EXCEL正态分布

工具/原料

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Excel(2007)

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方法/步骤

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数据录入

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新建Excel文档，录入待分析数据（本例中将数据录入A列，则在后面引用中所有的数据记为A:A）；

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计算“最大值”、“最小值”、“极差”、“分组数”、“分组组距”，公式如图：

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分组

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“分组”就是确定直方图的横轴坐标起止范围和每个小组的起止位置。选一个比最小值小的一个恰当的值作为第一个组的起始坐标，然后依次加上“分组组距”，直到最后一个数据值比“最大值”大为止。这时的实际分组数量可能与计算的“分组数”有一点正常的差别。类似如下图。

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统计频率

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“频率”就是去统计每个分组中所包含的数据的个数。

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最简单的方法就是直接在所有的数据中直接去统计，但当数据量很大的时候，这种方法不但费时，而且容易出错。

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一般来说有两种方法来统计每个小组的数据个数：1.采用“FREQUENCY”函数；2.采用“COUNT IF”让后再去相减。

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这里介绍的是“FREQUENCY”函数方法：

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“Date_array”：是选取要统计的数据源，就是选择原始数据的范围；

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“Bins_array”：是选取直方图分组的数据源，就是选择分组数据的范围；

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生成“FREQUENCY”函数公式组，步骤如下：

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1. 先选中将要统计直方图每个子组中数据数量的区域

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2. 再按“F2”健，进入到“编辑”状态

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3. 再同时按住“Ctrl”和“Shift”两个键，再按“回车Enter”键，最后三键同时松开，大功告成！

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制作直方图

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选中统计好的直方图每个小组的分布个数的数据源（就是“频率”），用“柱形图”来完成直方图：

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选中频率列下所有数据（G1:G21),插入→柱形图→二维柱形图

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修整柱形图

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选中柱形图中的“柱子”→右键→设置数据系列格式：

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1、系列选项，分类间距设置为0%；

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2、边框颜色：实线，白色（你喜欢的就好）

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3、关闭“设置数据系列格式”窗口

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直方图大功造成！

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END

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制作正态分布图

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获取正态分布概念密度

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 正态分布概率密度正态分布函数“NORMDIST”获取。

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在这里是以分组边界值为“X”来计算：

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Mean=AVERAGE(A:A)(数据算术平均）

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Standard_dev=STDEV(A:A)(数据的标准方差）

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Cumulative=0(概率密度函数）

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向下填充

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在直方图中增加正态分布曲线图

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1、在直方图内右键→选择数据→添加→

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2、系列名称：选中H1单元格

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3、系列值：选中H2:H21

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4、确定、确定

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修整图形

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1、在图表区柱形较下方选中正态分布曲线数据，（正态分布密度值和频率数值相比太小了，实在看不清，多试几次，选中后如图，同时正态分布曲线那数数据处于选中状态）。

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2、右键→设置数据列格式→系列绘制在→次坐标轴；

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关闭，如图

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更改系列图表类型

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1、选中正态分布柱形图→右键→更改系列图表类型

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2、选中“拆线图”

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3、确定

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平滑正态分布图

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选中正态分布曲线→右键→设置数据列格式→线型→勾选“平滑线”→关闭

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大功告成

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本例中原始数据：

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51.7,50.6,57.9,56.9,56.7,56.7,55.3,56.1,53.7,54.5,56.9,51.9,52.1,55.1,54.9,54.7,55.3,55.3,54.5,54.9,54.5,55.3,54.9,54.3,53.7,53.5,53.7,53.1,54.5,53.1,53.9,53.5,53.3,53.9,53.5,53.5,52.5,53.3,53.5,53.3,53.7,53.1,54.5,53.9,56.7,54.5,54.3,55.1,54.1,54.5,53.9,53.1,53.3,55.3,55.7,56.1,54.7,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.1,52.9,53.1,54.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.3,53.1,53.3,53.1,53.3,55.1,54.7,54.9,54.3,53.9,53.7,53.9,53.5,54.5,54.3,55.5,55.7,55.5,54.9,55.3,55.5,53.7,54.1,53.9,55.7,55.9,53.7,53.5,53.1,52.3,52.7,52.9,53.3,53.9,52.7,53.5,53.1,52.7,51.9,52.5,53.9,54.5,55.7,55.3,54.9,53.1,52.9,54.1,53.3,54.7,53.9,54.3,54.1,53.7,53.3,52.7,52.9,52.5,53.9,53.5,54.1,54.1,54.7,54.9,54.9,54.1,53.3,52.9,53.7,53.9,54.3,54.1,54.5,54.7,54.9,52.1,52.9,53.5,52.7,53.1,53.1,53.5,52.9,52.9,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.5,53.9,54.9,55.1,54.3,55.1,54.3,54.3,53.9,54.5,54.5,54.3,55.3,54.5,54.9,53.5,52.1,55.3,55.7,55.7,55.5,54.5,57.7,54.7,53.7,53.1,53.7,55.9,56.1,53.9,53.7,53.3,53.9,53.9,54.5,54.7,56.1,55.7,53.1,53.7,53.5,53.9,53.9,53.5,53.3,53.1,52.5,55.9,55.7,54.1,54.3,54.1,54.1,54.5,54.5,55.1,53.1,53.3,54.1,54.3,53.9,54.1,54.7,54.7,53.7,53.1,53.3,52.7,53.5,52.9,53.7,56.5,56.1,55.7,55.5,56.9,57.7,56.5,55.7,54.1,54.7,55.7,55.5,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.3,53.5,54.3,54.1,54.5,54.7,55.7,55.5,54.1,54.3,54.7,53.1,53.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,53.7,53.1,54.7,54.5,55.1,54.7,54.5,56.1,55.7,53.3,52.5,53.7,54.1,53.3,52.1,52.3,53.1,53.3,53.5,53.3,53.1,52.7,53.1,55.7,55.1,54.3,53.7,53.1,52.9,53.1,52.7,52.5,53.1,53.5,53.1,53.3,54.1,55.1,54.9,56.1,55.7,56.5,54.7,53.7

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