we consider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car. __9__
Apart from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what some people say:
we certainly do create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This is __10__
illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose of telegrams
and newspaper headlines.
1 删掉the
此处的most并不表示obvious的最高级,而是用作副词修饰obvious,表示程度很高,因此前面不能加the。
2 将but改为and 根据文章的意思,这里要用并列关系的and。
3 将in改为toas apposed to 是固定搭配,意思是“与……相比”。
4 将misled改为misleading
5删掉away此处考查固定用法。 far from being...意思为“远非”“远远不怎么样”,符合这里的意思。而far away from 表示离某处很远。
6 将single改为only或者sole这里要表达“唯一的”。
7 在as后面加to或者将as 改为in 联系上下文,此处的意思是“grammatical words 本身在某某方面也有相当的差异,”as to 有“关于”或者“在某某方面的意思”;将as改为in,用differ from something in…也可表达这个意思。
8 将mean改为means 9 将as改为like,或者在as前面加such
10 将number改为deal或者amount obscurity是不可数名词,不能用a number of 来修饰
When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__
have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__
obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some
other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__
minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__
compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to
fend for them. __6__
It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally
dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__
other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__
that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__
such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__
as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
well-formed human beings.
1 在any infant 中间加other
在比较一物与他物,一人与他人的异同时,必须从比较对象中排除该物或该人.
2 将have改为has 该谓语动词的主语为neither,所以要使用单数形式.
3 将pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit 这里要表达的是 “引起注意”.
4 将on改为to get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起来”将.
5 in risk 改为 in danger 或者 at risk
6 将them 改为themselves
根据上下文,我们可以看出,这里需要一个代词来作 fend for 的宾语.
7 删除定冠词the 8 将be 改为is
在这里suggest 作 “认为,提出看法,暗示说”讲,不作 “建议”讲, 因此,不可使用虚拟语气.
9 讲genetic改为genetically 这里副词genetically 修饰过去分词programmed.
10 在such way 中间加入a 名词way为可数名词单数,因此前面要使用不定冠词.
For the last fifteen or twenty years the fashion in criticism or appreciation of the arts have been to deny the existence of any valid criteria and to make the __1__
words “good” or “bad” irrelevant, immaterial, and inapplicable. There is no such thing, we are told, like a set of standards first acquired through experience and __2__
knowledge and late imposed on the subject under discussion. This has been a __3__
popular approach, for it relieves the critic of the responsibility of judgment and the
public by the necessity of knowledge. It pleases those resentful of disciplines, it __4__
flatters the empty-minded by calling him open-minded, it comforts the __5__
confused. Under the banner of democracy and the kind of quality which our
forefathers did no mean, it says, in effect, “Who are you to tell us what is good
or bad?” This is same cry used so long and so effectively by the producers of mass __6__
media who insist that it is the public, not they, who decide what it wants to hear __7__
and to see, and that for a critic to say that this program is bad and that program
is good is pure a reflection of personal taste. Nobody recently has expressed this __8__
philosophy most succinctly than Dr. Frank Stanton, the highly intelligent __9__
president of CBS television. At a hearing before the Federal Communications
Commission, this phrase escaped from him under questioning: “One man’s mediocrity __10__
is another man’s good program”.
1. 将have改为has 该句的主语 the fashion是单数.
2. 将like改为as such as 是固定搭配.
3. 将late改为later later和上文first对应.
4. 将by改为of或者from
relieve sb of/ from sth 是固定搭配, 意思为 “减轻某人(的负担等)”
5. 将him改为them
因为其先行词为 the empty-minded,而 “the+adj/p.p” 表示一类人时,通常表示复数概念.
6. 在same前加the the same 表示 “唯一,独一无二”的概念,因此必须加定冠词.
7. 将decide改为decides
该句的主语 the public 表示的是单数概念.,这一点从后面的代词it 可以看得出来.
8. 将pure改为purely 在这里purely作状语,修饰谓语动词,因此应使用副词.
9. 将most改为more more than 搭配,引导出比较状语从句.
10. 将from去掉 escape在作 “被某人情不自禁地说出来”讲时,是及物动词,而只在作 “逃跑”讲时,才时不及物动词.
During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat __1__
became an increasing favorite topic of conversation. __2__
War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop.
For years, farmers mistrusted speculative grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn,
so farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that __3__
they sold their wheat soon shortly after harvest when farm debts were coming due, __4__
just to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producers __5__
groups asked firmer control, but the government had no wish to become __6__
involving, at least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to run wild. __7__
Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal government appointed __8__
a board of grain supervisors to deal with deliveries from the crops of 1917
and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended, and farmers sold at prices
fixed by the board. To handle with the crop of 1919, the government appointed __9__
the first Canadian Wheat Board, with total authority to buy, sell, and set prices. __10__
1. 将in改为with 2.将increasing改为incresingly 3.将so改为but
4. 删掉soon或者shortly 5. 将just改为only 6.在asked 后面加上for
7.将involving改为involved 8.将life改为living 9.删掉with或将handle改为deal
10. 将total改为full/complete/absolute/overall.
Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised __1__
hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he scores a goal, __2__
enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. __3__
To understand how this transformation has taken place we
must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a million __4__
year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success __5__
in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their __6__
bodies, became radically changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers,
aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group __7__
attackers.
Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long formative __8__
period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence,
so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning, __9__
controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms,
awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer __10__
essential for survival.
1. 将viewing改为viewed 非谓语动词view和句子的主语是逻辑动宾关系。
2 .将inaccurate改为accurate
如果真的目标不准确,也就不可能进球了(he scores a goal)。
3 .在enjoys前面加he 由于前面if his aim is accurate and he scores a goal 是条件状语从句,因此可见这里是主句,主句的主语he是不可以省略的。
4 .将look up at的up省略 5 .将year变为复数 6 .将if去掉
7 .将co-operate 改为co-operated 8 .将when改为after
9.将were改为was 该谓语动词的主语是Their improved intelligence,是单数。
10. 将farming改为hunting 纵观全文,在从事种植业后,“狩猎”而不是“农耕”的危险和不确定性对人们的生存已经不再那么重要了。
There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt ‘naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography __1__
is learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech sounds __2__
like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock when we __3__
firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recognize at once, __4__
whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We __5__
begin the ‘natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to
read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and __6__
practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every __7__
day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling.
This is ‘ natural’, therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our im- __8__
mediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates a means of holding a
community and to give a sense of ‘belonging’. We learn quite early to recognize a __9__
‘stranger’, someone who speaks with an accent of a different community—perhaps
only a few miles far. __10__
1. 将and改为whereas/but/yet 2. 将with改为of unconscious of 是固定搭配。
3. 删掉out speak out 意思为“大胆地说”,“大声地说”,与此处意思不符。
4. 将firstly改为first
5. 将which改为that或者将which删掉。性定语从句前面的先行词是something,因此要用that引导定语从句。也可以将which删掉,不用任何引导词。
6. 将went改为go 7. 删掉per或者every 8. 将This改为It
It在此处做形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。
9. 在community后面加together 此处的大意为“语音是把社区团结在一起的工具”。
10. 将far改为away “只有几英里远”应是 a few miles away。
The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live as our prehistoric human __1__
ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing with animal foods __2__
An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that one-half emphasize gathering plants foods, one-third concentrate on fishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters,
Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter-gatherer’s calories come from __3__
plants. Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University
of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of food
than is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible __4__
calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. __5__
Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, and no __6__
one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, if they escape fatal infections
or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence __7__
of medical care. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little
dental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their blood
cholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult). __8__
If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life style, we certainly __9__
could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet. __10__
1. 将as 改为like 此处的意思是“像史前人类祖先那样生活”。
2. 将supplementing改为supplemented
supplemented 修饰diet,可以看作which is supplemented with animal foods的简化形式。
3. 将and 改为or 4. 将in改为on on average 是固定用法。
5. 将as 改为while或者whereas
6. 删掉for,或者将provide改为account 此处provide 是及物动词,后面不用介词for
7. 删掉第一个of despite 做介词,后面直接接名词。
8. 在half后加that that 指代前面的blood cholesterol levels,不能省略,因为这里是将部落成员的胆固醇含量与美国人的胆固醇含量相比较。
9.将if改为whereas或者while 此处意思为“尽管没有人……,但是……”,是转折关系。
10.在for后面加不定冠词a。
Classic Intention Movement
In social situations, the classic Intention Movement is “the
chair-grasp”. Host and guest have been talking for some time, but now the host has an appointment to keep and can get away. His urge __1__
to go is held in cheek by his desire not be rude to his guest. If he did __2__
not care of his guest’s feelings he would simply get up out of his chair __3__
and to announce his departure. This is what his body wants to do, __4__
therefore his politeness glues his body to the chair and refuses to let him __5__
raise. It is at this point that he performs the chair-grasp Intention __6__
Movement. He continues to talk to the guest and listen to him, but leans
forward and grasps the arms of the chair as about to push himself upwards. __7__
This is the first act he would make if he were rising. If he were not __8__
hesitating, it would only last the fraction of the second. He would lean, __9__
push, rise, and be up. But now, instead, it lasts much longer. He
holds his “readiness-to-rise” post and keeps on holding it. It is as if his __10__
body had frozen at the get-ready moment.
1. 将can改为must 根据上下文的意思“主人有一个约会,必须离开”是客观要求,而不是“能不能”或者“可不可以”的问题。
2. not后面加to desire 后应该加动词不定式to do something。
3. 将of 改为about
care about意思为“对…在意,在乎”,而care of 意思为“转交”
(觉得还可以直接去掉 of,care 本身也有在乎的意思,可是答案不这么写,你怎么看嘞?)
4. 删掉and或者to。 5. 将therefore 改为 yet或but这两部分之间应是转折的关系。
6. 将raise改为rise raise 是及物动词,后面必须加宾语,而且在此与文章意思不符。rise意为“起身”,“站起来”,符合文义。
7. 在as 和 about之间加上if或者though 此处的意思是主人身子往前倾,双手抓着椅子,好像就要站起来一样。as if/ though to do something 意思为“仿佛要做什么事情”。
8. 将make改为perform或do 此处考查搭配问题,动词make与前面的act不能搭配。
9.将the改为a a fraction of a second 意思为非常短暂的时间。
10. 将post改为posture
Most people would describe water like a colorless liquid. They __1__
would know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid called
ice and that when heating on a fire it becomes a vapor called steam. __2__
However, water, they would say, is a liquid. We have learned that water consists of molecules composed with two atoms of hydrogen __3__
and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O.
This is equally true of the solid called ice and the gas called steam.
Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, and
the solid, all of which is made up of molecules with the formula H2O. __4__
This is true of other chemical substances; most of them can exist as
gases or as liquids or as solids. We may normally think of iron as a
solid, but if we will heat it in a furnace, it will melt and become a __5__
liquid, and at very high temperatures it will become a gas. Nothing
very permanent occurs when a gas changes into a liquid or a solid.
Everyone knows that ice, which has been made by freezing water,
can be melted again by warmed and that steam can be condensed __6__
on a cold surface to become liquid water. In fact, it is only because
water is so a familiar substance that different names are used for __7__
the solid, liquid and gas. Most substances are only familiar with __8__
us in one state, because the temperatures requiring to turn them __9__
into gases are very high, or the temperatures necessary to turn them
into solids are so low. Water is an exception in this respect, which
is another reason why its three states have given three different names. __10__
1. 改like为as describe sth as sth 是把……描述成……的意思。
2. 改heating为heated 在时间,条件,让步等状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语是一致的时候,可以将从句的主语和be的变化形式省略。
3. 改with为of be composed of 意思为“包括,由……组成”
4. 改is made up 为 are made up
which 指代上文中的 the gas, the liquid,and the solid,表示复数概念,所以要用are
5. 将第一个will去掉 在时间条件状语从句和条件状语从句中要用现在时表示将来时。
6. by改为when when warm 相当于 when it is warmed
7. 改so为such 8. 改with为to
短语familiar to 后面才能接“某人” familiar with 是接sth
9. 改requiring为required
过去分词短语作后置定语时,和被修饰的名词时逻辑动宾关系。
10. have 后加 been 动词give和主语three states 是动宾关系
Artists use caricature to distort the human face or figure for comic affect, __1__
while at the same time capturing an identifiable likeness and suggests the essence __2__
of the personality or character beneath the surface. The humor lies in the fact __3__
the caricature is recognizable, and yet exaggerated.
From their origin in Europe as witty sketches, caricature grew through __4__
the eighteenth and nineteenth century, becoming enormously popular in __5__
the United States early in this century. In 1920s and 1930s especially,
this lively form of illustration was appeared in newspapers and __6__
magazines throughout the country. The caricaturists in this era drew his __7__
portraits of important figures primary to entertain. In spirit their work was __8__
close to the humor of the fast-developing comic strip and gag cartoon than to the __9__
string of political satire. Their subjects were more often amusing than offended __10__
by amiable attacks.:
1. 将affect改为effect affect是动词。effect是名词。
2. 将suggests改为 suggesting
这是一个以while引导的从句,其中suggest应该与capturing并列。
3.在fact后面加上that 因为引导同位语从句的关系词不可以省略。
4. 将their改为its 这里its指代单数名词caricature
5. 将century改为复数形式
6. 将was省略 appear是不及物动词,不应用于被动语态。
7. 将his改为their 这里指代复数名词 the caricaturists
8. 将primary改为primarily primarily在这里做状语,修饰不定式短语
9. 将close改为比较级形式closer 从后面的连词than,可以看出,这里使用了比较状语从句
10. 将amusing改为 amused
主语subject(受攻击的人)和amuse的逻辑关系是动宾关系,应使用过去分词形式。
A great many cities are experiencing difficulties which are nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale. Some cities have lost their
original purpose and have not found new one. And any large or rich city is __1__
going to attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of __2__
prosperity which are then often disappointing. There are backward towns on the
edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were on the edge of __3__
seventeenth-century London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is __4__
the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of
Mexico City, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, are very __5__
dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the poor can still be numbered __6__
in millions.
The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity, but behind it lies __7__
two myths; the myth of the city as a promised land, that attracts immigrants __8__
from rural poverty and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the __9__
country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, sends them flood __10__
-ing out again to the suburbs.
1. 在new one前加a 这里one指代上下文中的可数名词purpose,因此该词前要有限定词。
2. 将filling改为filled 在这里,非谓语动词fill与句子的who(poor immigrants)之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此要使用过去分词来表示被动意义。
3. 去掉though
4. 将this改为what
根据句子结构,我们可以看出这里需要一个关系代词,它既能引导主语从句,同时也可以在从句中作主语,这个关系代词就是what。如:
What I like in a good author is not what he says,but what he whispers。
5. 将was改为were that引导定语从句,其先行词是descriptions…and the enormous contrasts,因此谓语动词be要用复数。
6. 将dissimilar 改为 similar 这里要表示的是“共同,相似”之处。
7.将lies 改为lie
behind it lie two myths 是个倒装句,主语为two myths,可见谓语动词要使用复数。
8. 将that改为which 这里是一个非性定语从句,因此不可用that,而要用which。
9. 将it改为them 复数名词immigrants的代词,所以要用复数形式。
10. 将late改为later
When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree what they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the __1__
way they occupied the space around them—for example, when such a person walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of others. Such people never __2__
bump into other people.
However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, __3__
it he said was quite well-known, about an American who had been invited __4__
to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East. The American __5__
hasn’t been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. If he had __6__
known about American food, he might have behaved better. __7__
Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to
him, very much as a napkin. Picking it up, he put it into his collar, so that __8__
it falls across his shirt. His Arab host, who had been watching, __9__
said of nothing, but immediately copied the action of his guest. __10__
And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.
1.将on改为by。“by the way”作“根据……方式”讲。
2. 将unaware改为aware
根据下文中的“Such a person never bump into other people”判断,这种人不会“目中无人”。
3. 将as改为than
“more + adj/of + n + than”是固定搭配。
4. 将it改为which
which在此引导一个非性定语从句,which在从句中作主语,需要注意的是,在从句中he said是插入语。
5. 将at改为in
名词the country前要用介词in。
6. 将hasn’t改为hadn’t
根据上下文我们可以看出这里需要使用过去完成时。
7. 将American改为Arab。根据上文,我们可以看出,这里讲述的是赴“阿拉伯”传统宴会的“美国人”的故事,而不是赴“美国”传统宴会的“美国人”的故事。
8. 将as 改为like
介词as意思为“作为”,like意思为“像”。
9. 将falls改为fell
这里要使用一般过去时。
10. 将第一个of删掉。
say作为及物动词,后面可直接跟名词作宾语。
